This poster, presented at ISPOR 6th Asia-Pacific Conference in September 2014, reports on an investigation into the use of time trade off and discrete choice experiments to value health states. No EQ-5D-5L value sets are available now to guide health care decision making in the UAE, despite increasing interest in using patient-preference data in decisions about drug coverage.
This study, based on 320 interviews, finds that religious and spiritual beliefs made it difficult to explain the 'worse than death' (WTD) concept used in TTO and that fewer respondent than in other countries rated health states as WTD. The importance of dimensions also differed, with the majority of respondents considering mobility to be most important and anxiety/depression least important.
The authors conclude that, for TTO, adaptation of methods may be required. No issues were encountered using DCE.
For additional information, contact Koonal Shah at OHE.
The document discusses applying behavioral models to understand how medical liaisons can influence opinion leaders. It describes opinion leaders as early adopters who are central in communication networks. The transtheoretical model of change can be used to analyze opinion leaders at different stages of adopting new practices and advocating for changes. Medical liaisons provide information to opinion leaders and help them maintain technical competence and early adopter status to facilitate the adoption of new research findings into practice.
Activating prior knowledge (real life examples) with recording-sdSuparna Dutta
This document discusses challenges with data collection across different research domains. It identifies several categories of data collection barriers: researcher barriers like fatigue; participant barriers such as inaccurate self-reporting; environmental barriers pertaining to the data collection setting; and issues with survey design like unclear questions. Specific examples are provided from public administration, public health, distance education, environmental, and market research that illustrate challenges related to inconsistent or poor quality data collection due to a lack of standardized processes, inadequate training, political and legal constraints, and issues incentivizing participation or protecting privacy.
This document summarizes a study examining the adaptation process of internationally educated nurses (IENs) from East Asia working in English-speaking countries. The study utilized a systematic review and meta-ethnography approach to synthesize findings from 3 qualitative studies. The results identified a three stage adaptation process for East Asian IENs - an initial struggle stage, intermediate survival stage, and late success stage. Two key findings were that social separation due to language and cultural barriers made adaptation difficult, but a strong professional identity supported integration. The implications discussed improving language training, mental health support, and policies to promote inclusion of East Asian IENs.
Hannah Jobling. 'Community Treatment Orders: A Tale of Two Policy Transfers', European Conference for Social Work Research, University of Basel, Switzerland, 23rd March 2012.
EMRA Hangouts: A Novel Emergency Medicine Advising PlatformZach Jarou
EMRA Hangouts were designed to provide advising information to medical students interested in emergency medicine residencies. The virtual sessions feature presentations by EM physicians followed by a question and answer period. Over 1,500 students have registered for the 12 sessions held so far, with an average attendance of 75 students per session. Surveys found the sessions were very helpful for 90% of respondents and would change plans for 65% of students. Future sessions will target additional student levels and include different presentation formats to continue advising a diverse range of medical students.
This document discusses whether paying research participants raises unique ethical issues compared to other contexts where people are paid. It presents arguments that research is exceptional and should have special ethical rules regarding payment. It argues that research produces public goods, researchers have professional duties to protect subjects, and the dependent relationship between researchers and subjects means subjects' consent may not be truly voluntary or informed. It concludes that while it has not proven research is uniquely different, there are reasons the traditional view treats research differently than other contracts and that institutional review is appropriate to critically examine payment arrangements.
December 9, 2016
This symposium brought together a variety of experts to discuss key ethical and legal questions regarding offers of payment to research participants. Panels covered:
- Why payment is offered to research participants
- Regulatory parameters governing payment
- Whether payment to research participants should be considered exceptional, compared to payment in other contexts
- How offers of payment affect participants
- How to define coercion and undue influence with regard to paying research participants
- Which factors should be considered when evaluating proposed payments
- The problem of low payment
This event was free and open to the public.
This event was part of the collaboration between the Petrie-Flom Center for Health Law Policy, Biotechnology, and Bioethics at Harvard Law School and the Regulatory Foundations, Ethics, and Law Program of Harvard Catalyst | The Harvard Clinical and Translational Science Center at Harvard Medical School. Cosponsored by the MRCT Center of Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard.
Learn more on our website: http://petrieflom.law.harvard.edu/events/details/paying-research-participants
This poster, presented at ISPOR 6th Asia-Pacific Conference in September 2014, reports on an investigation into the use of time trade off and discrete choice experiments to value health states. No EQ-5D-5L value sets are available now to guide health care decision making in the UAE, despite increasing interest in using patient-preference data in decisions about drug coverage.
This study, based on 320 interviews, finds that religious and spiritual beliefs made it difficult to explain the 'worse than death' (WTD) concept used in TTO and that fewer respondent than in other countries rated health states as WTD. The importance of dimensions also differed, with the majority of respondents considering mobility to be most important and anxiety/depression least important.
The authors conclude that, for TTO, adaptation of methods may be required. No issues were encountered using DCE.
For additional information, contact Koonal Shah at OHE.
The document discusses applying behavioral models to understand how medical liaisons can influence opinion leaders. It describes opinion leaders as early adopters who are central in communication networks. The transtheoretical model of change can be used to analyze opinion leaders at different stages of adopting new practices and advocating for changes. Medical liaisons provide information to opinion leaders and help them maintain technical competence and early adopter status to facilitate the adoption of new research findings into practice.
