This document is a student assignment on green brick production in Bangladesh submitted to Joy Bhowmik of the Department of General Education. It discusses how traditional brick manufacturing causes environmental damage through high carbon emissions, but Bangladesh has introduced a green brick production process since 2000 that can reduce emissions by 90%. The summary describes the traditional and green production processes, highlighting aspects like reduced fuel use and automated quality control in green production. It also notes the environmental and economic benefits of green bricks, as well as challenges faced in expanding this industry in Bangladesh.
Eco-Concrete : Opportunities and ChallengesAbhishek Suman
ECO- concrete is a revolutionary topic in the history of concrete industry. This was first invented in Denmark in the year 1998. ECO- concrete has nothing to do with color. It is a concept of thinking environment into concrete considering every aspect from raw materials manufacture over mixture design to structural design, construction, and service life
Eco-Concrete : Opportunities and ChallengesAbhishek Suman
ECO- concrete is a revolutionary topic in the history of concrete industry. This was first invented in Denmark in the year 1998. ECO- concrete has nothing to do with color. It is a concept of thinking environment into concrete considering every aspect from raw materials manufacture over mixture design to structural design, construction, and service life
green concrete preparation and techniques used in manufacturing of green concrete and uses and applications and proportions ratios as explained briefly to the civil engineering field
A Theoretical Study on Green Concrete Constructionijtsrd
Concrete which are taken from the demolished structures or from concrete waste which are considered to be eco friendly and using it for the purpose of another building construction is called as green concrete construction. This helps to make the future construction eco friendly and also reduce the emission of CO2. Now a days global warming is the major drawback of whole world which is directly or indirectly caused by the civil engineering field. The world consumes concrete more next to water. So it is the duty of every civil engineer to go along the disadvantages of green house gas emission and to reduce their effects in environment. This can be sought by using the eco friendly materials and also the eco friendly waste concrete available in earth. This journal paper would provide the ideas of green construction and also helps to induce the engineers choice of construction. P K Ponsangari "A Theoretical Study on Green Concrete Construction" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-3 | Issue-6 , October 2019, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd29376.pdf Paper URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/engineering/civil-engineering/29376/a-theoretical-study-on-green-concrete-construction/p-k-ponsangari
Alibaba construction ltd auto bricks in bangladeshCBECL BD
Alibaba Construction ltd is one of the leading auto bricks manufacturer and supplier in Bangladesh.
Dhaka Auto bricks is the brand name of Alibaba Construction for Auto Bricks.
We supply Auto Bricks in Dhaka.
Green concrete is environmental friendly concrete
Concrete that uses less energy in its production and produces less carbon dioxide than normal concrete is green concrete
Bangladesh is the 4th largest producer of Rice in the world with an approximate yearly production of 50+ million MT. The majority of the final product is par-boiled rice, the process involves steaming. Annual Rice Husk production is about 10 million tonnes in Bangladesh. Thus Bangladesh produces a huge amount of rice husk ash and more than 80% of it finds no use and needs disposal. Such disposals are causing major Environmental hazards for the Country. Every MT of Rice Paddy produces about 40Kg of RHA thus causing total production of around 2M MT of RHA every year in Bangladesh. It is a unique opportunity for Bangladesh to use agricultural waste to produce Sodium Silicate instead of burning sand with costly natural gas. Save nature and go for Green.
Assessing the socio-economic opportunity for street vendors in Dhaka: An emp...Jahid Khan Rahat
The street vending sector plays a crucial role in the economy of Dhaka, providing employment
and affordable goods to a large population. However, street vendors in Dhaka face numerous socio-economic challenges, including low income, long working hours, and limited access to basic services. These challenges are primarily caused by harassment by local authorities, health and safety risks, and limited legal protection.
This empirical investigation aims to provide a comprehensive analysis of the socio-economic
conditions of street vendors in Dhaka and identify sustainable alternatives for their occupation.
The investigation used a mixed-methods approach, including surveys, interviews, and focus
group discussions, to collect data from street vendors, local authorities, and other stakeholders. The study also reviewed existing literature on street vending and related policies in Dhaka and
other similar contexts.
