Crop Insurance: A Strategy for Risk Management in Agriculture (2020)niranjansuresh1
Risk management in agriculture
Crop insurance schemes in India and Kerala
Evolution of crop insurance schemes in India
Crop insurance classification and approaches
Paul Dorosh, Bart Minten, Alemayehu Seyoum Taffesse
BOOK LAUNCH
Virtual Event - Ethiopia’s agri-food system: Past trends, present challenges, and future scenarios
SEP 22, 2020 - 08:30 AM TO 10:00 AM EDT
Crop Insurance: A Strategy for Risk Management in Agriculture (2020)niranjansuresh1
Risk management in agriculture
Crop insurance schemes in India and Kerala
Evolution of crop insurance schemes in India
Crop insurance classification and approaches
Paul Dorosh, Bart Minten, Alemayehu Seyoum Taffesse
BOOK LAUNCH
Virtual Event - Ethiopia’s agri-food system: Past trends, present challenges, and future scenarios
SEP 22, 2020 - 08:30 AM TO 10:00 AM EDT
Presentation by A Shee, International Livestock Research Institute, at the CCAFS Workshop on Institutions and Policies to Scale out Climate Smart Agriculture held between 2-5 December 2013, in Colombo, Sri Lanka.
How far has Africa gone in achieving the zero hunger target? Evidence from Ni...Olutosin Ademola Otekunrin
Sustainable Development Goal 2 is hinged on achieving zero hunger, worldwide, by the year 2030. Many developing countries, especially African countries, are faced with extreme hunger often caused or compounded by bad governance, conflicts and climate change. In this paper, we review patterns of Global Hunger Index scores across Africa from 2000 to 2018 noting advances and setbacks in the fight against hunger in relation to the underlying causes of hunger in these nations, using Nigeria, the poverty capital of the world, as a case study. We also review selected policies of the Nigerian government and development partners aimed at reducing hunger in Nigeria and proffer solutions that can help actualise the target of zero hunger by 2030.
Presentation by Dr Joyce Mitti from FAO Zimbabwe, at the Regional planning meeting on ‘Scaling-Up Climate-Smart Agricultural Solutions for Cereals and Livestock Farmers in Southern Africa – Building partnership for successful implementation’,13–15 September 2016, Johannesburg, South Africa
This presentation takes you through Prospects and insights of Crop Insurance. Solicitation of Business, Operation Features, challenges and Technological Interventions related Crop Insurance are shown.
as part of the IFPRI-Egypt Seminar Series- funded by the United States Agency for International Development (USAID) project called “Evaluating Impact and Building Capacity” (EIBC) that is implemented by IFPRI.
IFPRI's flagship report reviews the major food policy issues, developments, and decisions of 2017, and highlights challenges and opportunities for 2018 at the global and regional levels. This year's report looks at the impacts of greater global integration—including the movement of goods, investment, people, and knowledge—and the threat of current antiglobalization pressures. Drawing on recent research, IFPRI researchers and other distinguished food policy experts consider a range of timely topics:
■ How can the global food system deliver food security for all in the face of the radical changes taking place today?
■ What is the role of trade in improving food security, nutrition, and sustainability?
■ How can international investment best contribute to local food security and better food systems in developing countries?
■ Do voluntary and involuntary migration increase or decrease food security in source countries and host countries?
■ What opportunities does greater data availability open up for improving agriculture and food security?
■ How does reform of developed-country farm support policies affect global food security?
■ How can global governance structures better address problems of food security and nutrition?
■ What major trends and events affected food security and nutrition across the globe in 2017?
The 2018 Global Food Policy Report also presents data tables and visualizations for several key food policy indicators, including country-level data on hunger, agricultural spending and research investment, and projections for future agricultural production and consumption. In addition to illustrative figures, tables, and a timeline of food policy events in 2017, the report includes the results of a global opinion poll on globalization and the current state of food policy.
Why food safety matters to Africa: Making the case for policy actionILRI
Presentation by Steven Jaffee, Spencer Henson, Delia Grace, Mateo Ambrosio and Franck Berthe at the virtual 2020 Regional Strategic Analysis and Knowledge Support System (ReSAKSS) Conference, 3–5 November 2020.
