Economic growth
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Economic growth in India after 1947 has led to improvements in some areas but also ongoing challenges. Literacy rates have risen significantly from 18% in 1951 to 65% in 2001, though literacy remains lower for females and in rural areas. Poverty has declined substantially but still affects over 300 million people, most of whom live in rural areas and work in agriculture. Employment has increased but over 90% of workers lack social security as they are in informal or unorganized sectors. Agriculture remains important but suffers from problems like decreasing land availability and low productivity. Health and education have also improved but inclusive growth is still needed to benefit all sections of society.
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India’s wealth and poverty levelsThis study will focus on the ec.docx
India’s wealth and poverty levels
This study will focus on the economic standards of India and the factors that have lead India to have a wealth and poor population at the same time. India over the last couple of year, it has experienced an increased per capita income due to its increased work force. Also, India has been known as one of the countries with a large population languishing over poverty.
India has been experiencing an increase in its economic growth rate over the last four years. In the fiscal year 2014 - 2015 the country had a 7.4% economic increase compared to a 6.9% increase in the fiscal year 2013 - 2014. The country is projecting an economic increase in the fiscal year 2015- 2016 of 7.5%. India was listed the 19th largest merchandise in the year 2013 and with a large export of services which saw India in the 6th position worldwide. The country is not only in the top service export list but also in the import list it was ranked 7th importing merchandise of worthy of $616.7 billion in a total.
In fact, this increase in India’s economic growth has been due to an increased output and high performance of two industries that are the agriculture industry and manufacturing industries. These industries the largest India’s economic growth shareholders and their performance influence the country’s economic growth rate in every fiscal year (Maddison, 2013).
Moreover, India has been among the best known manufacturing industry in the world. This has in turn led the government to allow investors in the country to invest in the sector. The fast growing and large population has provided force labor to the upcoming industries (Maddison, 2013). A large percentage of India’s population is comprised of poor citizens who in turn provide cheap labor to the industries, hence low input which gives the companies large marginal profits.
In addition, the large Indian population has also been a target for the manufacturing industries whose final products are consumed locally in the country before they are exported to other countries. India’s large population has been in the service that also has contributed to the county’s economic growth (Maddison, 2013). The service sector offers services like the tourism, heath care; telecommunication and trade travel services between other many services. These statistics shows that India has been experiencing an increase in its economy.
Furthermore, India is one of the countries that are known to poses both a rich group of individuals and at the same time a large population in poverty. The number of poor in India is reducing significantly over the past four years. Though there are different methods to measure poverty a conclusion has been achieved that India has a large population living under the poverty line. India’s population has been increasing yearly at a rate of 1.8 million people (Krishna, 2006). This has led to their population reaching 1.28 billion people. According to a research curried out by the wo.
Demographic profile of INDIA - Opportunity or Threat
Demographic change in India is opening up new economic opportunities. As in many countries, declining infant and child mortality helped to spark lower fertility, effectively resulting in a temporary baby boom. As this cohort moves into working
ages, India finds itself with a potentially higher share of workers as compared with dependent. If working-age people can be productively employed, India’s economic growth stands to accelerate. Theoretical and empirical literature on the effect of demographics on labour supply, savings, and economic growth underpins this effort to understand and forecast economic growth in India. Policy choices can potentiate India’s realisation of economic benefits stemming from demographic change. Failure to take advantage of the opportunities inherent in demographic change can lead to economic stagnation.
Macroeconomic Performance - India
This document discusses the demographic trends in India and their implications. It notes that India's population has grown significantly from 350 million at independence to over 1 billion currently. It is projected to reach 1.25 billion in the next 4 years. This will result in a large young working population that can boost economic growth if proper conditions are created. However, it may also strain urban infrastructure and amenities unless cities are developed adequately. Overall, the rising population underscores the need for increased investment in education, healthcare, job creation and urban development to harness the demographic dividend for India's progress.
Economic Development
This document appears to be notes from a course on economic development. It covers several topics related to economic development, including domestic and international factors that influence development. Some of the key domestic factors discussed are education, healthcare, infrastructure, political stability, legal systems, and women's empowerment. International topics examined include trade, foreign investment, aid, and debt. The document also explores ways to measure development progress, such as through indicators like GDP, HDI, and poverty rates.
Rural livelihoods
This document discusses the changing nature of rural livelihoods in India. It notes that while India's economy has grown, many rural areas still face poverty and food insecurity. Rural livelihoods increasingly rely on non-farm activities as agriculture alone often cannot support families. The document examines trends in agriculture, including a shift to cash crops over food crops, declining food intake, and threats to small farmers' livelihood security and food security. It argues for understanding rural livelihoods holistically rather than through any single lens.
POVERTY , INEQUAITY & UNEMPLOYMENT IN INDIA
The document discusses poverty in India, including definitions of poverty, measurements of poverty lines, and statistics related to poverty levels. Some key points:
- India has a large population living in poverty despite high economic growth. Over 20% of the world's poorest people live in India.
- Poverty is measured using both relative and absolute definitions related to income levels and access to necessities.
- Rural poverty rates are higher than urban rates, and some states have much higher poverty levels than others. Factors perpetuating poverty include lack of infrastructure, education, and economic opportunities.
