CRITICIZING THE POETRY OF THE SUN BY: W.S. RENDRA"Sun Poetry" by W.S. Rendra invites readers to enter the world of sun metaphors from various points of view. This poem opens by describing the presence of the sun as the "ruler" of the sky who illuminates all darkness. Rendra chose words rich in symbolism to create a powerful and meaningful image of the sun. This poem also explores the relationship between the sun and everyday life. Rendra highlighted humans' relationship with the sun as a source of energy and life. In his description, he describes the sun as supporting the continuity of the universe, providing light and warmth which is essential for life. However, not only as a source of goodness, Rendra also highlights the contradictory side of the sun. This poem discusses the burning and sweltering feelings that humans may feel during the journey of life. Through this metaphor, the poet reflects the challenges and difficulties that may be encountered in the human journey. The use of profound language and creative word choices provide a new dimension to the interpretation of this poem. Rendra conveys nuances of the majesty of the sun, but also presents complex layers that encourage readers to ponder deeper meanings.In the next few paragraphs, readers are invited to understand the differences between sunlight in the morning and at dusk. Rendra uses this change in time to depict the cycle of life, from awakening to darkness. This poem becomes a kind of symbolic journey through time and human experience. Rendra also combines natural and human elements, building a close relationship between the two. Through the image of the sun, he creates the impression that the universe and humans are interconnected, influence each other, and synergize in sustainable existence. This poem also evokes a sense of concern for the environment and sustainability. Rendra carefully creates an analogy between the sun as the source of life and our responsibility to maintain natural harmony. In some parts, "Sun Poetry" enters the realm of spirituality. Rendra opens a window of eternity and majesty involving the sun. This invites readers to reflect on human existence in a broader context. This poem also creates a contrast between the sun which seems eternal and human limitations. Rendra invites readers to see to what extent humans are able to achieve immortality or whether limitation itself is an inseparable part of human existence.

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CRITICIZING THE POETRY OF THE SUN
BY: W.S. RENDRA
ARRANGED BY:
Jorgina Fatima Antunes dos Santos Cameirao Ataide
1612200101
ENGLISH LITERATURE EDUCATION PROGRAM
FACULTY OF HUMANITIES
UNIVERSITY 17 AUGUST 1945 SURABAYA
2024

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1. Introduction
"Sun Poetry" by W.S. Rendra invites readers to enter the world of sun metaphors from
various points of view. This poem opens by describing the presence of the sun as the "ruler" of the
sky who illuminates all darkness. Rendra chose words rich in symbolism to create a powerful and
meaningful image of the sun. This poem also explores the relationship between the sun and
everyday life. Rendra highlighted humans' relationship with the sun as a source of energy and life.
In his description, he describes the sun as supporting the continuity of the universe, providing light
and warmth which is essential for life. However, not only as a source of goodness, Rendra also
highlights the contradictory side of the sun. This poem discusses the burning and sweltering
feelings that humans may feel during the journey of life. Through this metaphor, the poet reflects
the challenges and difficulties that may be encountered in the human journey. The use of profound
language and creative word choices provide a new dimension to the interpretation of this poem.
Rendra conveys nuances of the majesty of the sun, but also presents complex layers that encourage
readers to ponder deeper meanings.
In the next few paragraphs, readers are invited to understand the differences between sunlight
in the morning and at dusk. Rendra uses this change in time to depict the cycle of life, from
awakening to darkness. This poem becomes a kind of symbolic journey through time and human
experience. Rendra also combines natural and human elements, building a close relationship
between the two. Through the image of the sun, he creates the impression that the universe and
humans are interconnected, influence each other, and synergize in sustainable existence. This
poem also evokes a sense of concern for the environment and sustainability. Rendra carefully
creates an analogy between the sun as the source of life and our responsibility to maintain natural
harmony. In some parts, "Sun Poetry" enters the realm of spirituality. Rendra opens a window of
eternity and majesty involving the sun. This invites readers to reflect on human existence in a
broader context. This poem also creates a contrast between the sun which seems eternal and human
limitations. Rendra invites readers to see to what extent humans are able to achieve immortality or
whether limitation itself is an inseparable part of human existence.
During this journey, Rendra strengthens his message through repetition of key words and
certain motifs. This creates rhythm and cohesion in the poem, guiding the reader through a series
of deep reflections and experiences. The poet also presents elements of beauty in "Sun Poetry" by
choosing captivating words and beautiful images. This poem not only invites you to understand it

