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Igneous rocks form from cooling magma or lava, with examples being granite, pumice, obsidian and basalt. Sedimentary rocks form from compressed and cemented sediments derived from weathered rock, such as sandstone, limestone, shale and conglomerate. Metamorphic rocks change over time under intense heat and pressure from their original igneous or sedimentary state, becoming harder with examples including quartzite, marble and slate. Rocks experience different types of stress including compression, tension and shearing which change their shape and occur at convergent, divergent and transform plate boundaries.
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Rocks on Earth can be classified into three categories based.pdf
Rocks on Earth can be classified into three categories based on the way they were formed.
Igneous rocks are formed through volcanic action. Sedimentary recks are formed by deposition.
Metamorphic rocks are formed when existing rocks undergo a change due to extreme heat and
pressure. Rocks that have a volcanic origin are classifed as igneous and form when magma or lwa
cook and hardens. As the magma or lava cook; crystals begin to form. The size of the crystals
depends upon how fast the magma or lawa cools. If magma cools quickly, small crystals form and
can be observed on the rock surface, such as in basalt, for example. Lava can cool so quickly that
crystals do nothave time to form at all, such as with obsidian. If mogma cools slowly. larger
crystals form and can easily be seen on the surface of rock specimens. A common example of
igneous rock that exhibits large erystal formation is granite. When Earth's materials are deposited
in layers and pressed together over time, sedimentary rocks form. The formation of sedimentary
rock begins with the deposition of sediments. As layers are added, the oldest or lower layers that
were deposited first experience increased pressure. The sediments and the spaces between then
are crushed together in a process cal ied conpaction. During the cementation process, the
sediments are bound together when a solution fills in around the particles like glue. If the
rediments deposited are sand particles, such as in a beach environment, sandstone forms. If the
sediments are fine sit or clay-sited particles, commonly cal ed'mud;' such as those found in basins
worldwide, shaie forms, thestone typically forms from shells and other sediments deposited in
ocean environments. A quiet and undistubed ewironnent will sometimes lead to fossit formation
vithin the Layers of sedimentary deposition. Metamorphic rock forms when one type of rock
changes into another due to exposure to heat and pressure ofter cansed by morement of material
deep beneath Carthis surface. This change to rock appearance and cemposition takes an
entrenelylong tine. Metamorphle rocks are often characterized by wavy layers of mineral orytals or
by the presence of unusual mincrals. Any rock can become a metamorphic rock. For example, the
sedimentary rock ahule forms from layers of deposited sitt. When exposed to high pressure due to
scologic processes. the metamorphic rock slate forms. The sedimentary rock sandstone changes
to cuataite when exposed to extreme heat and pressure beneath Eath's surface. Another example
of a metamorphic rock is mable. which forms when limestone is exposed to extreme temperatures
or prescure. Igneous basalt changes to schikt in the metanorphic process. The interesting. thing
about the motamorplic nrocess is that any rock-igneous, metamorphic, or seclinentary-will change
and form now metamorphic rock given enough time, heat, andor pressure. The rock cycle
llustrates how rocks move on and under Earth's crust and change from one typ.
Earth and Life Science_Differences of Types of Rocks.docx
Differences of Types of Rocks
Rocks are found everywhere in the Earth surface or beneath land surface. There are three types of rocks the sedimentary, metamorphic, and igneous rocks. These rocks undergo rock cycle. During weathering and erosion these rocks on the earth surface are constantly being broken down and by wind and water.