DRM Webinar II: Governing and managing disaster risk in the agriculture secto...FAO
Over the past decade, economic damages resulting from natural hazards have amounted to USD 1.5 trillion caused by geophysical hazards such as earthquakes, tsunamis and landslides, as well as hydro-meteorological hazards, including storms, floods, droughts and wild fires. Climate-related disasters, in particular, are increasing worldwide and expected to intensify with climate change. They disproportionately affect food insecure, poor people – over 75 percent of whom derive their livelihoods from agriculture. Agricultural livelihoods can only be protected from multiple hazards if adequate disaster risk reduction and management efforts are strengthened within and across sectors, anchored in the context-specific needs of local livelihoods systems.
This series of three webinars on Disaster Risk Reduction and Management (DRR/M) in agriculture is organized to:
1. Discuss the new opportunities and pressing challenges in reducing and managing disaster risk in agriculture;
2. Learn and share experiences about disaster risk reduction and management good practices based on concrete examples from the field; discuss how to create evidence and conditions for upscaling of good practices; and
3. Exchange experiences and knowledge with partners around resilience to natural hazards and climate-related disasters.
This webinar covered:
• Monitoring risk in agriculture - the Agriculture Stress Index System
• Damage and loss from disasters on agriculture and food security - recent data and the new SFDRR monitoring mechanism - indicator C2
Presentation by A Shee, International Livestock Research Institute, at the CCAFS Workshop on Institutions and Policies to Scale out Climate Smart Agriculture held between 2-5 December 2013, in Colombo, Sri Lanka.
How far has Africa gone in achieving the zero hunger target? Evidence from Ni...Olutosin Ademola Otekunrin
Sustainable Development Goal 2 is hinged on achieving zero hunger, worldwide, by the year 2030. Many developing countries, especially African countries, are faced with extreme hunger often caused or compounded by bad governance, conflicts and climate change. In this paper, we review patterns of Global Hunger Index scores across Africa from 2000 to 2018 noting advances and setbacks in the fight against hunger in relation to the underlying causes of hunger in these nations, using Nigeria, the poverty capital of the world, as a case study. We also review selected policies of the Nigerian government and development partners aimed at reducing hunger in Nigeria and proffer solutions that can help actualise the target of zero hunger by 2030.
Presentation by Dr Joyce Mitti from FAO Zimbabwe, at the Regional planning meeting on ‘Scaling-Up Climate-Smart Agricultural Solutions for Cereals and Livestock Farmers in Southern Africa – Building partnership for successful implementation’,13–15 September 2016, Johannesburg, South Africa
This presentation takes you through Prospects and insights of Crop Insurance. Solicitation of Business, Operation Features, challenges and Technological Interventions related Crop Insurance are shown.
as part of the IFPRI-Egypt Seminar Series- funded by the United States Agency for International Development (USAID) project called “Evaluating Impact and Building Capacity” (EIBC) that is implemented by IFPRI.
IFPRI's flagship report reviews the major food policy issues, developments, and decisions of 2017, and highlights challenges and opportunities for 2018 at the global and regional levels. This year's report looks at the impacts of greater global integration—including the movement of goods, investment, people, and knowledge—and the threat of current antiglobalization pressures. Drawing on recent research, IFPRI researchers and other distinguished food policy experts consider a range of timely topics:
■ How can the global food system deliver food security for all in the face of the radical changes taking place today?
■ What is the role of trade in improving food security, nutrition, and sustainability?
■ How can international investment best contribute to local food security and better food systems in developing countries?
■ Do voluntary and involuntary migration increase or decrease food security in source countries and host countries?
■ What opportunities does greater data availability open up for improving agriculture and food security?
■ How does reform of developed-country farm support policies affect global food security?
■ How can global governance structures better address problems of food security and nutrition?
■ What major trends and events affected food security and nutrition across the globe in 2017?