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intellectually, but also to enjoy it aesthetically. Overall, "Sun Poetry" is not just a literary work,
but a deep meditation on the meaning of life, the sustainability of nature, and human relationships
with greater powers. This poem invites readers to reflect, absorb and understand their existence in
the order of the universe.
2. Method
Poems, including "Sun Poems" by W.S. Rendra, generally does not involve formal research
methods such as scientific research. Poets tend to express their feelings, ideas and personal views
through creativity and imagination, not by collecting data or conducting analysis as in research
methods. However, we can "criticize" poetry by looking at the creative methods the poet uses.
Rendra probably observed the natural surroundings, pondered about life, and combined personal
experiences in the creation of this poetry. His poetic and artistic approach reflects more on
emotional and philosophical expression than the use of conventional research methods.
3. Results and Discussion
Sun Poetry – W.S. Renda
The sun rises from my heart.
Touching the surface of the great ocean.
The sun comes out of my mouth,
become a rainbow on the horizon.
Your face comes out of my forehead,
O you, poor woman!
your feet sink into the mud.
You expect a quarter bushel of rice,
and in the middle of the rice fields the landlord planted you!
One million bald men
out of the wilderness,
their bodies were covered in mud
and their heads flashed

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reflects sunlight.
Their eyes lit up
their bodies became embers
and they set the world on fire.
The sun is the orange chakra
which was removed by Krishna's hand.
He is your blessing and your curse,
yes, humanity!
W.S. Rendra's "Sajak Matahari" creates an enchanting and profound result through the use
of rich language and deep metaphors. This poem takes the reader on a complex journey, giving
rise to various layers of meaning that invite deep reflection. The first result can be observed from
the use of the image of the sun as the "ruler" of the sky. This provides a strong visual force and
introduces the theme of domination and majesty. Readers feel amazed by the poet's courage to
explore the nature of the sun in a poetic way. Furthermore, the result of this work lies in Rendra's
play on words and skill in describing contradiction of the sun. This poem not only depicts the sun
as a source of life but also touches on its blazing aspects that can provide challenges. The result is
a balanced and complex depiction of the sun's existence. Through the repetition of key words, such
as "sun," "light," and "hot," Rendra succeeded in building an interesting rhythm and strengthening
the main messages. The reader is accompanied in this repetitive plot, creating a sense of repetition
that blends with the theme of the continuity of nature and life.
Discussion of the results of this poem involves an exploration of the concept of time. The
change in sunlight from morning to dusk is used to create a symbolic narrative about the cycle of
human life. This illustrates Rendra's deep understanding of the relationship between time and life.
This poem also succeeds in creating a strong contrast between goodness and contradiction in the
nature of the sun. This provides a dramatic dimension and complexity to the poem, inviting the
reader to reflect on the complex relationship between life and challenges. In the context of the
results and discussion, it is important to highlight the role of the motif of spirituality and
immortality in this poem. Rendra opens the door to eternity and majesty involving the sun, inviting
readers to reflect on human existence in a broader context. The results of this work also create a

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deep understanding of the relationship between humans and nature. Through the image of the sun,
Rendra depicts the close relationship between humans and the universe, providing a message of
harmony that is relevant to current environmental issues. The use of abstract and symbolic
language enriches the results of this poetry. Carefully chosen words leave room for diverse
interpretations. This creates beauty in its complexity, allowing readers to find their own personal
meaning in each line.
The discussion regarding the role of time also creates a philosophical dimension in the
results of this poem. Rendra opens up space to reflect on human existence in the cycle of life,
raising questions about eternity and the meaning of life. By using repetition and repetition of
words, the poet manages to produce a deep rhythmic effect. This highlights Rendra's expertise in
creating a structure that involves the reader in a more intense poetry experience. The discussion
about the differences between sunlight in the morning and at dusk adds a psychological nuance to
the resulting poetry. It invites readers to reflect on life's journey and accept its complexities with
wisdom. The result creates a balance between aesthetic beauty and philosophical depth. The use
of beautiful language and creative word choices make this poem not only a literary work, but also
a meditation on the meaning of life and the relationship between humans and nature. In its entirety,
"Sun Poems" by W.S. Rendra produces interesting and profound works. Readers are invited to
absorb the rich meaning in each line, creating a reading experience that enriches understanding of
life, time and human existence.
Criticism of the Content of Poetry
The poem "Sun Poetry" by W.S. Renda creates a powerful and complex image of the sun, weaving
together various natural and social elements to convey the message. Here are some aspects that
can be criticized:
1. Sun Metaphor
The use of the sun as a metaphor gives a poetic dimension to the poem, but can become
too abstract. A criticism may point to the need to further explain or clarify the symbolic
meaning to make it easier for readers to understand.