Sedimentary rocks are formed sediment that is deposited over time, usually as layers at the bottom of lakes and oceans these sediments are the minerals, small pieces of plant and other organic matter, pre-existing rocks or pieces of remains of living organism that accumulate in Earth Surface. These sediments are compressed over a long period of time before they combine into solid layers of rocks. Sedimentary rocks cover most of the rocky Earth surface and less amount of the Earth’s crust. When these rocks are exposed to extreme heat caused by magma or by the intense collisions and friction of tectonic plates which lead to changes in their mineralogy and texture of the rock the Metamorphic rock is formed. Those rocks that are found beneath the Earth surface melts and become magma when a volcano erupts, magma flows out of it. (When magma is on the earth’s surface, it is called lava.) As the lava cools it hardens and becomes igneous rock. As soon as new igneous rock is formed, the processes of weathering and erosion begin, starting the whole cycle over again! Sedimentary structures include features like bedding, ripple marks, fossil tracks and trails, and mud cracks. Sandstone, rock salt and limestone are sedimentary rocks.
Metamorphic textures are salty, schistose, gneissose, granoblastic and Horn felsic. Anthracite and Marble are metamorphic rocks.
Igneous rocks usually hence no layering made up of two or more minerals and they are either glassy or coarse in appearance. Basalt, granite, pumice, obsidian are examples of igneous rocks.
Differences of Types of Rocks
Rocks are found everywhere in the Earth surface or beneath land surface. There are three types of rocks the sedimentary, metamorphic, and igneous rocks. These rocks undergo rock cycle. During weathering and erosion these rocks on the earth surface are constantly being broken down and by wind and water.
Sedimentary rocks are formed sediment that is deposited over time, usually as layers at the bottom of lakes and oceans these sediments are the minerals, small pieces of plant and other organic matter, pre-existing rocks or pieces of remains of living organism that accumulate in Earth Surface. These sediments are compressed over a long period of time before they combine into solid layers of rocks. Sedimentary rocks cover most of the rocky Earth surface and less amount of the Earth’s crust. When these rocks are exposed to extreme heat caused by magma or by the intense collisions and friction of tectonic plates which lead to changes in their mineralogy and texture of the rock the Metamorphic rock is formed. Those rocks that are found beneath the Earth surface
Introduction to Rocks - Classification and rock cycle.pdf
This presentation is related to engineering geology course, a mandatory module for civil engineering studies. These slides present some basic and introductory knowledge about rocks, their properties and classifications. The slides discuss about the geological classification of rocks addressing the processes which lead to formation of different types of rocks. Rocks types like igneous rocks, sedimentary rocks and metamorphic rocks are put to discussion and examples for each type provided. Similarly, various types of rocks based on their physical characters and arrangement of layers like stratified rocks, unstratified rocks and foliated rocks are bought under discussion and in the third section, the types of rocks based on chemical composition like calcareous rocks, siliceous rocks and argillaceous rocks are discussed.
In the last section, the rock cycle is being shed light on, which describes how rocks convert from one form to another under the action of external agents like temperature, pressure, erosion, weathering etc.
Slides are arranged in an orderly manner which makes it easy for the students to memorize the information presented within. Moreover, careful selection of color scheme makes the presentation visually appealing which increases the chance to grab the attention of students. These slides would be useful for students in preparing for their exams.
Recommended
Rocks on Earth can be classified into three categories based.pdf
Rocks on Earth can be classified into three categories based on the way they were formed.
Igneous rocks are formed through volcanic action. Sedimentary recks are formed by deposition.