The investigation found that street vendors in Dhaka earn a meagre income, work long hours, and lack access to basic services such as water, sanitation, and healthcare. Furthermore, street
vendors face numerous challenges, including harassment by local authorities, health and safety risks, and limited legal protection. These challenges have been exacerbated by the COVID-19 pandemic, which has led to a decline in sales and income for many street vendors.
The investigation also identified sustainable alternatives for street vending in Dhaka, such as
the establishment of designated vending zones, providing basic services to vendors, and
promoting formalization and organization of the street vending sector. These alternatives can provide better working and living conditions for the vendors and promote a more organized
and formal sector.
Finally, the investigation provided policy recommendations to local authorities, government
agencies, and other stakeholders to improve the socio-economic conditions of street vendors in Dhaka and promote a sustainable street vending sector. These recommendations include the establishment of a formal legal framework for street vending, providing access to basic
services, and creating designated vending zones. The implementation of these policy
recommendations can have a positive impact on the livelihoods of street vendors and the economy of Dhaka.
green concrete preparation and techniques used in manufacturing of green concrete and uses and applications and proportions ratios as explained briefly to the civil engineering field
A Theoretical Study on Green Concrete Constructionijtsrd
Concrete which are taken from the demolished structures or from concrete waste which are considered to be eco friendly and using it for the purpose of another building construction is called as green concrete construction. This helps to make the future construction eco friendly and also reduce the emission of CO2. Now a days global warming is the major drawback of whole world which is directly or indirectly caused by the civil engineering field. The world consumes concrete more next to water. So it is the duty of every civil engineer to go along the disadvantages of green house gas emission and to reduce their effects in environment. This can be sought by using the eco friendly materials and also the eco friendly waste concrete available in earth. This journal paper would provide the ideas of green construction and also helps to induce the engineers choice of construction. P K Ponsangari "A Theoretical Study on Green Concrete Construction" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-3 | Issue-6 , October 2019, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd29376.pdf Paper URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/engineering/civil-engineering/29376/a-theoretical-study-on-green-concrete-construction/p-k-ponsangari
Alibaba construction ltd auto bricks in bangladeshCBECL BD
Alibaba Construction ltd is one of the leading auto bricks manufacturer and supplier in Bangladesh.
Dhaka Auto bricks is the brand name of Alibaba Construction for Auto Bricks.
We supply Auto Bricks in Dhaka.
Green concrete is environmental friendly concrete
Concrete that uses less energy in its production and produces less carbon dioxide than normal concrete is green concrete
Bangladesh is the 4th largest producer of Rice in the world with an approximate yearly production of 50+ million MT. The majority of the final product is par-boiled rice, the process involves steaming. Annual Rice Husk production is about 10 million tonnes in Bangladesh. Thus Bangladesh produces a huge amount of rice husk ash and more than 80% of it finds no use and needs disposal. Such disposals are causing major Environmental hazards for the Country. Every MT of Rice Paddy produces about 40Kg of RHA thus causing total production of around 2M MT of RHA every year in Bangladesh. It is a unique opportunity for Bangladesh to use agricultural waste to produce Sodium Silicate instead of burning sand with costly natural gas. Save nature and go for Green.
Assessing the socio-economic opportunity for street vendors in Dhaka: An emp...Jahid Khan Rahat
The street vending sector plays a crucial role in the economy of Dhaka, providing employment
and affordable goods to a large population. However, street vendors in Dhaka face numerous socio-economic challenges, including low income, long working hours, and limited access to basic services. These challenges are primarily caused by harassment by local authorities, health and safety risks, and limited legal protection.
This empirical investigation aims to provide a comprehensive analysis of the socio-economic
conditions of street vendors in Dhaka and identify sustainable alternatives for their occupation.
The investigation used a mixed-methods approach, including surveys, interviews, and focus
group discussions, to collect data from street vendors, local authorities, and other stakeholders. The study also reviewed existing literature on street vending and related policies in Dhaka and
other similar contexts.
The investigation found that street vendors in Dhaka earn a meagre income, work long hours, and lack access to basic services such as water, sanitation, and healthcare. Furthermore, street
vendors face numerous challenges, including harassment by local authorities, health and safety risks, and limited legal protection. These challenges have been exacerbated by the COVID-19 pandemic, which has led to a decline in sales and income for many street vendors.
