Commerce involves the exchange of goods and services between entities. E-commerce refers to business transactions conducted electronically over the internet, such as buying and selling goods online. There are four main types of e-commerce: business-to-business (B2B), business-to-consumer (B2C), consumer-to-consumer (C2C), and consumer-to-business (C2B). The e-commerce process involves a consumer browsing a merchant's website, selecting items, paying for the order, and having it fulfilled. M-commerce uses mobile devices for e-commerce transactions. While e-commerce provides benefits like low costs and 24/7 access, it also faces challenges such as ensuring

1. By:
Priyanshu Nagori

2. Commerce..
Commerce is a division of trade or
production which deals with the
exchange of goods and services
from producer to final consumer.
It comprises the trading of
something of economic value such
as goods, services, information, or
money between two or more
entities.

3. Transacting or facilitating business on
the Internet is called ecommerce.
Ecommerce is short for “electronic
commerce.“
E-commerce is the buying and selling of
goods and services, or the transmitting
of funds or data, over an electronic
network, primarily the Internet.
Any form of business transaction
conducted electronically is e-commerce.

4. Types of
e - commerce
1. Business-to-Business (B2B)
2. Business-to-Consumer(B2C)
3. Consumer-to-Consumer (C2C)
4. Consumer-to-Business (C2B)

5. 1. Business-to-Business
(B2B)
Website following B2B business
model sells its product to an
intermediate buyer who then
sells the product to the final
customer. As an example, a
wholesaler places an order from
a company's website and after
receiving the consignment, sells
the end product to final
customer who comes to buy the
product at wholesaler's retail
outlet.

7. 2. Business-to-Consumer
(B2C)
Website following B2C business
model sells its product directly to a
customer. A customer can view
products shown on the website of
business organization. The
customer can choose a product
and order the same. Website will
send a notification to the business
organization via email and
organization will dispatch the
product/goods to the customer.

9. 3. Consumer-to-Consumer
(C2C)
Website following C2C business
model helps consumer to sell their
assets like residential property,
cars, motorcycles etc. or rent a
room by publishing their
information on the website.
Website may or may not charge the
consumer for its services. Another
consumer may opt to buy the
product of the first customer by
viewing the post/advertisement on
the website.

11. Consumer - to – Business
(C2B)
In this model, a consumer
approaches website showing
multiple business organizations for a
particular service. Consumer places
an estimate of amount he/she wants
to spend for a particular service. For
example, comparison of interest
rates of personal loan/ car loan
provided by various banks via
website. Business organization who
fulfills the consumer's requirement
within specified budget approaches
the customer and provides its
services.

13. The Process
Of
E-Commerce
…....

14.  A consumer uses Web browser to
connect to the home page of a
merchant's Web site on the Internet.
 The consumer browses the catalog
of products featured on the site and
selects items to purchase. The
selected items are placed in the
electronic equivalent of a shopping
cart.
 When the consumer is ready to
complete the purchase of selected
items, she provides a bill-to and
ship-to address for purchase and
delivery

15.  When the merchant's Web server
receives this information, it
computes the total cost of the
order--including tax, shipping, and
handling charges--and then
displays the total to the customer.
 The customer can now provide
payment information, such as a
credit card number, and then
submit the order.
 When the credit card number is
validated and the order is
completed at the Commerce
Server site, the merchant's site
displays a receipt confirming the
customer's purchase.

16.  The Commerce Server site then
forwards the order to a Processing
Network for payment processing
and fulfillment.
…

17. M-commerce is the buying and
selling of goods and services
through wireless handheld
devices such as cellular
telephone and personal digital
assistants. Known as next-
generation e-commerce.
Examples: Mobile banking,
Mobile ticketing,
mobile purchase,
Mobile money
transfer, etc
M-commerce

18. In simple words:
M-commerce =
E-commerce+wireless
web

19. PROS
&
CONS
OF E-COMMERCE
……

20.  Faster buying/selling
procedure, as well as easy to
find products.
 Buying/selling 24/7.
 More reach to customers,
there is no theoretical
geographic limitations.
 Low operational costs and
better quality of services.
PROS

21.  No need of physical company
set-ups.
 Easy to start and manage a
business.
 Customers can easily select
products from different
providers without moving
around physically.

22. CONS
Any one, good or bad, can easily
start a business. And there are
many bad sites which eat up
customers’ money.
There is no guarantee of
product quality.
Mechanical failures can cause
unpredictable effects on the
total processes.

23. As there is minimum chance of
direct customer to company
interactions, customer loyalty is
always on a check.
There are many hackers who
look for opportunities, and thus
an ecommerce site, service,
payment gateways, all are
always prone to attack.

24. Future Of E-
commerce In INDIA
 "E-commerce in India is a $11 billion
market, and is estimated to reach $20
billion by 2015, growing at a
CAGR(compound annual growth rate) of
37% over 2013-15," Motilal Oswal
Securities said in its report on e-
commerce.
 By the end of 2015 e-commerce
would be providing more or less sixty
thousand (60,000) jobs.