Activating prior knowledge (real life examples) with recording-sdSuparna Dutta
This document discusses challenges with data collection across different research domains. It identifies several categories of data collection barriers: researcher barriers like fatigue; participant barriers such as inaccurate self-reporting; environmental barriers pertaining to the data collection setting; and issues with survey design like unclear questions. Specific examples are provided from public administration, public health, distance education, environmental, and market research that illustrate challenges related to inconsistent or poor quality data collection due to a lack of standardized processes, inadequate training, political and legal constraints, and issues incentivizing participation or protecting privacy.
This document summarizes a study examining the adaptation process of internationally educated nurses (IENs) from East Asia working in English-speaking countries. The study utilized a systematic review and meta-ethnography approach to synthesize findings from 3 qualitative studies. The results identified a three stage adaptation process for East Asian IENs - an initial struggle stage, intermediate survival stage, and late success stage. Two key findings were that social separation due to language and cultural barriers made adaptation difficult, but a strong professional identity supported integration. The implications discussed improving language training, mental health support, and policies to promote inclusion of East Asian IENs.
Hannah Jobling. 'Community Treatment Orders: A Tale of Two Policy Transfers', European Conference for Social Work Research, University of Basel, Switzerland, 23rd March 2012.
EMRA Hangouts: A Novel Emergency Medicine Advising PlatformZach Jarou
EMRA Hangouts were designed to provide advising information to medical students interested in emergency medicine residencies. The virtual sessions feature presentations by EM physicians followed by a question and answer period. Over 1,500 students have registered for the 12 sessions held so far, with an average attendance of 75 students per session. Surveys found the sessions were very helpful for 90% of respondents and would change plans for 65% of students. Future sessions will target additional student levels and include different presentation formats to continue advising a diverse range of medical students.
This document discusses whether paying research participants raises unique ethical issues compared to other contexts where people are paid. It presents arguments that research is exceptional and should have special ethical rules regarding payment. It argues that research produces public goods, researchers have professional duties to protect subjects, and the dependent relationship between researchers and subjects means subjects' consent may not be truly voluntary or informed. It concludes that while it has not proven research is uniquely different, there are reasons the traditional view treats research differently than other contracts and that institutional review is appropriate to critically examine payment arrangements.
December 9, 2016
This symposium brought together a variety of experts to discuss key ethical and legal questions regarding offers of payment to research participants. Panels covered:
- Why payment is offered to research participants
- Regulatory parameters governing payment
- Whether payment to research participants should be considered exceptional, compared to payment in other contexts
- How offers of payment affect participants
- How to define coercion and undue influence with regard to paying research participants
- Which factors should be considered when evaluating proposed payments
- The problem of low payment
This event was free and open to the public.
This event was part of the collaboration between the Petrie-Flom Center for Health Law Policy, Biotechnology, and Bioethics at Harvard Law School and the Regulatory Foundations, Ethics, and Law Program of Harvard Catalyst | The Harvard Clinical and Translational Science Center at Harvard Medical School. Cosponsored by the MRCT Center of Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard.
Learn more on our website: http://petrieflom.law.harvard.edu/events/details/paying-research-participants
This document summarizes a presentation on bioethics at the NIH regarding why payment is offered to research participants and regulatory parameters around payment models. It discusses how payment can enhance recruitment rates for clinical trials, as well as four common models for paying participants: the market model, wage payment model, reimbursement model, and appreciation model. Each model is described and their advantages and disadvantages are outlined. The document also discusses objections to the wage payment model and factors to consider when deciding payment amounts for research participants.
This document summarizes a systematic review of 148 peer-reviewed studies on harms experienced by children from online risks between 1997-2011. The review found:
- Definitions of harm varied greatly between studies, making it difficult to assess the true scale. Health-related harms were most studied, while other risks received less research.
- Most studies discussed potential rather than actual harm, focusing on risky content rather than documented effects. Very few provided evidence that online activities caused harm.
- While severe harms were rare, the potential for minor harms was relatively high. However, personal factors influence individuals' ability to cope. More research is needed to properly assess different harms and develop effective, evidence-
This document discusses the challenges of assessing the thorax, lungs, cardiovascular, and peripheral vascular systems due to their complex interrelated structures and functions. It notes that less experienced nurses like the author may provide inaccurate information when evaluating these systems. Age differences can also impact findings interpretation. Additionally, pediatric patients cannot always supply clarifying information during exams. The author advocates collaborating with experienced nurses to accurately interpret exam findings like breath sounds. Patient factors like occupation may further aid interpretation.
(2) education policy quality of education(6) health literacyVivan17
This document presents a concept map that identifies three pathways by which medication non-compliance can be conceptualized from a social perspective. All three pathways begin with education policy and its impact. One pathway shows how low education quality can lead to low health literacy and difficulty following medication instructions. Another pathway shows how high dropout rates from underfunded schools can result in low-wage jobs without insurance, reducing ability to afford or access medication. A third pathway notes self-efficacy and unwanted side effects can influence the relationship between ability to comply with a medication regimen and actual compliance. The document concludes by outlining interventions that could help address medication non-compliance at various points in the concept map.