The 2018 Global Food Policy Report also presents data tables and visualizations for several key food policy indicators, including country-level data on hunger, agricultural spending and research investment, and projections for future agricultural production and consumption. In addition to illustrative figures, tables, and a timeline of food policy events in 2017, the report includes the results of a global opinion poll on globalization and the current state of food policy.
Why food safety matters to Africa: Making the case for policy actionILRI
Presentation by Steven Jaffee, Spencer Henson, Delia Grace, Mateo Ambrosio and Franck Berthe at the virtual 2020 Regional Strategic Analysis and Knowledge Support System (ReSAKSS) Conference, 3–5 November 2020.
DRM Webinar II: Governing and managing disaster risk in the agriculture secto...FAO
Over the past decade, economic damages resulting from natural hazards have amounted to USD 1.5 trillion caused by geophysical hazards such as earthquakes, tsunamis and landslides, as well as hydro-meteorological hazards, including storms, floods, droughts and wild fires. Climate-related disasters, in particular, are increasing worldwide and expected to intensify with climate change. They disproportionately affect food insecure, poor people – over 75 percent of whom derive their livelihoods from agriculture. Agricultural livelihoods can only be protected from multiple hazards if adequate disaster risk reduction and management efforts are strengthened within and across sectors, anchored in the context-specific needs of local livelihoods systems.
This series of three webinars on Disaster Risk Reduction and Management (DRR/M) in agriculture is organized to:
1. Discuss the new opportunities and pressing challenges in reducing and managing disaster risk in agriculture;
2. Learn and share experiences about disaster risk reduction and management good practices based on concrete examples from the field; discuss how to create evidence and conditions for upscaling of good practices; and
3. Exchange experiences and knowledge with partners around resilience to natural hazards and climate-related disasters.
This webinar covered:
• Monitoring risk in agriculture - the Agriculture Stress Index System
• Damage and loss from disasters on agriculture and food security - recent data and the new SFDRR monitoring mechanism - indicator C2
Using Weather and Climate Information for Agricultural Insurance in AfricaGreg Benchwick
Explore the new opportunities improved weather and climate information could bring to lower risk and foster resiliency for Africa’s most vulnerable populations. This extended examination on agricultural insurance provides deeper exploration on a topic explored in an upcoming UNDP publication ‘A New Vision for Weather and Climate Services in Africa.’ To receive a copy of the upcoming report, email Greg Benchwick gregory.benchwick@undp.org
DRM Webinar III: Benefits of farm-level disaster risk reduction practices in ...FAO
Over the past decade, economic damages resulting from natural hazards have amounted to USD 1.5 trillion caused by geophysical hazards such as earthquakes, tsunamis and landslides, as well as hydro-meteorological hazards, including storms, floods, droughts and wild fires. Climate-related disasters, in particular, are increasing worldwide and expected to intensify with climate change. They disproportionately affect food insecure, poor people – over 75 percent of whom derive their livelihoods from agriculture. Agricultural livelihoods can only be protected from multiple hazards if adequate disaster risk reduction and management efforts are strengthened within and across sectors, anchored in the context-specific needs of local livelihoods systems.
This series of three webinars on Disaster Risk Reduction and Management (DRR/M) in agriculture is organized to:
1. Discuss the new opportunities and pressing challenges in reducing and managing disaster risk in agriculture;
2. Learn and share experiences about disaster risk reduction and management good practices based on concrete examples from the field; discuss how to create evidence and conditions for upscaling of good practices; and
3. Exchange experiences and knowledge with partners around resilience to natural hazards and climate-related disasters.
This webinar covered:
• measuring the benefits of farm-level disaster risk reduction practices in agriculture – approaches, methods and findings from FAO’s preliminary study;
• a case study from Uganda on how the agricultural practices for disaster risk reduction were implemented and monitored at farm level; and
• perspective from the Philippines on the challenges and opportunities to upscale the agriculture good practices for disaster risk reduction at national level.
Applying participatory climate risk and livelihoods mapping to define users’ ...Soksophors yim
Participatory climate risk and livelihoods mapping provides specific information that is required
to deliver more salient climate services (CS) for farmers within the context of farm decision-
making.
• Each major cropping and livelihood system has different CS requirements in terms of their
temporal and spatial scale.
