This document provides information on various historical leaders from 3500 BC to 569 AD. It discusses leaders from ancient civilizations like Mesopotamia, Egypt, India, Greece, Rome, and Persia. Key figures mentioned include King Sargon of Mesopotamia, Cyrus the Great of Persia who founded the Persian Empire, and Alexander the Great of Macedon who conquered much of the known world. The document also provides brief summaries of accomplishments and inventions of these early civilizations.

1. History of Leader
3500BC to 569 AD
Leadership

2. 3500 BC 569 AD
Ancient
Mesopotemia
3500-300 BC
Ancient Egypt
3000-300 BC
Ancient India
2700-550BC
Ancient Greek
800-50 BC
Ancient Rome
750 BC- 500 AD
Ancient Persian
550-330BC

3. “I am not afraid of an army of
lions led by a sheep; I am afraid of
an army of sheep led by a lion.”
—Alexander The Great

4. How a Civilization is Born

8. Ancient Mesopotemian Empire
King Sargon I (4000 BC)

9. Ancient Mesopotemian Inventions
60 Seconds 60 Minutes 360 Degree Angle
12 Months 7 Days

10. Ancient Mesopotemian Empire
Military conquest
of Cyrus The
Great in 539 BCE

14. Persian Empire
• Religious Tolerance
• Funding of public work
• Diplomacy

15. Persian Inventions
Standardized Weight Standardized Currency Standardized Measurement

16. Fall of Persia
Persian Invation of Greece in 480
BCE
Alexander The Great’s
Invation of Persia in 330 BCE

20. Ancient Egypt Civilization
Pharao Menes
2575 BCE

21. Ancient Egypt Civilization
King Menes
2575 BCE

22. Inventions of Ancient Egypt
• Mathematics and Written
Language
• Cubits Unit System
• 24 hour Days and 365 days a
Solar Year
• Hieroglyphics
• Hieratic

23. Fall of Egypt
Invation of Egypt by King Cambyses II of
Persia in 4th Century BCE Roman Invation in 30
BCE

27. Ancient Roman Empire
King Romulus (753-716BC)

28. Regal
753-510 BCE
Republican
509-29 BCE
Imperial
27BC-476AD
Major Governing Periods of Ancient
Rome

29. Inventions of Ancient
Rome

30. Fall of Ancient Rome
• Political Corruption
• Economic Crises
• Class Conflict
Internal Factors
• Invation
• Military Threat
External Factors

31. HAMMURABI
(1810-1750)BC

32. The sixth Amorite king of the old Babylonian Empire
Reigning from 1792 BC to 1750 BC

33. Early Life
Birth: 1810 BC
Hammurabi likely attended a school called the tablet
house. He also learned how to fight and lead an
army. He learned how to rule by watching his father
and listening to his advisors

34. Vision
• Mesopotamia Conquered

35. Vision
• Internal Developments and Architecture
• Protector of the Realm
• Urbanization
• Agricultural Development
• Classification of Society

36. Rule
• The Code of Hammurabi

37. Rule
• History’s first great political self-promoters
• Judged fairly and did not have to fear his power

38. Failure
• Failed to set up an effective bureaucratic system
• Fully engaged in wars during the last part of his reign
• Some historians and scholars think Hammurabi's laws were cruel
and unjust

39. Good things learn from him
• Mainlining Accountability
• Managing Risk
• Communicating the Standards

40. Death
He died about 1750 BC after 43 years of rule, with
the burden of government already being carried
by his son, Samsuiluna.

41. Tutankhamun
Aka. King tut
1341 BC – 1323 BC
Ruled c. 1332 – 1323 BC
Recognized chiefly for his intact
tomb discovered in 1922
Known for reforming the
political and religious chaos his
father created

42. Upper Egypt
Lower
Egypt
Western
Desert

43. As a great leader
Came to
throne at
the age of
Nine
01 02 03 04
Restorati
on of
universal
harmony
Horseback
riding,
hunting,
training in
military skills
No longer
having to
fear
interventio
n

44. Cyrus The Great
(590/580 BC -
529BC)

45. EARLY LIFE OF CYRUS
• Cyrus The Great was Born in
580/590 BC
• Cyrus The Great lived in Persia
• Cyrus father was the king of
Anshan
• When Cyrus turned 10, it was clear
he was noble born

46. ACHIEVEMENTS OF CYRUS
• Cyrus The Great created the “Cyrus
Cylinder” and it was called “the first
declaration of human rights.”
• He made the Iranian people unite under 1
ruler for the first time ever.
• Cyrus The Great founded one of the
largest empires in the world.
• He conquered vast territories, like modern
day Turkey and modern-day Oman

