Presentation by Camille Grimaldi, University of Western Australia, Australia, at the Delft3D - User Days (Day 2: Hydrodynamics), during Delft Software Days - Edition 2018. Tuesday, 13 November 2018, Delft.
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DSD-INT 2018 Characterizing the drivers of coral reef hydrodynamics at the Rowley Shoals, off northwestern Australia, using Delft3D FM - Grimaldi
1. D R I V E R S O F C O R A L R E E F
H Y D R O D Y N A M I C S A T T H E
R O W L E Y S H O A L S , W A U S I N G
D E L F T 3 D F M
Camille Grimaldi, Ryan Lowe, Rebecca Green and Jessica Benthuysen
Photo- Sharyn Hickey
2. Coral reef hydrodynamics
NOAA
• Retention/circulation of water and
material in the reef (e.g. heat, nutrient,
organisms)
• Flushing time and residence time
• Affect most of the biological and chemical
processes on the reef
INTRODUCTION
3. 3rd Global-scale coral bleaching
Benthuysen et al., 2018
Temperature anomaly
INTRODUCTION
4. 2015/2016 - 3rd global-scale coral bleaching
NOAA
Northwestern Australia
Coral cover and species diversity dramatically reduced (Gilmour et al., 2018)
INTRODUCTION
5. Only minor (<10%) coral bleaching observed (Gilmour et al., 2018)
INTRODUCTION
2015/2016 - 3rd global-scale coral bleaching
Northwestern Australia
6. Atmospheric and oceanographic conditions influence the reef variability.
INTRODUCTION
2015/2016 - 3rd global-scale coral bleaching
Northwestern Australia
7. What drivers of hydrodynamics on reef systems?
INTRODUCTION
2015/2016 - 3rd global-scale coral bleaching
Northwestern Australia
8. Rowley Shoals
- Pristine environment
- 3 atolls (=ring-shaped coral reef
including a lagoon)
- Channel on the NE side
INTRODUCTION
Imperieuse
Clerke
Mermaid
18. RESULTS & DISC. CONCLUSIONCONCEPTS METHODS
Numerical simulations - Delft3D Flexible Mesh
METHODS
• Spatially-complex bathymetry
• Influence of range of hydrodyanmic processes
• Interest in temperature and water quality
applications
Challenges Delft3D Flexible Mesh
• Flexible Mesh Grid
• Coupling D-Flow FM and D-Waves
• Residence time, heat exchanges, water quality, etc
24. Nov. 2017 - October 2018 : FULL year of in situ observations
In situ observations
AWAC retrieval
METHODS
25. Open Ocean
Channel
Lagoon
Reef flat
Current sensors
In situ observations
Water levels and current speed
and directions at 4 key locations
METHODS
Pressure sensors
Water levels and significant wave
height across the reef
35. Hs from the western side
Potential wave forcing
DISCUSSION
36. Conclusions and next steps
- Good agreement for water level between model
and observations
- Good agreement for current between model and
observations in the channel
- Tides are not enough to explain the entire
hydrodynamics
- Mermaid reef influenced by both waves and tides
Mermaid reef
Tides
Waves
CONCLUSION
37. Conclusions and next steps
Next steps :
- Drivers of reef hydrodynamics :
- Incorporate D-Waves
- Couple D-Flow FM and D-Waves
- Determine residence time
- Test different grids and sensitivity analysis
- Regionnal hydrodynamics
- Temperature variability simulations
- Water quality (carbonate chemistry) simulations
CONCLUSION
38. Aknowledgements
- Ryan Lowe, Rebecca Green, Jessica Benthuysen
and Carlin Bowyer
- University of Western Australia, Center of
Excellence for Coral reef studies and Australian
Institute of Marine Science
- Deltares
CONCLUSION