• The identification of relevant actors to tailor CS and building partnerships at the local level is
crucial to better define mandate, roles, and types of support that each actor can provide.
• It is important to consider the anticipated future changes in peoples’ livelihoods and zones
since these have important implications for designing CS-related programs and integrating the
CS agenda into the national or provincial climate change adaptation planning.
#2021ReSAKSS - Plenary Session I – presentation by Dr. Eliane Ubalijoro, Executive Director, Sustainability in The Digital Age, Global Hub Director, Canada, Future
Earth, and Co-editor of the 2021 Annual Trends and Outlook Report (ATOR)
COVID 19 Response for Recovery and Resilience of Agriculture & Food SystemsFrancois Stepman
Vanessa Adams, VP Strategic Partnerships, Alliance for a Green Revolution in Africa (AGRA)
5 May 2020. Webinar German Agribusiness alliance: Making food systems resilient to Covid 19.
DRM Webinar I: Governing and managing disaster risk in the agriculture sectorFAO
Over the past decade, economic damages resulting from natural hazards have amounted to USD 1.5 trillion caused by geophysical hazards such as earthquakes, tsunamis and landslides, as well as hydro-meteorological hazards, including storms, floods, droughts and wild fires. Climate-related disasters, in particular, are increasing worldwide and expected to intensify with climate change. They disproportionately affect food insecure, poor people – over 75 percent of whom derive their livelihoods from agriculture. Agricultural livelihoods can only be protected from multiple hazards if adequate disaster risk reduction and management efforts are strengthened within and across sectors, anchored in the context-specific needs of local livelihoods systems.
This series of three webinars on Disaster Risk Reduction and Management (DRR/M) in agriculture is organized to:
1. Discuss the new opportunities and pressing challenges in reducing and managing disaster risk in agriculture;
2. Learn and share experiences about disaster risk reduction and management good practices based on concrete examples from the field; discuss how to create evidence and conditions for upscaling of good practices; and
3. Exchange experiences and knowledge with partners around resilience to natural hazards and climate-related disasters.
The webinar covers:
• Institutional capacity development for DRM for resilience, food security and nutrition
• Mainstreaming DRM in agriculture sector planning
• Linking planning and capacity development for DRM, resilience and climate change adaptation (CCA)
Addressing agriculture, forestry and fisheries in national adaptation plans FAO
http://www.fao.org/in-action/naps/en/
This presentation by Julia Wolf, FAO Coordinator for the joint FAO-UNDP NAP-Ag, was held during a FAO/FTA consultation on “Supplementary guidelines for addressing forestry and agroforestry in National Adaptation Plans”, 2 May 2018 in Bonn, Germany.
Applying Climate Information to Achieve the Sustainable Development GoalsGreg Benchwick
Information is a cross-cutter. It can be applied to almost everything. And improving climate information and early warning systems across Africa has the potential to significantly improve lives, build resiliency and support us in our global efforts to achieve the Sustainable Development Goals.
Developing Climate Resilient Flood and Flash Flood Management Practices to Protect Vulnerable Communities of Georgia - The Role of Risk Modelling in the Development of Flood Insurance Model in Georgia
Many ways to support street children.pptxSERUDS INDIA
By raising awareness, providing support, advocating for change, and offering assistance to children in need, individuals can play a crucial role in improving the lives of street children and helping them realize their full potential
Donate Us
https://serudsindia.org/how-individuals-can-support-street-children-in-india/
#donatefororphan, #donateforhomelesschildren, #childeducation, #ngochildeducation, #donateforeducation, #donationforchildeducation, #sponsorforpoorchild, #sponsororphanage #sponsororphanchild, #donation, #education, #charity, #educationforchild, #seruds, #kurnool, #joyhome
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By raising awareness, providing support, advocating for change, and offering assistance to children in need, individuals can play a crucial role in improving the lives of street children and helping them realize their full potential
Donate Us
https://serudsindia.org/how-individuals-can-support-street-children-in-india/
#donatefororphan, #donateforhomelesschildren, #childeducation, #ngochildeducation, #donateforeducation, #donationforchildeducation, #sponsorforpoorchild, #sponsororphanage #sponsororphanchild, #donation, #education, #charity, #educationforchild, #seruds, #kurnool, #joyhome
Presentation by Jared Jageler, David Adler, Noelia Duchovny, and Evan Herrnstadt, analysts in CBO’s Microeconomic Studies and Health Analysis Divisions, at the Association of Environmental and Resource Economists Summer Conference.