Metamorphic rocks are formed when existing rocks undergo a change due to extreme heat and
pressure. Rocks that have a volcanic origin are classifed as igneous and form when magma or lwa
cook and hardens. As the magma or lava cook; crystals begin to form. The size of the crystals
depends upon how fast the magma or lawa cools. If magma cools quickly, small crystals form and
can be observed on the rock surface, such as in basalt, for example. Lava can cool so quickly that
crystals do nothave time to form at all, such as with obsidian. If mogma cools slowly. larger
crystals form and can easily be seen on the surface of rock specimens. A common example of
igneous rock that exhibits large erystal formation is granite. When Earth's materials are deposited
in layers and pressed together over time, sedimentary rocks form. The formation of sedimentary
rock begins with the deposition of sediments. As layers are added, the oldest or lower layers that
were deposited first experience increased pressure. The sediments and the spaces between then
are crushed together in a process cal ied conpaction. During the cementation process, the
sediments are bound together when a solution fills in around the particles like glue. If the
rediments deposited are sand particles, such as in a beach environment, sandstone forms. If the
sediments are fine sit or clay-sited particles, commonly cal ed'mud;' such as those found in basins
worldwide, shaie forms, thestone typically forms from shells and other sediments deposited in
ocean environments. A quiet and undistubed ewironnent will sometimes lead to fossit formation
vithin the Layers of sedimentary deposition. Metamorphic rock forms when one type of rock
changes into another due to exposure to heat and pressure ofter cansed by morement of material
deep beneath Carthis surface. This change to rock appearance and cemposition takes an
entrenelylong tine. Metamorphle rocks are often characterized by wavy layers of mineral orytals or
by the presence of unusual mincrals. Any rock can become a metamorphic rock. For example, the
sedimentary rock ahule forms from layers of deposited sitt. When exposed to high pressure due to
scologic processes. the metamorphic rock slate forms. The sedimentary rock sandstone changes
to cuataite when exposed to extreme heat and pressure beneath Eath's surface. Another example
of a metamorphic rock is mable. which forms when limestone is exposed to extreme temperatures
or prescure. Igneous basalt changes to schikt in the metanorphic process. The interesting. thing
about the motamorplic nrocess is that any rock-igneous, metamorphic, or seclinentary-will change
and form now metamorphic rock given enough time, heat, andor pressure. The rock cycle
llustrates how rocks move on and under Earth's crust and change from one typ.
Earth and Life Science_Differences of Types of Rocks.docx
Differences of Types of Rocks
Rocks are found everywhere in the Earth surface or beneath land surface. There are three types of rocks the sedimentary, metamorphic, and igneous rocks. These rocks undergo rock cycle. During weathering and erosion these rocks on the earth surface are constantly being broken down and by wind and water.
Sedimentary rocks are formed sediment that is deposited over time, usually as layers at the bottom of lakes and oceans these sediments are the minerals, small pieces of plant and other organic matter, pre-existing rocks or pieces of remains of living organism that accumulate in Earth Surface. These sediments are compressed over a long period of time before they combine into solid layers of rocks. Sedimentary rocks cover most of the rocky Earth surface and less amount of the Earth’s crust. When these rocks are exposed to extreme heat caused by magma or by the intense collisions and friction of tectonic plates which lead to changes in their mineralogy and texture of the rock the Metamorphic rock is formed. Those rocks that are found beneath the Earth surface melts and become magma when a volcano erupts, magma flows out of it. (When magma is on the earth’s surface, it is called lava.) As the lava cools it hardens and becomes igneous rock. As soon as new igneous rock is formed, the processes of weathering and erosion begin, starting the whole cycle over again! Sedimentary structures include features like bedding, ripple marks, fossil tracks and trails, and mud cracks. Sandstone, rock salt and limestone are sedimentary rocks.
Metamorphic textures are salty, schistose, gneissose, granoblastic and Horn felsic. Anthracite and Marble are metamorphic rocks.
Igneous rocks usually hence no layering made up of two or more minerals and they are either glassy or coarse in appearance. Basalt, granite, pumice, obsidian are examples of igneous rocks.
Differences of Types of Rocks
Rocks are found everywhere in the Earth surface or beneath land surface. There are three types of rocks the sedimentary, metamorphic, and igneous rocks. These rocks undergo rock cycle. During weathering and erosion these rocks on the earth surface are constantly being broken down and by wind and water.
