Martin Luther King Jr. was born in Atlanta, Georgia in 1929. As a young boy growing up in the segregated South, he witnessed racial inequality and injustice. He attended Morehouse College and Crozer Theological Seminary, where he was influenced by the teachings of Mahatma Gandhi on nonviolent civil disobedience. In 1955, Rosa Parks' arrest for refusing to give up her seat to a white passenger on a bus sparked the Montgomery Bus Boycott, thrusting King into a leadership role in the growing civil rights movement.
Martin Luther King Jr. was a prominent civil rights leader in the 1950s and 1960s who led the Montgomery bus boycott and organized the March on Washington. He was born in 1929 in Atlanta, Georgia and became a Baptist minister, earning various advanced degrees. King was assassinated in 1968 in Memphis, Tennessee while advocating for racial equality and an end to legalized segregation.
Dr. Martin Luther King Jr. was born in 1929 in Atlanta, Georgia. He attended Morehouse College and later Crozer Theological Seminary and University of Pennsylvania. He met his wife Coretta Scott in Boston and they married in 1953, having four children together. King became a pastor in Montgomery, Alabama in 1954. He led the Montgomery Bus Boycott in 1955 after Rosa Parks was arrested, which lasted over a year and ended segregation on public buses. King delivered his iconic "I Have a Dream" speech at the March on Washington in 1963, calling for racial equality and justice. He was assassinated in 1968 while standing on the balcony of the Lorraine Motel in Memphis, Tennessee.
Martin Luther King Jr. was born in 1929 in Atlanta, Georgia. He graduated from Morehouse College and Crozer Theological Seminary, becoming a Baptist minister in 1954 in Montgomery, Alabama. In 1955, he led the Montgomery Bus Boycott after Rosa Parks was arrested for refusing to give up her seat to a white passenger. This led to the Supreme Court ruling that buses must be desegregated. King gave his iconic "I Have a Dream" speech in 1963 and won the Nobel Peace Prize in 1964. He was assassinated in 1968 while supporting sanitation workers' rights in Memphis, Tennessee.
Martin Luther King Jr. was born in 1929 in Atlanta, Georgia to parents who were both Baptist ministers. He attended Morehouse College and Crozer Theological Seminary, becoming a Baptist minister himself in 1954. In 1955, Rosa Parks' arrest sparked the Montgomery Bus Boycott, and King rose to prominence as president of the Montgomery Improvement Association. King advocated for nonviolent protest and gave speeches across the country calling for racial equality and an end to segregation. On April 4, 1968, King was assassinated in Memphis, Tennessee while supporting a sanitation workers' strike.
Martin Luther King Jr. was born in 1929 in Atlanta, Georgia. He grew up experiencing segregation as a child when his white friends were no longer allowed to play with him after starting different schools. He became a minister at age 19 and earned a PhD from Boston University. King married Coretta Scott in 1953 and they had four children together while living in Montgomery, Alabama, where King became a pastor. In 1964, King was awarded the Nobel Peace Prize for his nonviolent protests against racial inequality in the United States. He was assassinated in 1968 in Memphis, Tennessee.
Martin Luther King Jr. was born in 1929 in Atlanta, Georgia. He became a pastor and led peaceful protests against racial segregation, including the 1963 March on Washington where he delivered his iconic "I Have a Dream" speech. King advocated for nonviolent civil disobedience and was awarded the Nobel Peace Prize in 1964. On April 4, 1968, King was assassinated in Memphis, Tennessee while supporting a sanitation workers' strike. His funeral was attended by over 70,000 people.
Martin Luther King Jr. was a prominent civil rights leader in the 1950s and 1960s who led the Montgomery bus boycott and organized the March on Washington. He was born in 1929 in Atlanta, Georgia and became a Baptist minister, earning various advanced degrees. King was assassinated in 1968 in Memphis, Tennessee while advocating for racial equality and an end to legalized segregation.
Dr. Martin Luther King Jr. was born in 1929 in Atlanta, Georgia. He attended Morehouse College and later Crozer Theological Seminary and University of Pennsylvania. He met his wife Coretta Scott in Boston and they married in 1953, having four children together. King became a pastor in Montgomery, Alabama in 1954. He led the Montgomery Bus Boycott in 1955 after Rosa Parks was arrested, which lasted over a year and ended segregation on public buses. King delivered his iconic "I Have a Dream" speech at the March on Washington in 1963, calling for racial equality and justice. He was assassinated in 1968 while standing on the balcony of the Lorraine Motel in Memphis, Tennessee.