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This session provides a comprehensive overview of the latest updates to the Uniform Administrative Requirements, Cost Principles, and Audit Requirements for Federal Awards (commonly known as the Uniform Guidance) outlined in the 2 CFR 200.
With a focus on the 2024 revisions issued by the Office of Management and Budget (OMB), participants will gain insight into the key changes affecting federal grant recipients. The session will delve into critical regulatory updates, providing attendees with the knowledge and tools necessary to navigate and comply with the evolving landscape of federal grant management.
Learning Objectives:
- Understand the rationale behind the 2024 updates to the Uniform Guidance outlined in 2 CFR 200, and their implications for federal grant recipients.
- Identify the key changes and revisions introduced by the Office of Management and Budget (OMB) in the 2024 edition of 2 CFR 200.
- Gain proficiency in applying the updated regulations to ensure compliance with federal grant requirements and avoid potential audit findings.
- Develop strategies for effectively implementing the new guidelines within the grant management processes of their respective organizations, fostering efficiency and accountability in federal grant administration.
A process server is a authorized person for delivering legal documents, such as summons, complaints, subpoenas, and other court papers, to peoples involved in legal proceedings.
ZGB - The Role of Generative AI in Government transformation.pdfSaeed Al Dhaheri
This keynote was presented during the the 7th edition of the UAE Hackathon 2024. It highlights the role of AI and Generative AI in addressing government transformation to achieve zero government bureaucracy
1. Session 4: The wider picture of risk transfer and
development
Agriculture sector Disaster Risk Reduction and Management Financing
– global and regional perspectives
1
Olga Buto
Disaster Risk Reduction Specialist
Climate and Environment Division
FAO
2. 2
Content
▪ Damage and loss from natural disasters in
agriculture
▪ Trends in investment for Disaster Risk
Reduction and Management in agriculture
▪ Risk transfer mechanisms in agriculture
3. 3
Damages and losses from natural disasters in agriculture
16%
Disaster
damage in
agriculture
23% Disaster
damage
and loss in
agriculture
Source: FAO, 2018
30%
83%
11%
17%
4%
23%
0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 80% 90% 100%
VOLCANIC ERUPTION
DROUGHT
TSUNAMI
FLOOD
EARTHQUAKE
STORM
DAMAGE AND LOSS IN AGRICULTURE AS SHARE OF TOTAL DAMAGE AND LOSS ACROSS ALL
SECTORS (2006–2016), BY TYPE OF HAZARD
31% Disaster
loss in
agriculture
4. 4
8%
4%
3%
36%
49%
0% 20% 40% 60%
UNSPECIFIED
FORESTRY
FISHERIES
LIVESTOCK
CROP
DAMAGE AND LOSS IN AGRICULTURE BY
AGRICULTURAL SECTOR, PERCENTAGE SHARE
OF TOTAL (2006–2016)
Source: FAO, 2018
86%
4%
9%
1%
DAMAGE AND LOSS TO
LIVESTOCK SECTOR BY TYPE OF
HAZARD (2006–2016)
Drought
Storm
Flood
Earthquake
Damages and losses from natural disasters in agriculture
5. 5
Agriculture sector susceptibility to natural disasters in ECIS region
3%
3%
4%
5%
7%
21%
22%
35%
Landslide
Drought
Other
Wildfire
Earthquake
Storm
Extreme…
Flood
0% 10% 20% 30% 40%
ECIS REGION DISASTER FREQUENCY IN
2000-2016
Ten top countries by four
global indexes considering
disasters and climate change
1.Tajikistan
2.Serbia
3.Russia
4.Bosnia and Herzegovina
5.Romania
6.Uzbekistan
7.Kyrgyzstan
8.Albania
9.Turkey
10.Turkmenistan
Group of countries by
actual agriculture sector
susceptibility indicator
1.Uzbekistan
2.Armenia
3.Moldova
4.Cyprus
5.Tajikistan
6.Kyrgyzstan
7.Albania
8.Mongolia
6. 6
Investment in Disaster Risk Reduction and Management in agriculture
The international efforts in assessing development aid allocation to DRR
found out the following:
▪ Small proportion of humanitarian aid goes into disaster prevention and
preparedness across sectors (OECD, 2017)