The investigation also identified sustainable alternatives for street vending in Dhaka, such as
the establishment of designated vending zones, providing basic services to vendors, and
promoting formalization and organization of the street vending sector. These alternatives can provide better working and living conditions for the vendors and promote a more organized
and formal sector.
Finally, the investigation provided policy recommendations to local authorities, government
agencies, and other stakeholders to improve the socio-economic conditions of street vendors in Dhaka and promote a sustainable street vending sector. These recommendations include the establishment of a formal legal framework for street vending, providing access to basic
services, and creating designated vending zones. The implementation of these policy
recommendations can have a positive impact on the livelihoods of street vendors and the economy of Dhaka.
Assessing the socio-economic opportunity for street vendors in Dhaka: An empi...Jahid Khan Rahat
The street vending sector plays a crucial role in the economy of Dhaka, providing employment and affordable goods to a large population. However, street vendors in Dhaka face numerous socio-economic challenges, including low income, long working hours, and limited access to basic services. These challenges are primarily caused by harassment by local authorities, health and safety risks, and limited legal protection.
This empirical investigation aims to provide a comprehensive analysis of the socio-economic conditions of street vendors in Dhaka and identify sustainable alternatives for their occupation. The investigation used a mixed-methods approach, including surveys, interviews, and focus group discussions, to collect data from street vendors, local authorities, and other stakeholders. The study also reviewed existing literature on street vending and related policies in Dhaka and other similar contexts.
The investigation found that street vendors in Dhaka earn a meagre income, work long hours, and lack access to basic services such as water, sanitation, and healthcare. Furthermore, street vendors face numerous challenges, including harassment by local authorities, health and safety risks, and limited legal protection. These challenges have been exacerbated by the COVID-19 pandemic, which has led to a decline in sales and income for many street vendors.
The investigation also identified sustainable alternatives for street vending in Dhaka, such as the establishment of designated vending zones, providing basic services to vendors, and promoting formalization and organization of the street vending sector. These alternatives can provide better working and living conditions for the vendors and promote a more organized and formal sector.
Finally, the investigation provided policy recommendations to local authorities, government agencies, and other stakeholders to improve the socio-economic conditions of street vendors in Dhaka and promote a sustainable street vending sector. These recommendations include the establishment of a formal legal framework for street vending, providing access to basic services, and creating designated vending zones. The implementation of these policy recommendations can have a positive impact on the livelihoods of street vendors and the economy of Dhaka.
Determinants of Foreign Direct Investment in BangladeshJahid Khan Rahat
Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) is a crucial factor in the economic development of any country. Bangladesh has made significant progress in attracting FDI in recent years, but there is still room for improvement. This report aims to identify the determinants of FDI in Bangladesh and make recommendations for policymakers.
The report analyses the economic, political, and social factors that influence FDI in Bangladesh. The economic factors include market size, labour costs, infrastructure, and natural resources. The political factors include political stability, government policies, and regulations. The social factors include the quality of education, health care, and living standards.
The analysis shows that the most significant determinants of FDI in Bangladesh are political stability, government policies, and regulations. Investors are attracted to countries with stable political environments and favourable government policies that support investment. Bangladesh has made some progress in these areas, but there is still room for improvement.
Other factors that influence FDI in Bangladesh include market size, infrastructure, labour costs, and natural resources. Bangladesh has a large and growing market, but infrastructure remains a significant challenge. Labour costs are low in Bangladesh, which is attractive to investors, but there is a need for improvement in the quality of the workforce. Bangladesh also has natural resources, such as gas and coal, that are attractive to investors.
Based on the analysis, the report recommends that the government of Bangladesh focus on improving political stability and creating a more favourable investment climate. This includes reducing corruption, improving the legal system, and providing incentives for foreign investors. The government should also invest in infrastructure, education, and healthcare to improve the quality of life for its citizens and attract more investment.
In conclusion, Bangladesh has significant potential to attract FDI, but there are challenges that need to be addressed. Improving political stability, government policies, and regulations, as well as investing in infrastructure, education, and healthcare, are critical for attracting more FDI to Bangladesh.