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2. Imagination and Creativity
This poem utilizes the poet's imagination and creativity in creating a picture of the sun and
its relationship with humans. However, some language may be too symbolic, which can
make it difficult for readers to understand.
3. Social Criticism
Rendra uses images of poor women and social inequality to convey his message. Criticism
may arise regarding the extent to which these images reflect social reality and whether
there is a risk of stereotyping in their depiction.
4. Use of Language
This poem uses beautiful language, but in some parts, the sentences may feel complex and
require in-depth understanding. Criticism can arise regarding the extent to which this
poetry is accessible to various levels of readers.
5. Tension and Contradiction
This poem creates tension and contradiction through the image of a bald man setting the
world on fire. Points of criticism may arise regarding the complexity of the message and
whether readers can relate these elements to the broader context.
6. Flow and Rhythm
The use of repetition and rhythm in this poem gives a deep impression, but criticism can
arise regarding the extent to which this rhythm supports or interferes with the overall
understanding of the poem.
7. Relationship with Religion
The use of the figure of Lord Krishna and religious aspects in poetry can be a subject of
criticism. Some readers may feel that these religious elements are not fully connected to
the overall theme or may give rise to varying interpretations.
It is important to remember that poetry criticism is subjective, and different interpretations can
arise from a variety of readers' backgrounds. Good criticism can help deepen understanding and
appreciation of literary works.
4. Conclusion
"Sun Poetry" by W.S. Rendra is a work of poetry that presents a richness of imagery and
meaning, combining natural and social elements into one poetic whole. The conclusion to this
poem illustrates the beauty and complexity of this literary work. First of all, the poet succeeds in

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creating a powerful metaphor by connecting the sun with various elements, such as the face of a
poor woman, mud, and a bald man. This creates a depth of meaning and a deep impression on the
reader. The use of rich and poetic language encourages readers to ponder deeper meanings. Rendra
combines words with his skill to create beautiful images, creating a stunning reading experience.
This poem shows Rendra's ability to use symbols and imagination effectively. The sun, as the
orange chakra, becomes a symbol of spiritual power and consciousness, released by Lord Krishna.
This brings a religious dimension to the poetry, creating an interesting contrast to the social reality
depicted in the poetry. The social criticism in this poem gives voice to inequality and injustice. The
image of poor women who have to face inequality and difficult basic needs raises reflections on
the social imbalances that still exist in society.
The depiction of the bald man setting the world on fire gives a contradictory dimension to
the poem. This creates the impression that the power possessed by humans can be a curse, inviting
readers to reflect on the responsibilities and consequences of human actions. The rhythm and use
of repetition provide deep rigor and tension. The repetition of certain words such as “sun” and
“scorching” creates a pattern that links the various parts of the poem, giving a sense of unity and
cohesion to the entire work. This poem invites the reader to engage emotionally and intellectually.
The messages in poetry enrich our understanding of humanity's relationship to nature, life, and the
greater greatness. The conclusion of "Sun Poems" is that this poem succeeded in creating a literary
work that combines the beauty of language with deep thoughts about human existence. Rendra
invites us to reflect on the meaning of life, social justice, and the complexity of human relationships
with nature. By presenting social criticism and spirituality through images of the sun, Rendra
succeeded in creating poetry that is not only aesthetically stunning, but also raises awareness and
reflection about the meaning of life. "Sun Poetry" is an evocative literary work, creating a deep
and lasting impression in the reader's mind.