▪ Focus on DRR across sectors not specifying sub-division (GFDRR, 2015)
▪ DRR is a small fraction of development assistance (in 1991-2010 - with 66% to
emergency response) (ODI, 2015)
▪ Between 2002-2014 about 13% of total adaptation finance targeted DRR (ODI,
2015)
Apart from that - Foreign Direct Investment in agriculture sectors was relatively low –
in period 1980-2006 has never exceeded 8 percent (FAO, 2012)
7. 7
Investment in Disaster Risk Reduction and Management in agriculture
“Europe” region based on OECD data
5%
95%
Total ODA to
Humanitarian
Aid
Total ODA to
all sectors
15%
85%
Total ODA to
Humanitarian
Aid in
agriculture
Total ODA to
Humanitarian
Aid
84%
2%
14%
TOTAL ODATO “HUMANITARIAN AID” IN
AGRICULTURE
Total ODA to Emergency
Response in agriculture
Total ODA to Prevention and
Preparedness in agriculture
Total ODA to
Reconstruction, Relief and
Rehabilitation in agriculture
Preliminary FAO’s assessment results based on OECD data analysis
8. 8
$0
$50
$100
$150
$200
$250
$300
2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016
Total ODA to “HumanitarianAid” sector in agriculture in Europe in 2004-
2016 ($US million)
ODA to Emergency
Response in
agriculture sectors
ODA to Prevention
and Preparedness
in Agriculture incl.
Flood Prevention
and Control in
Agriculture
ODA to
Reconstruction,
Relief and
Rehabilitation in
Agriculture sectors
$1.830
$7.633
$0.316
$0.316
$0.000
$0.000
$10.089
$0.000
$0.052
$0.257
$0.391
$1.528
$0.086
$0 $2 $4 $6 $8 $10 $12
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012
2013
2014
2015
2016
Total ODA to Prevention and Preparedness in
Agriculture incl. Flood Prevention and Control in
Agriculture ($US million)
Investment in Disaster Risk Reduction and Management in agriculture
“Europe” region based on OECD data
Preliminary FAO’s assessment results based on OECD data analysis
9. 9
83%
17% Total ODA to
Emergency
Response
Total ODA to
Emergency
Response in
agriculture
97
%
3%
Total ODA to
Prevention and
Preparedness incl.
Flood Prevention and
Control
Total ODA to
Prevention and
Preparedness in
Agriculture incl. Flood
Prevention and Control
in agriculture
17%
83%
Total ODA to
Reconstruction,
Relief and
Rehabilitation
Total ODA to
Reconstruction,
Relief and
Rehabilitation in
agriculture
Investment in Disaster Risk Reduction and Management in agriculture
“Europe” region based on OECD data
Preliminary FAO’s assessment results based on OECD data analysis
10. 10
Risk transfer mechanisms in agriculture
▪ FAO encourage a comprehensive approach to risk management
▪ Mainstreaming financial instruments into agricultural sectors for
addressing risks can be useful, but should be in accordance with the
policies of each country
▪ Social protection, climate risk insurance and climate forecast-based
financing, can help to shift the financial consequences of particular
risks
▪ A number of case studies and pilot initiatives demonstrated potential
and barriers of financial instruments for risk management in the
agricultural sectors particularly in developing countries
11. 11
Risk transfer mechanisms in agriculture
Ethiopia Project on Interlinking Insurance
with Credit for Agriculture (EPIICA)
Risk-driven reluctance to invest in inputs such as
fertilizer and improved seeds may be one of the
major reasons for low crop yields in several
countries in Africa
The obvious policy intervention to protect
farmers against such risks would appear to be
insurance indexed to local weather conditions
The results of the project in Ethiopia indicated
that weather index insurance has a palliative
rather than transformative effect, and protects
farmers who already have relatively high rates of
fertilizer use against risk
Aquaculture insurance project inVietnam
To be successful the technical knowledge on
aquaculture insurance of all stakeholders (i.e.
farmers, players in insurance business and
government officers) should be enhanced.