Sedimentary rocks are formed sediment that is deposited over time, usually as layers at the bottom of lakes and oceans these sediments are the minerals, small pieces of plant and other organic matter, pre-existing rocks or pieces of remains of living organism that accumulate in Earth Surface. These sediments are compressed over a long period of time before they combine into solid layers of rocks. Sedimentary rocks cover most of the rocky Earth surface and less amount of the Earth’s crust. When these rocks are exposed to extreme heat caused by magma or by the intense collisions and friction of tectonic plates which lead to changes in their mineralogy and texture of the rock the Metamorphic rock is formed. Those rocks that are found beneath the Earth surface
Introduction to Rocks - Classification and rock cycle.pdf
This presentation is related to engineering geology course, a mandatory module for civil engineering studies. These slides present some basic and introductory knowledge about rocks, their properties and classifications. The slides discuss about the geological classification of rocks addressing the processes which lead to formation of different types of rocks. Rocks types like igneous rocks, sedimentary rocks and metamorphic rocks are put to discussion and examples for each type provided. Similarly, various types of rocks based on their physical characters and arrangement of layers like stratified rocks, unstratified rocks and foliated rocks are bought under discussion and in the third section, the types of rocks based on chemical composition like calcareous rocks, siliceous rocks and argillaceous rocks are discussed.
In the last section, the rock cycle is being shed light on, which describes how rocks convert from one form to another under the action of external agents like temperature, pressure, erosion, weathering etc.
Slides are arranged in an orderly manner which makes it easy for the students to memorize the information presented within. Moreover, careful selection of color scheme makes the presentation visually appealing which increases the chance to grab the attention of students. These slides would be useful for students in preparing for their exams.
Explore Student Journal The Rock Cycle locks on Earth can b.pdf
Explore Student Journal: The Rock Cycle locks on Earth can be classified into three categories
based on the way they were formed. laneous rocks are formed through voicanic action.
Sedimentary ocks are formed by deposition. Metamorphic rocks are formed when existing rocks
undergo a change due to extreme heat and pressure. Rocks that have a volcanic origin are
classified as igneous and form when magma or lava cools and hardens. As the magma or lava
cooks, crystals begin to form. The size of the crystals depends upon how fast the magma or lava
cools. If magna cools quickly, small crystals form and can be observed on the rock surface such
as in basalt, for example. Lava can cool so quickly that crystals do not have time to form at all,
such as with obsidian. If magma cools sloniy. larger erystals fom and can easily be seen on the
surface of rock specinens. A common example of igneous rock that exhibits large erystal formation
is: granite. When Earth's materials are deposited in layers and pressed together over thee,
sedimentary rocks form. The formation of sedimentary rock begins with the deposition of
sediments. As layers are added, the oldest or lower layers that were deposited first experience
increased pressure. The sediments and the spaces between them are crushed together in a
process called compoction. During the cementation process, the sediments are bound togethor
when a solution fils in around the particles tike glue. If the sediments deposited are sand particles
such as in a beoch environment, sandstone forms. If the sediments are fine sit or day-sized
particles, commonly called "rnud," such as those found in basins wodldwide, shaie forms,
Limestone typically forms from shells and other sediments deposited in ocean envirenments. A
quiet and undisturbed environment will sometimes lead to fossi formation within the layers of
endimentary deposition. Metamorphic rock lorms when one type of rock changes into another due
to exposure to hest and pressure often caused by movement of material deco beneath Eaths
suffece. This change to rock appearance and composition takes an extrenely long time.
Metamorphic rocks are often character ixed by wavy layers of mineral crystals or by the presence
of unuwal minerals. Any rodk can become a metarnorphle rock. For example, the sed mentary
rock ihale forms from layers of depositeds sit. When exposed to high pressure due to geologic
processes, the netamorphic rock siate forms. The sedinentary rock sandstone chamses to quatzite
when exposed to extreme beat and possure beneath Eartit's surface. Another example of a
metamoephic rock is marble which forms when limestone is exposed to extreme temperatures or
presure leneous basal changes to sehist in the metamorphic process. The interesting thing about
the metamorphic pocess is that any rodk-igneous, metamorphik, or sedinentiry-will change and
form new metaniorphic rock given enovgh time. he.M, and/or pretsure. The rock cycle Alwstrates
how rocks move on and un.