Determinants of Foreign Direct Investment in BangladeshJahid Khan Rahat
Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) is a crucial factor in the economic development of any country. Bangladesh has made significant progress in attracting FDI in recent years, but there is still room for improvement. This report aims to identify the determinants of FDI in Bangladesh and make recommendations for policymakers.
The report analyses the economic, political, and social factors that influence FDI in Bangladesh. The economic factors include market size, labour costs, infrastructure, and natural resources. The political factors include political stability, government policies, and regulations. The social factors include the quality of education, health care, and living standards.
The analysis shows that the most significant determinants of FDI in Bangladesh are political stability, government policies, and regulations. Investors are attracted to countries with stable political environments and favourable government policies that support investment. Bangladesh has made some progress in these areas, but there is still room for improvement.
Other factors that influence FDI in Bangladesh include market size, infrastructure, labour costs, and natural resources. Bangladesh has a large and growing market, but infrastructure remains a significant challenge. Labour costs are low in Bangladesh, which is attractive to investors, but there is a need for improvement in the quality of the workforce. Bangladesh also has natural resources, such as gas and coal, that are attractive to investors.
Based on the analysis, the report recommends that the government of Bangladesh focus on improving political stability and creating a more favourable investment climate. This includes reducing corruption, improving the legal system, and providing incentives for foreign investors. The government should also invest in infrastructure, education, and healthcare to improve the quality of life for its citizens and attract more investment.
In conclusion, Bangladesh has significant potential to attract FDI, but there are challenges that need to be addressed. Improving political stability, government policies, and regulations, as well as investing in infrastructure, education, and healthcare, are critical for attracting more FDI to Bangladesh.
Analysis of Financial Market Securities in Bangladesh: Current Status, Challe...Jahid Khan Rahat
This report presents an analysis of the financial market securities in Bangladesh, focusing on
the current status, challenges, and prospects for future growth. The study was conducted
through a comprehensive review of secondary sources, including published reports, academic
studies, and industry publications.
The report highlights that the Bangladeshi financial market has experienced significant growth
in recent years, driven by a stable macroeconomic environment and supportive government policies. The market has seen an influx of new investors and increased participation from
institutional investors, leading to increased liquidity and trading volumes. However, the report also identifies several challenges that could potentially limit the growth of the financial market. These include a lack of regulatory oversight, limited product diversity, and low levels of financial literacy among the general public. Despite these challenges, the report also identifies several prospects for future growth in the financial market, including the potential for increased foreign investment, the development of new financial products, and the expansion of digital platforms.
Overall, the report concludes that the Bangladeshi financial market is well-positioned for future
growth but requires careful attention to address the challenges it faces. Policymakers,
regulators, and market participants all have a role to play in ensuring the sustainability and
development of the financial market in Bangladesh.
Analysis of Financial Market Securities in Bangladesh: Current Status, Chal...Jahid Khan Rahat
This report presents an analysis of the financial market securities in Bangladesh, focusing on
the current status, challenges, and prospects for future growth. The study was conducted
through a comprehensive review of secondary sources, including published reports, academic
studies, and industry publications.
The report highlights that the Bangladeshi financial market has experienced significant growth
in recent years, driven by a stable macroeconomic environment and supportive government policies. The market has seen an influx of new investors and increased participation from
institutional investors, leading to increased liquidity and trading volumes. However, the report also identifies several challenges that could potentially limit the growth of the financial market. These include a lack of regulatory oversight, limited product diversity, and low levels of financial literacy among the general public. Despite these challenges, the report also identifies several prospects for future growth in the financial market, including the potential for increased foreign investment, the development of new financial products, and the expansion of digital platforms.
Overall, the report concludes that the Bangladeshi financial market is well-positioned for future
growth but requires careful attention to address the challenges it faces. Policymakers,
regulators, and market participants all have a role to play in ensuring the sustainability and
development of the financial market in Bangladesh.
Working Capital Management Practice and its Impact on Chemical Industry Per...Jahid Khan Rahat
Working capital management is a crucial aspect of financial management for any business,
including the chemical industry in Bangladesh. Effective management of working capital helps ensure that a company has the necessary liquidity to meet its short-term obligations and pursue
its growth objectives.
