DEFINITIONS PROBLEMS AND ISSUES are focused on in this presentation.

1. concept
SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT
WE ALL ARE CONNECTED NOT ISOLATED …….
AR S KAALMEGH
ASSOCIATE PROFESSOR
LAD COLLEGE

2. WE ALL ARE CONNECTED NOT ISOLATED …….
• There is more to living and designing in this world we inhabit than we think
and know.
1. SUSTAINABILITY .. IMPORTANCE
2. RELEVANCE
3. DEFINITIONS
TENETS AND PRINCIPLES OF SUSTAINABILITY:
1. SUSTAINABLE METHODS AND MATERIAL
2. CONSERVE ENERGY
3. WATER CONSERVATION
4. COMPATIBLE AND DIVERSE PLANT SELECTION
5. RIGHT PLANT RIGHT PLACE
6. CONSERVATION OF NATURAL RESOURCES
7. MAINTAIN HEALTHY PLANTS
8. PROTECT SOIL , CREATE AND CONSERVE SOIL
9. STOP / CHANNEL WATER RUN OFF
10. PROTECT WILD LIFE HABITAT

3. BIOCLIMATIC DESIGN
CONCEPTS

4. Prior to the 20th century, much of the world’s
architecture, responded to the regional climate
and could be considered bioclimatic

5. Bioclimatic design – combining “biology” and “climate” – is an
approach to the design of buildings and landscape that is based
on local climate. ... The premise of bioclimatic design is that
buildings utilize natural heating, cooling, and daylighting in
accordance with local climatic conditions.
DEFINITIONS
Bioclimatic architecture refers to the design of buildings and spaces (interior – exterior – outdoor)
based on local climate, aimed at providing thermal and visual comfort, making use of solar energy
and other environmental sources.
Bioclimatic design deals with biological and climatic aspects
such as thermal comfort and passive design strategies.
Bioclimatic design aiming at the construction of buildings that
are in harmony with the natural surroundings and local climate,
ensuring conditions of thermal comfort inside.

7. The bioclimatic design of the buildings serves four main objectives:
Saving conventional energy. Thrift in oil consumption through renewable energy
sources (RES), that leads to energy saving.
Saving money. Using inexpensive solar energy for heating and / or cool wind for cooling. This
is an economic challenge resulting in cutting down heating and cooling expenses by 50%, possibly
more.
Protection of the environment. Less usage of fossil fuels and electricity reduces the
waste which harms the environment and cause air pollution.
Improvement of the indoor living conditions. Bioclimatic design ensures thermal
comfort and air-quality thus creating a healthy living environment.
Bioclimatic design is very important and its correct application benefits both
humans and the environment.

8. CROFT ARCHITECTS

9. BUENOS AIRES

10. Bioclimatic principles design
1. The building as a natural solar collector in winter:
• The proper location of the building - Orientation (the largest face of the house facing
SOUTH)
• Shape of the building,
• Size of the openings are depended on the orientation of the building,
• Interior design according to bioclimatic principles of orientation
2. The building serving as a heat trap:
• Protection from cold winds,
• Thermal protection - insulation
3. The building serving as a heat storage:
• Thermal mass - heat capacity
4. The building serving as a natural cooling trap / storage:
• Sun protection of the building and its openings,
• Color and texture of the outer surfaces,
• Sufficiency of thermal mass,
• Thermal protection – insulation,
• Natural ventilation,
• Outgoing heat radiation during night,
• Microclimate

11. • The traditional
Spanish hacienda
design uses thick,
thermally dense
walls to retain heat or
chill, thereby
regulating
temperature and
creating a stable
indoor microclimate
The haciendas have
“small windows to
reduce solar gain, or
overheating, to the
south, and larger
windows to the north
to bring in light,”
SPANISH HACIENDAS

12. • Sod houses built by
Scandinavian and Nordic
cultures hundreds of years ago
were some of the first
bioclimatic structures to
integrate vegetation, says
Bruce Dvorak, a professor in
the Department of Landscape
Architecture and Urban
Planning at Texas A&M
University.
• “With stone and timber and
other supporting materials, the
sod formed the bulk of the
walls and insulated the house,”
“Live sod was also placed on
the roof. The living sod on the
roof shaded the building
during the summer and
insulated the house during the
winter.”
SCANDINAVIA

20. Walkway

21. RAMIFICATIONS OF OUR ACTIONS / ACTIVITIES ?
WHAT IS OUR ECOLOGICAL PRESENCE DOING ? OUR FOOTPRINT?
WHY ENVIRONMENT IS SO IMPORTANT …………………………
SO ASK QUESTIONS AND CONDUCT INVESTIGATIONS
STUDY CASES
IMPORTANT QUESTIONS WE SHOULD ASK

22. HUMAN INTERFERENCE
ACTIVITY CONSEQUENCES

23. ENVIRONMENTAL ISSUES

24. DEFORESTATION : WHAT HAPPENS , IMPORTANCE OF FORESTS
WHY CITIES NEED FORESTS?
SOIL EROSION
URBANIZATION AND ENVIRONMENT

25. Noise pollution, also known as environmental noise or sound pollution, is the propagation of
noise with ranging impacts on the activity of human or animal life, most of them harmful to a
degree. The source of outdoor noise worldwide is mainly caused by machines, transport, and
propagation systems.
Water pollution is the contamination of water sources by substances which make the water
unusable for drinking, cooking, cleaning, swimming, and other activities. Pollutants include
chemicals, trash, bacteria, and parasites. All forms of pollution eventually make their way to
water.
Air pollution is contamination of the indoor or outdoor environment by any chemical, physical
or biological agent that modifies the natural characteristics of the atmosphere. Household
combustion devices, motor vehicles, industrial facilities and forest fires are common sources
of air pollution.
Soil contamination, soil pollution, or land pollution as a part of land degradation is caused by
the presence of xenobiotic chemicals or other alteration in the natural soil environment. It is
typically caused by industrial activity, agricultural chemicals or improper disposal of waste.
DEFINITIONS
WATER POLLUTION
AIR POLLUTION
NOISE POLLUTION
LAND POLLUTION

26. What are causes of land
pollution?
• Deforestation and Soil
Erosion. (Deforestation
carried out to create
drylands is one of the
major concerns. ...)
• Agricultural Activities.
...
• Mining Activities. ...
• Overcrowded Landfills.
...
• Industrialization. ...
• Urbanization. ...
• Construction Activities.
...
• Nuclear Waste.