List each category of rock and describe how it formsExpl.pdf
List each category of rock and describe how it forms.Explore Student Journal: The Rock Cycle aks
on Earth can be classified into three categories based on the way they were formed. Igneous
rocks are formed through volcanic action. Sedimentary ks are formed by deposition. Metamorphic
rocks are formed when existing rocks undergo a change due to extreme heat and pressure. cks
that have a volcanic origin are classified as igneous and form when magma or lava cools and
hardens. As the magma or lava cools, crystals begin to im. The size of the crystals depends upon
how fast the magma or lava cools. If magma cools quickly, small crystals form and can be
observed on the rock iface, such as in basalt, for example. Lava can cool so quickly that crystals
do not have time to form at all, such as with obsidian. If magma cools slowly. ger crystals form and
can easily be seen on the surface of rock specimens. A commen cxample of igneous rock that
exhibits large crystal formation is anite. Then Earth's materials are deposited in layers and
pressed together over time, sedimentary rocks form. The formation of sedimentary rock begins
with the eposition of sediments. As layers are added, the oldest or lower layers that were
deposited first experience increased pressure. The sediments and the paces between them are
crushed together in a process called compaction. During the cementation process, the sediments
are bound together when a olution fills in around the particles like glue. If the sediments deposited
are sand particles, such as in a beach environment, sandstone forms. If the ediments are fine silt
or clay-sized particles, commonly called "mud." such as those found in basins worldwide, shale
forms. Limestone typically forms from thells and other sediments deposited in ocean
environments. A quiet and undisturbed environment will sometimes lead to fossil formation within
the layers of sedimentary deposition. Metamorphic rock forms when one type of rock changes into
another due to exposure to heat and pressure often coused by movement of material deep
beneath Earthis surface. This change to rock appearance and composition takes an extremely
long time. Metamorphic rocks are often characterized by wavy layers of mineral crystals or by the
presence of unusual minerals. Any rock can become a metamorphic rock. For example, the
sedimentary rock shale forms from layers of deposited silt. When exposed to high pressure due to
geologic processes, the metamorphic rock slate forms. The sedimentary rock sandstone changes
to quartzite when exposed to extreme heat and pressure beneath Earth's surface. Another
example of a metamorahic rock is marble. which forms when limestone is exposed to extreme
temperatures or pressure. Igneous basalt changes to schist in the metamorphic process. The
interesting thing about the metamorphic process is that any rock-igneous, metamorphic, or
sedimentary-will change and form new metamorphic rock given enough. time, heat, and/or
pressure. The .
Can you solve these questions please with clear explanation Describe.pdf
Can you solve these questions please with clear explanation Describe the main difference
between Kaolinite and Montmorillonite clay minerals Differentiate between Sedimentary,
Igneous and metamorphic Rocks. Identify the main Transportation agents for the following
types of soil. Wind Sea (salt water) Lake (fresh water) River\" Ice
Solution
Minerals-Montmorillonite
Minerals-Kaolinite
The main difference between Igneous, Sedimentary and Metamorphic rocks, is the way that they
are formed, and their various textures.
Igneous Rocks
Igneous rocks are formed when magma (or molten rocks) cool down, and become solid. High
temperatures inside the crust of the Earth cause rocks to melt, and this substance is known as
magma. Magma is the molten material that erupts during a volcano. This substance cools down
slowly, and causes mineralization to take place. Gradually, the size of the minerals increase until
they are large enough to be visible to the naked eye. Igneous rocks are mostly formed beneath
the Earth’s surface.
The texture of Igneous rocks can be referred to as Phaneritic, Aphaneritic, Glassy (or vitreous),
Pyroclastic or Pegmatitic. Examples of Igneous Rocks include granite, basalt and diorite.
Sedimentary Rocks
Sedimentary rocks are usually formed by sedimentation of the Earth’s material, and this
normally occurs inside water bodies. The Earth’s material is constantly exposed to erosion and
weathering, and the resulting accumulated loose particles eventually settle, and form
Sedimentary rocks. Therefore, one can say, that these types of rocks are formed slowly from the
sediments, dust and dirt of other rocks. Erosion takes place due to wind and water. After
thousands of years, the eroded pieces of sand and rock settle, and become compacted to form a
rock of their own.