Coordination among agencies and units in the
process of implementation is necessary to
synchronize the work of advocacy, damage
assessment and claim settlement
Effective risk management requires a
coordinated multi-stakeholder approach.
Insurance subject should be incorporated in the
high education system and research
programmes, specifically those for developing
innovative schemes suitable for small scale
aquaculture
Crop insurance feasibility study in
Malawi
Index based risk transfer instruments
should be considered as one of the
component of a more comprehensive
risk management strategy and should be
designed in order to address specific
weather risks
Weather insurance program is still at its
very first stage both in terms of crops
involved, area covered and modalities on
how to link to insurance.
The construction of rainfall index to
address or better prevent food crisis
needs improvement to become
operational
There are continuous efforts taking place to address the specific
barriers ranging from weather monitoring, observations and
agriculturally relevant stress indices
Source: FAO, submission to UNFCCC
12. 12
▪ In-adequate weather
monitoring
▪ Weather stations have
traditionally been the
primary data source for
weather index insurance
programs
▪ In many developing
countries the number of
weather stations is very
limited
▪ Spatial interpolation
techniques that can be
used in some situations to
solve the problem of low
density of stations
Agricultural Stress Index System (ASIS)
▪ However, these indices would need to be
carefully calibrated locally
▪ Remote sensing index can work better in
countries with semi-arid conditions
▪ With respect to weather station-based indices,
a remote sensing-based index presents
the advantage of exhaustive ground
coverage
▪ On the other hand, rainfall estimates derived
from remote sensing present the disadvantage
of over/underestimating rainfall; in this case,
vegetation indices may be useful as proxy for
assessing the crop condition
Drought early warning in Kyrgyzstan
in 2014, using Agricultural Stress
Index
▪ Analysis based on satellite imagery
together with field reports indicated
that vast areas in the northwest
received below-average rainfall from
February through July
▪ Coincides with crucial periods of crop
establishment (spring wheat) and
growth stages (winter crop)
▪ GIEWS analysis based on the
Agricultural Stress Index (ASI),
indicated that wheat yields in 2014
would be close to the low yields
obtained in 2008 and 2012 when
Kyrgyzstan was affected by serious
droughts
Risk transfer mechanisms in agriculture
Source: FAO, submission to UNFCCC and GIEWS report
13. 13
Source: FAO, 2018
Access to predictable, sizable and
regular social protection benefits
can, in the short-term buffer exposure of
poor households from the impacts of
climate risks:
▪ Social protection can protect the
poor from shocks, including erosion
of productive assets and minimizing
negative coping practices
▪ Function of social protection
should be to install 'safety nets' -
for example, by providing cash or food
transfers or public works employment
during periods of crisis, as an
alternative to having poor households
sell their productive assets to buy
food.
Risk transfer mechanisms in agriculture
Safety nets
In 2017, FAO provided a
package in Somalia consisting of cash
transfers, quality local seeds, land
preparation and irrigation support,
training and safe storage equipment.
This helped families buy food and
meet immediate needs while growing
food over the medium- to longer-
term.
Forecast-based financing
▪ During the 2015–2016 El Niño,WFP’s
Food Security Climate Resilience Facility
used seasonal climate forecasts to trigger
contingency funding for community-
level resilience activities before the
anticipated shock (drought)
occurred, thereby helping preserve food
security.
14. 14
Conclusion
▪ Agriculture sector is highly affected by frequency and
intensity of natural hazards and disasters
▪ Investment in Disaster Risk Reduction and
Management measures in agriculture is low
▪ Risk transfer mechanisms are needed, as can be part
of the solution to achieve sustainable development of
rural livelihoods