In the chemical industry, working capital management practices can have a significant impact
on the performance of firms. This is because the industry is characterized by high fixed costs,
long production cycles, and a high degree of inventory and accounts receivable. Therefore,
effective management of working capital can lead to improved profitability, increased
efficiency, and better cash flow management.
In Bangladesh, the chemical industry is an important sector of the economy, contributing
significantly to industrial growth and employment. The sector has experienced rapid expansion
in recent years, with new entrants and increased competition. However, many firms in the
industry face challenges related to working capital management, including inadequate financing options, high inventory levels, and slow collections from customers.
To address these challenges, chemical firms in Bangladesh can adopt several working capital
management practices, such as optimizing inventory levels, improving collections from
customers, and negotiating better payment terms with suppliers. These practices can help improve the cash conversion cycle and increase the firm's liquidity, which can lead to improved
financial performance.
In addition, chemical firms can also leverage technology and automation to improve their
working capital management practices. For instance, they can use software to monitor inventory levels and streamline the collection process, reducing the risk of inventory stockouts
and late payments from customers.
Overall, effective working capital management is essential for the success of chemical firms in
Bangladesh. By adopting best practices and leveraging technology, firms can improve their financial performance and maintain a competitive edge in the market.
The purpose of this paper is to outline the events that happened in that era such that we can find Leader’s impact, significant events, innovations. These findings will help us better understanding the era from 1371 AD to 1720 AD.
Timeline of Human History & Leaders (1071 AD - 1370 AD)Jahid Khan Rahat
This content is all about the history of previous leaders. Here we can know about the mistake that was made by those previous leader and their raise and fall. In fact, we can know about the legacy and contribution of the leader. Here we know about the leader of 1171 AD to 1370AD.
This presentation is all about the leader of 1 AD to 569 AD. Here all influential leader are included in the timeline of -569AD. In fact, the raise and fall reason of those leader is described the content. In addition, the legacy and contribution of the leader also included in this presentation.
This content is all about the history of previous leaders. Here we can know about the mistake that was made by those previous leader and their raise and fall. In fact, we can know about the legacy and contribution of the leader.
Effectiveness of Online Education in Public and Private Universities of DhakaJahid Khan Rahat
This research proposal is made for academic purpose. It shows that how COVID-19 can change our education system. In Bangladesh, higher education is transforming online from traditional classroom.
Malcolm X was an American Muslim minister and human rights activist who was a prominent
figure during the civil rights movement. A spokesman for the Nation of Islam until 1964, he was
a vocal advocate for Black empowerment and the promotion of Islam within the Black community.
Malcolm X was an American Muslim minister and human rights activist who was a prominent
figure during the civil rights movement. A spokesman for the Nation of Islam until 1964, he was
a vocal advocate for Black empowerment and the promotion of Islam within the Black community.
Competitive Priorities of Bangladesh Road Transport Authority (BRTA)Jahid Khan Rahat
Bangladesh Road Transport Authority (BRTA) is a regulatory body established to control, manage and ensure discipline in the road transport sector and road safety related areas in Bangladesh. This term paper has objective to measure the satisfaction level of BRTA by evaluating service quality, feasibility, cost and volume of its services. BRTC, the sole State-Owned Enterprise (SOE) in road transport sector, needs to be infused with skill, fair sense of discipline and dynamism for its efficient management to play stronger and more strategic role. The Government has already set out comprehensive policy purporting to project its functional and virtual profile as transparent, readily responsive and Client welfare oriented. Under the framework of the policy, the most of the customers are dissatisfied from BRTA service. So, it must be improved to get better satisfaction level.
Competitive Priorities of Bangladesh Road Transport Authority (BRTA)Jahid Khan Rahat
Bangladesh Road Transport Authority (BRTA) is a regulatory body established to control, manage and ensure discipline in the road transport sector and road safety related areas in Bangladesh. This term paper has objective to measure the satisfaction level of BRTA by
evaluating service quality, feasibility, cost and volume of its services.
BRTC, the sole State-Owned Enterprise (SOE) in road transport sector, needs to be infused with skill, fair sense of discipline and dynamism for its efficient management to play stronger
and more strategic role.The Government has already set out comprehensive policy purporting to project its functional and virtual profile as transparent, readily responsive and Client welfare oriented. Under the framework of the policy, the most of the customers are dissatisfied from BRTA service. So, it must be improved to get better satisfaction level.