Sedimentary rocks range from small clay-size rocks to huge boulder-size rocks. The textures of
Sedimentary rocks are mainly dependent on the parameters of the clast, or the fragments of the
original rock. These parameters can be of various types, such as surface texture, round, spherical
or in the form of grain. The most common type of Sedimentary rock is the Conglomerate, which
is caused by the accumulation of small pebbles and cobbles. Other types include shale, sandstone
and limestone, which is formed from clastic rocks and the deposition of fossils and minerals.
Metamorphic Rocks
Metamorphic rocks are the result of the transformation of other rocks. Rocks that are subjected to
intense heat and pressure change their original shape and form, and become Metamorphic rocks.
This change in shape is referred to as metamorphism. These rocks are commonly formed by the
partial melting of minerals, and re-crystallization. Gneiss is a commonly found Metamorphic
rock, and it is formed by high pressure, and the partial melting of the minerals contained in the
original rock.
Metamorphic rocks have textures like slaty, schistose, gneissose, granoblastic or hornfelsic.
Examples of these types .
Rocks formation and cycle
.Formation of rocks, Rock cycle, types of rocks.
Intended for Year 8 level - science
Executive Directors Chat Leveraging AI for Diversity, Equity, and Inclusion
Let’s explore the intersection of technology and equity in the final session of our DEI series. Discover how AI tools, like ChatGPT, can be used to support and enhance your nonprofit's DEI initiatives. Participants will gain insights into practical AI applications and get tips for leveraging technology to advance their DEI goals.
Operation Blue Star - Saka Neela Tara
Operation “Blue Star” is the only event in the history of Independent India where the state went into war with its own people. Even after about 40 years it is not clear if it was culmination of states anger over people of the region, a political game of power or start of dictatorial chapter in the democratic setup.
The people of Punjab felt alienated from main stream due to denial of their just demands during a long democratic struggle since independence. As it happen all over the word, it led to militant struggle with great loss of lives of military, police and civilian personnel. Killing of Indira Gandhi and massacre of innocent Sikhs in Delhi and other India cities was also associated with this movement.
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Explore Student Journal The Rock Cycle locks on Earth can b.pdf
Explore Student Journal: The Rock Cycle locks on Earth can be classified into three categories
based on the way they were formed. laneous rocks are formed through voicanic action.
Sedimentary ocks are formed by deposition. Metamorphic rocks are formed when existing rocks
undergo a change due to extreme heat and pressure. Rocks that have a volcanic origin are
classified as igneous and form when magma or lava cools and hardens. As the magma or lava
cooks, crystals begin to form. The size of the crystals depends upon how fast the magma or lava
cools. If magna cools quickly, small crystals form and can be observed on the rock surface such
as in basalt, for example. Lava can cool so quickly that crystals do not have time to form at all,
such as with obsidian. If magma cools sloniy. larger erystals fom and can easily be seen on the
surface of rock specinens. A common example of igneous rock that exhibits large erystal formation
is: granite. When Earth's materials are deposited in layers and pressed together over thee,
sedimentary rocks form. The formation of sedimentary rock begins with the deposition of
sediments. As layers are added, the oldest or lower layers that were deposited first experience
increased pressure. The sediments and the spaces between them are crushed together in a
process called compoction. During the cementation process, the sediments are bound togethor
when a solution fils in around the particles tike glue. If the sediments deposited are sand particles
such as in a beoch environment, sandstone forms. If the sediments are fine sit or day-sized
particles, commonly called "rnud," such as those found in basins wodldwide, shaie forms,
Limestone typically forms from shells and other sediments deposited in ocean envirenments. A
quiet and undisturbed environment will sometimes lead to fossi formation within the layers of
endimentary deposition. Metamorphic rock lorms when one type of rock changes into another due
to exposure to hest and pressure often caused by movement of material deco beneath Eaths
suffece. This change to rock appearance and composition takes an extrenely long time.