47. THE CYRUS CYLINDER

48. Conquests
Median Empire
• Cyrus occupied the capital at Sardis,
conquering the Lydian kingdom in 546 BC
• He conquered Lydia and took, then used
their wealth
• The first place he conquered
was the Median Empire
• The was held (553-550BC)
• He destroyed The Ruler of the
Medes
Lydian Empire and Asia
Minor
Neo-Babylonian Empire
• Cyrus the great was very well known for his great
military, planning, and his knowledge
• The conflict had begun possibly in the winter of 540 BC
• On 29 October, Cyrus himself entered the city of
Babylon

49. When he conquered, he treated his
enemy respectfully. Some even
thought of him as a father figure
Legacies
PHILANTHROPIST GRACIOUS
TRUE LEADER RELIGIOUS
He freed the Jews who were exiled
from Babylon
To the people he led, he was a
father figure
He is heralded to be "Gods
Anointed One" in the old
testament

50. When he conquered, he treated his
enemy respectfully. Some even
thought of him as a father figure
Legacies
PHILANTHROPIST GRACIOUS
TRUE LEADER RELIGIOUS
He freed the Jews who were exiled
from Babylon
To the people he led, he was a
father figure
He is heralded to be "Gods
Anointed One" in the old
testament

51. “Having Knowledge but lacking the
power to express it clearly is no
better than never having any ideas at
all.”
—Pericles

52.  Born in 495 B.C
 From a powerful, political family
 Intelligent, an inspiring speaker & a skilled politician
 Soon became a great leader of Athens
 Fought Persians at Salamis
 Came to power after Cimon ostracized from Athens
 Elected strategies – in charge of military
 Turned the Delian league into an Athenian empire
At A GLANCE OF PERICLES

53. ESSENTIAL SKILLS IN PERICLES LEADERSHIP
-illustrates certain
innovations in the
classical Greek
conception of intellect
and action.
MOVE
Pericles was motivated to
move decisively to war
VISION
-wanted Athens to be the
greatest city-state in the
entire Greek world.
COURAGE
ROLE
-responsible for the full
development, in the later 5th
century BCE, of both the Athenian
democracy and the Athenian
empire, making Athens the
political and cultural focus of
Greece.
03
04
01
02

54. DEMOCRACY IN ATHENS
Direct Democracy
Three Branches
Athens
18 & older males
Made executive Decisions- to war,
grant citizenship, some legislating,
some trials
Assembly
The executive committee for the Assembly
Severed for 1 year, the presidency rotated
monthly administration to the state –
treasury, foreign issues
The Council (of
500)
Jurors picked from a pool of
6000 people over 30, full
citizens Trials- representing
the voice of the people
The Courts

55. Pericles
 First Peloponnesian War (460-445 BC)
o Battle in Sicyon ( 454 BC)
o Second Sacred War ( 448 BC)
o Expulsion of barbarians from Gallipoli ( 447 BC)
 Samian War
( 440BC-439 BC)
-Athens Vs Samos
Second Peloponnesian War
( 431 BC- 429 BC)

56. while Pericles was trying to beautify
Athens, he was using money essentially
stolen from the Delian League's
treasury, which he had said would be
used to defend Athens from Persia and
Sparta.
Good lessons of
leadership from
Pericles
 There will always be haters
 Be innovative
 Be different and own it!
 Have the end prize in mind!
 “We do not imitate, but are a model to
others”.
 “Better die standing than live kneeling”.
 Endure, endure, endure!
Mistake in Pericles’s
leadership

57. “The pessimist complains about
the wind. The optimist expects it
to change. The leader adjusts the
sails.”
—John Maxwell

58. CHANDRAGUPTA
MAURYA
(Reign 321-297 BC)

59. Born on 340 BCE.
He was the son of Surya Gupta.
He was married with Durdhara.
Their son “Bindhusara” further
expanded the emprire.
BACKGROUND

60. FEATURES OF THE TOPIC
SPECIAL TRAIT
EMERGENCE INFLUENCE
RISE TO POWER
03
04
01
02

61. ACHIEVEMEN
T
LEGACY
0
5
06

63. Was he a good leader or bad leader ?

64. Octavian Augustus

65. Caesar Augustus
● 63 BC-14 AD
● Octavian was winner of 18
years civil war
● Designated heir of Julius
Caesar
● Was of the family of
Caesar (adopted) so he
took the name Caesar