Characterization and the Kinetics of drying at the drying oven and with micro...Open Access Research Paper
The objective of this work is to contribute to valorization de Nephelium lappaceum by the characterization of kinetics of drying of seeds of Nephelium lappaceum. The seeds were dehydrated until a constant mass respectively in a drying oven and a microwawe oven. The temperatures and the powers of drying are respectively: 50, 60 and 70°C and 140, 280 and 420 W. The results show that the curves of drying of seeds of Nephelium lappaceum do not present a phase of constant kinetics. The coefficients of diffusion vary between 2.09.10-8 to 2.98. 10-8m-2/s in the interval of 50°C at 70°C and between 4.83×10-07 at 9.04×10-07 m-8/s for the powers going of 140 W with 420 W the relation between Arrhenius and a value of energy of activation of 16.49 kJ. mol-1 expressed the effect of the temperature on effective diffusivity.
Willie Nelson Net Worth: A Journey Through Music, Movies, and Business Venturesgreendigital
Willie Nelson is a name that resonates within the world of music and entertainment. Known for his unique voice, and masterful guitar skills. and an extraordinary career spanning several decades. Nelson has become a legend in the country music scene. But, his influence extends far beyond the realm of music. with ventures in acting, writing, activism, and business. This comprehensive article delves into Willie Nelson net worth. exploring the various facets of his career that have contributed to his large fortune.
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Introduction
Willie Nelson net worth is a testament to his enduring influence and success in many fields. Born on April 29, 1933, in Abbott, Texas. Nelson's journey from a humble beginning to becoming one of the most iconic figures in American music is nothing short of inspirational. His net worth, which estimated to be around $25 million as of 2024. reflects a career that is as diverse as it is prolific.
Early Life and Musical Beginnings
Humble Origins
Willie Hugh Nelson was born during the Great Depression. a time of significant economic hardship in the United States. Raised by his grandparents. Nelson found solace and inspiration in music from an early age. His grandmother taught him to play the guitar. setting the stage for what would become an illustrious career.
First Steps in Music
Nelson's initial foray into the music industry was fraught with challenges. He moved to Nashville, Tennessee, to pursue his dreams, but success did not come . Working as a songwriter, Nelson penned hits for other artists. which helped him gain a foothold in the competitive music scene. His songwriting skills contributed to his early earnings. laying the foundation for his net worth.
Rise to Stardom
Breakthrough Albums
The 1970s marked a turning point in Willie Nelson's career. His albums "Shotgun Willie" (1973), "Red Headed Stranger" (1975). and "Stardust" (1978) received critical acclaim and commercial success. These albums not only solidified his position in the country music genre. but also introduced his music to a broader audience. The success of these albums played a crucial role in boosting Willie Nelson net worth.
Iconic Songs
Willie Nelson net worth is also attributed to his extensive catalog of hit songs. Tracks like "Blue Eyes Crying in the Rain," "On the Road Again," and "Always on My Mind" have become timeless classics. These songs have not only earned Nelson large royalties but have also ensured his continued relevance in the music industry.
Acting and Film Career
Hollywood Ventures
In addition to his music career, Willie Nelson has also made a mark in Hollywood. His distinctive personality and on-screen presence have landed him roles in several films and television shows. Notable appearances include roles in "The Electric Horseman" (1979), "Honeysuckle Rose" (1980), and "Barbarosa" (1982). These acting gigs have added a significant amount to Willie Nelson net worth.
Television Appearances
Nelson's char
Natural farming @ Dr. Siddhartha S. Jena.pptxsidjena70
A brief about organic farming/ Natural farming/ Zero budget natural farming/ Subash Palekar Natural farming which keeps us and environment safe and healthy. Next gen Agricultural practices of chemical free farming.
"Understanding the Carbon Cycle: Processes, Human Impacts, and Strategies for...MMariSelvam4
The carbon cycle is a critical component of Earth's environmental system, governing the movement and transformation of carbon through various reservoirs, including the atmosphere, oceans, soil, and living organisms. This complex cycle involves several key processes such as photosynthesis, respiration, decomposition, and carbon sequestration, each contributing to the regulation of carbon levels on the planet.