Metamorphic rocks are often character ixed by wavy layers of mineral crystals or by the presence
of unuwal minerals. Any rodk can become a metarnorphle rock. For example, the sed mentary
rock ihale forms from layers of depositeds sit. When exposed to high pressure due to geologic
processes, the netamorphic rock siate forms. The sedinentary rock sandstone chamses to quatzite
when exposed to extreme beat and possure beneath Eartit's surface. Another example of a
metamoephic rock is marble which forms when limestone is exposed to extreme temperatures or
presure leneous basal changes to sehist in the metamorphic process. The interesting thing about
the metamorphic pocess is that any rodk-igneous, metamorphik, or sedinentiry-will change and
form new metaniorphic rock given enovgh time. he.M, and/or pretsure. The rock cycle Alwstrates
how rocks move on and un.
List each category of rock and describe how it formsExpl.pdf
List each category of rock and describe how it forms.Explore Student Journal: The Rock Cycle aks
on Earth can be classified into three categories based on the way they were formed. Igneous
rocks are formed through volcanic action. Sedimentary ks are formed by deposition. Metamorphic
rocks are formed when existing rocks undergo a change due to extreme heat and pressure. cks
that have a volcanic origin are classified as igneous and form when magma or lava cools and
hardens. As the magma or lava cools, crystals begin to im. The size of the crystals depends upon
how fast the magma or lava cools. If magma cools quickly, small crystals form and can be
observed on the rock iface, such as in basalt, for example. Lava can cool so quickly that crystals
do not have time to form at all, such as with obsidian. If magma cools slowly. ger crystals form and
can easily be seen on the surface of rock specimens. A commen cxample of igneous rock that
exhibits large crystal formation is anite. Then Earth's materials are deposited in layers and
pressed together over time, sedimentary rocks form. The formation of sedimentary rock begins
with the eposition of sediments. As layers are added, the oldest or lower layers that were
deposited first experience increased pressure. The sediments and the paces between them are
crushed together in a process called compaction. During the cementation process, the sediments
are bound together when a olution fills in around the particles like glue. If the sediments deposited
are sand particles, such as in a beach environment, sandstone forms. If the ediments are fine silt
or clay-sized particles, commonly called "mud." such as those found in basins worldwide, shale
forms. Limestone typically forms from thells and other sediments deposited in ocean
environments. A quiet and undisturbed environment will sometimes lead to fossil formation within
the layers of sedimentary deposition. Metamorphic rock forms when one type of rock changes into
another due to exposure to heat and pressure often coused by movement of material deep
beneath Earthis surface. This change to rock appearance and composition takes an extremely
long time. Metamorphic rocks are often characterized by wavy layers of mineral crystals or by the
presence of unusual minerals. Any rock can become a metamorphic rock. For example, the
sedimentary rock shale forms from layers of deposited silt. When exposed to high pressure due to
geologic processes, the metamorphic rock slate forms. The sedimentary rock sandstone changes
to quartzite when exposed to extreme heat and pressure beneath Earth's surface. Another
example of a metamorahic rock is marble. which forms when limestone is exposed to extreme
temperatures or pressure. Igneous basalt changes to schist in the metamorphic process. The
interesting thing about the metamorphic process is that any rock-igneous, metamorphic, or
sedimentary-will change and form new metamorphic rock given enough. time, heat, and/or
pressure. The .
Can you solve these questions please with clear explanation Describe.pdf
Can you solve these questions please with clear explanation Describe the main difference
between Kaolinite and Montmorillonite clay minerals Differentiate between Sedimentary,
Igneous and metamorphic Rocks. Identify the main Transportation agents for the following
types of soil. Wind Sea (salt water) Lake (fresh water) River\" Ice
Solution
Minerals-Montmorillonite
Minerals-Kaolinite
The main difference between Igneous, Sedimentary and Metamorphic rocks, is the way that they
are formed, and their various textures.