66. 4
Augustus

67. 6

68. Caesar Augustus
Accomplishments
● Increased Rome’s Wealth
● Transformed The City Of Rome From
Ancient To Modern
● Built A Large Road System
● Established Police & Firefighter

69. Caesar Augustus
Accomplishments
● Many new European lands conquered
● Established Peace
● Standard currency system
● Effective financial system

70. Construction Projects
Temple of Caesar Baths of Agrippa

71. Construction Projects
Forum of Augustus Built 82 Temples in a Year

72. WhatmakesAugustus A GREAT
LEADER?

73. GOLDEN AGE

74. End of lengthy CIVIL
WARS
200 years of PEACE
Ending in 180 C.E.

75. Leadership lessons from
Caesar Augustus
Grab the
opportunities
Be prepared
to change
yourself
Focus on the
job
Success has
a price
Don't
romanticize
leadership

76. JESUS CRIST
Name: Prophet Eesa(Peace upon him)
Mother: Mary, Mariyam-Daughter of Prophet Imran
Last Prophet Before Mohammad( Saaw)
Last Messenger of Bani Israel
He Bought the Injil, also known as the Bible by the order of Allah
By Roman Army, he was sentenced to crucified to Death
Why He Was a GOOD LEADER?

77. Trajan
98-117 AD

78. EARLY LIFE
• Born on September 18th , 53 AD in the Roman
province of Hispania Baetica (now known as
Spain).

79. Rise to Power
• Began his career in the Roman army.
• 76-77 AD: nominated as consul.
• 97 AD : made the adoptive son & the successor of
the current emperor, Nerva, in order to improve
Nerva’s standing with the army.
• 98 AD : Became the 13th Roman Emperor.

80. Vision
Trajan had a vision for his
empire, to conquer a number of
areas in an effort to expand his
territories.

81. Wars Against Dacia
• 101 AD: Battle of Tapae.
• 102 AD: Battle of Adamclisi.
• 105 AD: Battle of Sarmizegetusa.
• The Dacian wars were commemorated in Trajan’s column, which still stands in
Rome today.

83. Welfare Programme
● Trajan created a welfare
programme called Alimenta
that provided funds, food &
subsidized education to the
orphans & poor children of
Italy.

84. Building Projects
● Complex including Trajan’s Forum, Trajan’s Market & Trajan’s Column.
● Alcantara Bridge in Spain.
● Roads in Italia & Hispania.
Alcantara Bridge Trajan’s Column Ruin’s of Trajan’s Market

85. Wars against
Parthia
● 113 AD : Parthia placed an unacceptable king on the throne of Armenia.
Roman army marched on Armenia, removed the newly appointed king &
annexed Armenia as a Roman Province.
● 115 AD : Roman army took two northern Mesopotamian cities & Trajan
began organizing a province in Mesopotamia.
● 116 AD : Roman army captured Babylon, Seleucia & Parthian capital of
Ctesiphon. Babylon was made a new province & Trajan declared the
conflict to be over.

87. Death and Succession
● During the Parthian conflict,
Trajan grew ill.
● August 9th 117 AD : Trajan
died of Edema.
● Trajan’s adoptive son, Hadrian,
became emperor on August
10th 117 AD.

88. Leadership lessons from Trajan
1. Perseverance 4.Be innovative
3. Create a compelling
vision
5.Treat those around
you with respect
2. Good Administrative
power

89. 306- 337 CE
Constantine the
Great

91. Birth
Flavious Constantius
272 CE
Father
Death
337 CE

92. Constantine served with
distinction under the Roman
emperors Diocletian and
Galerius
Constantine began his career by
Campaigning in the eastern
provinces
Early Rule

93. Rise to Emperor
Western Empire
Great civil war of 324 CE against
Licinius
Battle of Milvian Bridge outside
Rome in 312 CE against Maxentius
Eastern Empire

94. Contributions
Administrativ
e Reforms
Religious
Policy
Monetary
Reforms
Edict of Milan
Foundation
of
Constantinop
le Reversing the pro-
equestrian trend
01 02 03 04

96. Edict of
Milan

97. Later Campaigns
Campaign against
Persia
332 CE
Constantine
campaigned with
the Sarmatians against
the Goths
336 CE
334 CE
Sarmatian
commoners had
overthrown their
leaders and
Constantine gained
control
03
01
02

98. Legacy
Hailed as
Saint
Spreading
Christianity
01 02 03
Abolition of
Tetrarchy

99. What can we learn from Constantine the
Great?

100. THANK YOU