- The government employs various programs aimed at reducing rural and urban poverty. However, poverty and unemployment remain significant
POVERTY , INEQUAITY & UNEMPLOYMENT
This document discusses poverty and related economic issues in India. It provides statistics on poverty lines and rates of poverty in rural and urban areas. Key points include:
- India has a large poor population, with over 20% of the world's poorest people despite having 17.5% of the global population.
- Poverty is most prevalent in certain states like Bihar, Jharkhand, and West Bengal.
- Both relative and absolute measures are used to define and measure poverty.
Poverty (Reasons & Solutions)
Poverty is defined as lacking sufficient money to meet basic needs like food, shelter, and clothing. In India, over 400 million people, or 33% of the population, live below the international poverty line of $1.25 per day. Rural poverty is caused by factors like poor agricultural yields, debt, and lack of jobs or education, while urban poverty stems from unemployment, low wages, and illiteracy. To reduce poverty, solutions proposed include improving agriculture through irrigation and market access, expanding education and vocational training, generating employment through manufacturing and services, and strengthening public health and social services. Long-term solutions require promoting education, employment, and eliminating corruption from government policies and programs.
General Studies Projecct.pptx
The document discusses several contemporary social problems in Indian society, including poverty, illiteracy, unemployment, social inequalities, population growth, and health issues. It notes that while India has experienced significant economic growth since independence, many social issues persist. Poverty remains widespread and is both a cause and effect of illiteracy and unemployment. High population growth also exacerbates unemployment and poverty. Addressing these interconnected problems will require coordinated efforts across many sectors of society.
General Studies Projecct.pptx
The document discusses several contemporary social problems in Indian society including poverty, illiteracy, unemployment, social inequalities, population growth and health issues. It notes that while India has experienced significant economic growth since independence, many social issues persist. Poverty remains widespread and is both a cause and effect of illiteracy and unemployment. High population growth also exacerbates unemployment and poverty. Addressing these interconnected problems will require coordinated efforts across many sectors of society.
Developing Rural Finance In India
This document discusses the changing nature of rural livelihoods in India. It notes that while India's economy has grown, poverty and hunger remain problems, especially in rural areas. Agriculture's share of GDP and employment has declined as industry and services have grown. There has been a shift from staple crops to more cash crops, which has contributed to food insecurity. Rural livelihoods now involve a variety of activities beyond just agriculture due to these economic changes.
Group Final Project Macroeconomics LM21
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Sumber:
https://www.thebalance.com/what-is-fiscal-policy-types-objectives-and-tools-3305844
https://yourbudgit.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/03/Economic-Recovery-Growth-Plan-2017-2020.pdf
https://pdfs.semanticscholar.org/0158/f6a87a7d8b1fdf73af34b3c214f41a965e17.pdf
https://tcf.org/content/report/apprenticeships/
https://www.ibrc.indiana.edu/ibr/2016/spring/article2.html
https://poverty.ucdavis.edu/policy-brief/us-farms-and-dwindling-labor-supply-mexico
http://www.economicsdiscussion.net/unemployment/top-6-strategies-to-reduce-unemployment/10115
https://www.taxscan.in/cbec-releases-faqs-micro-small-medium-enterprises/10326/
https://www.researchgate.net/publication/313536090_The_Role_of_Small_Businesses_Small_Scale_Economic_Projects_in_Alleviating_the_Acuity_of_Unemployment
Poverty and unemployment in india by Abhishek Lahiry
The document discusses the concepts of poverty and unemployment in India, their relationship, and efforts to reduce them. It provides historical data showing that poverty in India peaked in the 1960s and has declined since economic reforms in the 1990s, but still impacts hundreds of millions who lack basic necessities. Unemployment averages around 9% and is caused by factors like population growth, low agricultural productivity, and lack of skills development. Several government programs have aimed to reduce poverty through rural development, employment guarantees, and self-employment initiatives, but more remains to be done to educate citizens and implement effective policies.
Poverty background
The document discusses poverty from multiple dimensions including lack of access to food, shelter, health services, education, clean water and sanitation facilities. It notes that poverty is not just about low income but also human deprivations. It outlines the effects of poverty on children, women, education and sanitation. It provides statistics on poverty rates in India over time and discusses the evolution of the concept of minimum living standards in India through various committees and plans. It analyzes different strategies and programs adopted by the government to directly tackle poverty and ensure minimum living standards.
Poverty in india
Poverty in India is widespread, with over 300 million people expected to be lifted out of extreme poverty by 2015 according to a UN report. However, India still faces significant issues with malnutrition and hunger. A committee headed by Suresh Tendulkar developed a new methodology for calculating poverty in India that found over 350 million people lived below the poverty line in 2005. The document then discusses several root causes of poverty in India, including population growth, lack of irrigation and infrastructure in rural areas, unemployment, and social factors like the caste system. Overpopulation is seen as a major challenge exacerbating poverty in India. Improving agricultural productivity and reducing the development gap between states could help address poverty.
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Economic growth
- 1. Economic Growth in India after 1947
- 3. ANNUAL GROWTH IN %
- 6. LITERACY RATE IN INDIA
- 8. Trends in Poverty (%): India Year Rural Urban Total 1973-74 56 49 55 1983 46 41 45 1993-94 37 32 36 2004-10 28 26 28
- 9. Number of poor (in million) Year Number (million) 1973-74 321 1983 323 1993-94 320 2004-10 297
- 11. Employment Sector 1961 2004-10 Agriculture 75.9 51.4 Industry 10.6 23.2 Tertiary 12.4 25.4 Total 100.0 100.0