Human activities, particularly fossil fuel combustion and deforestation, have significantly altered the natural carbon cycle, leading to increased atmospheric carbon dioxide concentrations and driving climate change. Understanding the intricacies of the carbon cycle is essential for assessing the impacts of these changes and developing effective mitigation strategies.
By studying the carbon cycle, scientists can identify carbon sources and sinks, measure carbon fluxes, and predict future trends. This knowledge is crucial for crafting policies aimed at reducing carbon emissions, enhancing carbon storage, and promoting sustainable practices. The carbon cycle's interplay with climate systems, ecosystems, and human activities underscores its importance in maintaining a stable and healthy planet.
In-depth exploration of the carbon cycle reveals the delicate balance required to sustain life and the urgent need to address anthropogenic influences. Through research, education, and policy, we can work towards restoring equilibrium in the carbon cycle and ensuring a sustainable future for generations to come.
UNDERSTANDING WHAT GREEN WASHING IS!.pdfJulietMogola
Many companies today use green washing to lure the public into thinking they are conserving the environment but in real sense they are doing more harm. There have been such several cases from very big companies here in Kenya and also globally. This ranges from various sectors from manufacturing and goes to consumer products. Educating people on greenwashing will enable people to make better choices based on their analysis and not on what they see on marketing sites.
WRI’s brand new “Food Service Playbook for Promoting Sustainable Food Choices” gives food service operators the very latest strategies for creating dining environments that empower consumers to choose sustainable, plant-rich dishes. This research builds off our first guide for food service, now with industry experience and insights from nearly 350 academic trials.
1. Assignment
On
Environmental Science
Course Code : GED209
Topic : Brick Production: Transformation to Clean
Environment
Section : 01
Submitted To:
Joy Bhowmik
Department of General Education
Submitted By:
Name : Jahid Khan Rahat
ID : 171011211
Submission Date:
14/03/2020
2. Brick Production: Transformation to Clean Environment
In Bangladesh Eco-friendly bricks are gaining popularity. Traditional bricks manufacturing process
replaced by green production process to mitigate environmental damage. As the conventional brick
manufacturing process has lots of carbon emission, it hampered environmental sustainability.
Bangladesh has introduced green brick production technology to reduce the environment since 2000.
This is called green brick production process due to low carbon emissions. The production process can
be reduce carbon emissions approximately 90%, so this is a good way of mitigation.
Basic Overview of Brick Production
Bangladesh has 160 million population and it increasing rapidly. Every year around 400,000 people
migrate Dhaka from rural area. The growing population need shelter and for making new houses every
year our country need 8.6 Billion bricks. In the table some basic information is noted.
Basic Overview
Brick Industry growth rate 5.3%
Brick Industry carbon emission 50.39 Million Metric Tons ( mn MT)
Carbon emission due to backdate technology 6 Million Metric Tons ( mn MT)
Bangladesh Rank for carbon emission 172
Raw material Silica (sandy soil) - 50% to 60%
Alumina (clay soil) - 20% to 30%
Others Material – 10% to 20%
Fuel Wood, sulphur coal and the burning of tires.
Picture of Green Manufacturing Industry
The mixture machine
Bricks are being remove moisturiser Coal for holding fire
3. Green Brick Production Process
United Nations Development Programme (UNDP) is develop an energy efficient brick manufacturing
technology which is known as Hybrid Hoffman Kiln (HHK).Basically the process strictly follow 3’R which
is Reduce, Reuse and Recycle. In this process, the carbon that is produced from brick kilns is used to
remove moisturizers. Moreover the brick size is given by the automatic machine so that all bricks are
the same size. The green bricks process has important aspects because it always maintain quality of
bricks. All the steps in the production process are interconnected. If one step is not done properly, the
quality of the brick is interrupted.