Igneous Rocks
Igneous rocks are formed when magma (or molten rocks) cool down, and become solid. High
temperatures inside the crust of the Earth cause rocks to melt, and this substance is known as
magma. Magma is the molten material that erupts during a volcano. This substance cools down
slowly, and causes mineralization to take place. Gradually, the size of the minerals increase until
they are large enough to be visible to the naked eye. Igneous rocks are mostly formed beneath
the Earth’s surface.
The texture of Igneous rocks can be referred to as Phaneritic, Aphaneritic, Glassy (or vitreous),
Pyroclastic or Pegmatitic. Examples of Igneous Rocks include granite, basalt and diorite.
Sedimentary Rocks
Sedimentary rocks are usually formed by sedimentation of the Earth’s material, and this
normally occurs inside water bodies. The Earth’s material is constantly exposed to erosion and
weathering, and the resulting accumulated loose particles eventually settle, and form
Sedimentary rocks. Therefore, one can say, that these types of rocks are formed slowly from the
sediments, dust and dirt of other rocks. Erosion takes place due to wind and water. After
thousands of years, the eroded pieces of sand and rock settle, and become compacted to form a
rock of their own.
Sedimentary rocks range from small clay-size rocks to huge boulder-size rocks. The textures of
Sedimentary rocks are mainly dependent on the parameters of the clast, or the fragments of the
original rock. These parameters can be of various types, such as surface texture, round, spherical
or in the form of grain. The most common type of Sedimentary rock is the Conglomerate, which
is caused by the accumulation of small pebbles and cobbles. Other types include shale, sandstone
and limestone, which is formed from clastic rocks and the deposition of fossils and minerals.
Metamorphic Rocks
Metamorphic rocks are the result of the transformation of other rocks. Rocks that are subjected to
intense heat and pressure change their original shape and form, and become Metamorphic rocks.
This change in shape is referred to as metamorphism. These rocks are commonly formed by the
partial melting of minerals, and re-crystallization. Gneiss is a commonly found Metamorphic
rock, and it is formed by high pressure, and the partial melting of the minerals contained in the
original rock.
Metamorphic rocks have textures like slaty, schistose, gneissose, granoblastic or hornfelsic.
Examples of these types .
Rocks formation and cycle
.Formation of rocks, Rock cycle, types of rocks.
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Earth and life science.pptx
- 1. EARTH AND LIFE SCIENCE Prepared by: Mrs. Gladys O. Real
- 4. Igneous rock comes from cooling and solidification of magma or lava. Examples of igneous rocks are granite, pumice, obsidian and basalt.
- 5. Sedimentary rocks are formed from sediments coming from weathering and erosion of older rocks . Some examples are sandstone, limestone, shale and conglomerate.
- 6. ◦Metamorphic rocks change over time applying intense heat and pressure. Some examples are quartzite, marble and slate. Among all types of rocks, Metamorphic is the hardest.
- 8. ◦The original rock can either be sedimentary, igneous or even other metamorphic rock. Any kind of rocks can change into a new rock. This is what we call METAMORPHISM.
- 9. Rocks can be stressed. Stress on rocks is a force that changes the rocks’ shape and volume. There are different types of stress. These are compression, tension and shearing.
- 10. ◦Compression is a kind of stress where rocks tend to compress each other. It happens in convergent boundaries. There is a tendency for the rock to be squeezed until it breaks or folds. This can cause the rock to shortened. Most famous example of compression is the Rocky Mountain in North America.
- 12. ◦Tension is another type of stress that influence rock behaviour. It occurs in divergent boundaries. This time, the rocks move away from each other. This is the opposite of compression. Continents is the best example of tension stress .
- 14. ◦Shearing is a stress caused by pushing a mass of rock in two opposite direction that break and slip apart or changes its shape. It happens in transform boundary .San Andreas Fault is an example of shearing