27. What are the causes of
water pollution?
• Rapid Urban
Development.
• Improper Sewage
Disposal.
• Fertilizer Run-Off.
• Oil Spills.
• Chemical Waste
Dumping.
• Radioactive Waste
Discharge.

28. What are the causes of air
pollution?
Common air pollution causes.
• Burning of Fossil Fuels. ...
• Industrial Emission. ...
• Indoor Air Pollution. ...
• Wildfires. ...
• Microbial Decaying
Process. ...
• Transportation. ...
• Open Burning of Garbage
Waste. ...
• Construction and
Demolition.

29. What are causes of noise pollution?
• Traffic noise.
• Air traffic noise.
• Construction sites.
• Catering and night life.
• Animals.

31. 1. Environmental Science Ecology
2. Concept of Ecosystem,
3. Environmental deterioration,
4. Environmental Issues.

32. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND ECOLOGY
Generally speaking,
Environmental Science is a broader field that incorporates
many elements of earth and life sciences,
Environmental science differs from other sciences in that it
studies the interrelationship of humanity and the
environment.
Whereas, Ecology is usually more focused on how
organisms interact with each other and their surroundings,
and often on a very specific population of living things

33. Ecology is the study of the environment, and helps
us understand how organisms live with each other
in unique physical environments
Ecology is the specific study of the relationships
between living organisms: humans and animals,
animals and plants, plants and organisms.
What are the 4 types of ecology?
The different levels of ecology include- organisms,
communities, population and ecosystem.

35. CONCEPT OF ECOSYSTEM
An ecosystem is a
geographic area where
plants, animals, and other
organisms, as well as
weather and landscape,
work together to form a
bubble of life. Ecosystems
contain biotic or living,
parts, as well as abiotic
factors, or nonliving parts.
Biotic factors include
plants, animals, and other
organisms.

41. BIODIVERSITY
ECOSYSTEMS CONSISTS OF :
• INDIVIDUAL
• POPULATION
• COMMUNITY
ECOSYSTEM AND BIOMES
BIOME PROPERTIES : PRECIPITATION AND TEMPERATURE

42. Biodiversity is all the
different kinds of life
you'll find in one area—
the variety of animals,
plants, fungi, and even
microorganisms like
bacteria that make up our
natural world. Each of
these species and
organisms work together
in ecosystems, like an
intricate web, to maintain
balance and support life.

45. BIOME
Biome refers to the community of plants and animals
that occur naturally in an area, often sharing
common characteristics specific to that area. Biome,
also known as a major life zone, is an area that
includes communities of plants and animals that
have a common adaptation to that particular
environment.
What is biome and examples?
Image result for BIOME
Terrestrial biomes or land biomes – e.g. tundra,
taiga, grasslands, savannas, deserts, tropical
forests, etc. Freshwater biomes – e.g. large lakes,
polar freshwaters, tropical coastal rivers, river deltas,
etc. Marine biomes – e.g. continental shelf, tropical
coral, kelp forest, benthic zone, pelagic zone, etc

46. What are the 7 main
biomes?
Image result for
BIOME
Biomes of the World
Tropical Rainforest.
Temperate Forest.
Desert.
Tundra.
Taiga (Boreal Forest)
Grassland.
Savanna.

49. ENVIRONMENTAL DETERIORATION
Environmental degradation is a process through which the
natural environment is compromised in some way, reducing
biological diversity and the general health of the environment.
This process can be entirely natural in origin, or it can be
accelerated or caused by human activities.
What is environmental degradation and examples?
Image result for ENVIRONMENTAL DEGRADATION
Environmental degradation is the disintegration of the earth or
deterioration of the environment through the consumption of assets, for
example, air, water and soil; the destruction of environments and the
eradication of wildlife.

50. CONSEQUENCES :
Consequences include increased poverty, overcrowding, famine, weather
extremes, species loss, acute and chronic medical illnesses, war and human
rights abuses, and an increasingly unstable global situation that portends
Malthusian chaos and disaster.
What causes environmental degradation?
The major causes of the environmental degradation are modern urbanization,
industrialization, over-population growth, deforestation etc. Environmental
pollution refers to the degradation of quality and quantity of natural resources.
How important is environmental degradation?
Over consumption of natural resources results in environmental degradation,
reducing the effectiveness of essential ecosystem services, such as the
mitigation of floods and landslides. This leads to increased risk from disasters,
and in turn, natural hazards can further degrade the environment.

53. IMPACT OF BUILDING ACTIVIITY ON ENVIRONMENT
Construction activities impact badly on the environment due to
waste generation, resource consumption, noise pollution, air
pollution due to dust from construction activities as well as bad
odours from large diesel powered vehicles/construction
machinery.
What are the environmental impacts of building?
The environmental impact of construction contributes to global
warming. Construction projects emit large amounts of carbon dioxide
and methane. Infrastructure developments cause pollution and produce
waste. As the output of the construction industry multiplies, so can its
damaging effects