• Reduce Carbon Emission
• Reduce Fuel 32% than traditonal process
• Reduce human effort by techonology
Reduce
• Carbon can be reuse to remove moisturiser
• Waste raw material reuse for make concrete
Reuse
• Defected bricks are use to produce new bricks
Recycle
The machine drag carbon form kilns
The bricks are being kept on kilns Ready Bricks
4. Achieving Sustainable Development Goal (SDGs)
Bangladesh has achieving sustainable goal for meeting Agenda 2030. Green bricks production can help
to achieve the goal.
SDG’s
SDG 3 Good Health and Well-Being The bricks manufacturing company ensure good working
environment for their employee. Moreover they provide
medical check-up for all employee.
SDG 5 Gender Equality The green brick industry has equal opportunity for both
man and woman. On the hand the proportion of man
and woman employee is almost similar.
SDG 6 Clean Water and Sanitation The industry has a decent system for disposing polluted
water. They do not dump the water into rivers. The use
the water for mixturing soil.
SDG 8 Decent Work and Economic
Growth
Eco-friendly bricks production is one of the decent
production. However it is contribute our GDP growth
because around 30% bricks industry cover-up by green
bricks production.
SDG 11 Sustainable Cities and
Community
Eco-Bricks has basic target to provide a sustainable
environment by reducing carbon footprint. In fact air
quality must be improve if there is low carbon footprint.
SDG 12 Responsible Production and
Consumption Pattern
Green Bricks production has minimum amount of carbon
emission and resources use. The bricks required
approximately 32% less coal which is very efficient bricks
production.
SDG 13 Climate Action Greenhouse gas is one of the major factor for climate
change. Green bricks has low greenhouse gas emission
which means it is not responsible of climate change.
Cost and advantage of Green Bricks
Green bricks has some advantages so our country is shifting traditional bricks to green bricks
production.
Green Brick Traditional Brick
Establishment of Brick field 7 to 10 Crores Taka 1 Crore Taka
Price of Brick 7.50 Taka (Per Brick) 5.50 to 5.80 Taka (Per Brick)
Production Capacity 2 Crores (Per Year) 2 Crores (Per Year)
Coal Needed 7.8 to 8 ton (for 100,000 Bricks) 23 ton (for 100,000 Bricks)
Problems of Green Bricks Production
Although green brick production has enormous environmental benefits, there are some problems
with expanding the business.
a. VAT rate
Traditional bricks manufacturing company pay their VAT around 150,000 taka with three instalment.
On the other hand green bricks manufacturing company have to pay 0.30 taka per bricks. Government
5. has tendency that people who use green bricks are usually rich so they are capable to pay high amount
of VAT.
b. High price of Bricks
Traditional bricks are found cheaper price than green bricks. In our consumption pattern most of the
people are comfortable to buy cheaper product. As a result green bricks are facing straggle to get the
market.
c. Initial Investment
Green brick manufacturing industry is very expensive project. It requires 7th
time more investment
than traditional bricks industry. In general Bangladesh is a developing country so investment such a
huge amount is a big challenge.
d. Lack of Experience Employee
Green bricks production requires high technological knowledge. In Bangladesh there is lots of human
resources but we do not have efficient employee.
Solution
Bangladesh government take initiative steps for make our bricks industry more effective. Government
always encourage manufacturer for shifting green bricks production.
a. Government Project
In recent year, government make a rules which impose all the government project must be use green
bricks. As a result traditional bricks kilns are replayed by green bricks.
b. Government subsidy
Government provide subsidy 0.15 taka per green brick in tax. Moreover, 2 years after establishment
of the company manufacture has tax relief.
Conclusion
The development of low carbon technology are inspired by both public and private sectors. It has a
significant impact on the economic growth of Bangladesh. However, Investment low carbon
technology is not simple because here we need lots of investment. Fortunately, our country is
transforming green bricks technology from traditional bricks production technology. It has been
predicted that after 2030 there is no traditional bricks factory. All the bricks kilns are replaced by green
bricks technology.
6. References
The Daily Ittefaq. (2019, August 30). Deal to reduce carbon omission from brickfield.
Retrieved From http://www.carbonoffsetsdaily.com/newschannels/ asia/deal-to-reduce-
carbon-omission-from-brickfield-11219.htm
The Daily Star. (2018, April 20). Brick kilns burn firewood, destroying CHT forest. Retrieved
from http://www.thedailystar.net/newDesign/newsdetails. php?nid=182300