Martin Luther King Jr. was born in 1929 in Atlanta, Georgia. He graduated from Morehouse College and Crozer Theological Seminary, becoming a Baptist minister in 1954 in Montgomery, Alabama. In 1955, he led the Montgomery Bus Boycott after Rosa Parks was arrested for refusing to give up her seat to a white passenger. This led to the Supreme Court ruling that buses must be desegregated. King gave his iconic "I Have a Dream" speech in 1963 and won the Nobel Peace Prize in 1964. He was assassinated in 1968 while supporting sanitation workers' rights in Memphis, Tennessee.
Martin Luther King Jr. was born in 1929 in Atlanta, Georgia to parents who were both Baptist ministers. He attended Morehouse College and Crozer Theological Seminary, becoming a Baptist minister himself in 1954. In 1955, Rosa Parks' arrest sparked the Montgomery Bus Boycott, and King rose to prominence as president of the Montgomery Improvement Association. King advocated for nonviolent protest and gave speeches across the country calling for racial equality and an end to segregation. On April 4, 1968, King was assassinated in Memphis, Tennessee while supporting a sanitation workers' strike.
Martin Luther King Jr. was born in 1929 in Atlanta, Georgia. He grew up experiencing segregation as a child when his white friends were no longer allowed to play with him after starting different schools. He became a minister at age 19 and earned a PhD from Boston University. King married Coretta Scott in 1953 and they had four children together while living in Montgomery, Alabama, where King became a pastor. In 1964, King was awarded the Nobel Peace Prize for his nonviolent protests against racial inequality in the United States. He was assassinated in 1968 in Memphis, Tennessee.
Martin Luther King Jr. was born in 1929 in Atlanta, Georgia. He became a pastor and led peaceful protests against racial segregation, including the 1963 March on Washington where he delivered his iconic "I Have a Dream" speech. King advocated for nonviolent civil disobedience and was awarded the Nobel Peace Prize in 1964. On April 4, 1968, King was assassinated in Memphis, Tennessee while supporting a sanitation workers' strike. His funeral was attended by over 70,000 people.
Martin Luther King Jr. was an American civil rights leader born in 1929 who fought against racial segregation and discrimination through nonviolent civil disobedience. He delivered his iconic "I Have a Dream" speech advocating for racial equality and was assassinated in 1968 at the age of 39. He received the Nobel Peace Prize in 1964 for combating racial inequality through peaceful protests and civil disobedience.
The document provides biographical details about Dr. Martin Luther King Jr., including his education, family, civil rights activism, and assassination. It discusses key events like the Montgomery bus boycott led by Dr. King, his "I Have a Dream" speech, and the passage of the Civil Rights Act of 1964. The document also summarizes Dr. King's nonviolent philosophy and legacy of advancing racial justice and equality through peaceful protest.
Martin Luther King Jr. grew up facing racial inequality and was inspired by his father to begin preaching about civil rights as a young teen. He became a pastor and continued his studies, earning his doctorate. As a leader of the Civil Rights Movement, he encountered violence but pursued peaceful protests for equal rights, including organizing the 1963 March on Washington where he delivered his famous "I Have a Dream" speech. Though his work faced opposition, he was awarded the Nobel Peace Prize in 1964. Tragically, Dr. King was assassinated in 1968 while advocating for fair treatment of others.
Martin Luther King Jr. was a Baptist minister and leader in the American civil rights movement. He led the Montgomery Bus Boycott from 1955-1956 and fought against racial segregation. In his iconic "I Have a Dream" speech in 1963, King envisioned a future where blacks and whites would coexist as equals. However, he continued facing threats and harassment. On April 4, 1968, King was assassinated in Memphis, Tennessee at the age of 39.
Martin Luther King Jr. was born in 1929 in Atlanta, Georgia. He became a Baptist minister and civil rights activist who led the Montgomery Bus Boycott from 1955-1956 and helped found the Southern Christian Leadership Conference in 1957. In 1963, King delivered his iconic "I Have a Dream" speech during the March on Washington, calling for an end to racism. King advocated for racial equality and integration through nonviolent civil disobedience. He was assassinated in Memphis, Tennessee in 1968.
Martin Luther King Jr. was a civil rights leader born in 1929 in Atlanta, Georgia who dedicated his life to fighting for equality and justice for all Americans regardless of race. He believed in achieving social change through nonviolent protest. One of his most famous protests was the Montgomery Bus Boycott in 1955-1956, which was sparked by Rosa Parks' arrest for refusing to give up her seat to a white passenger. King led the boycott and gave speeches advocating for nonviolent resistance. His iconic "I Have a Dream" speech was delivered at the March on Washington in 1963, where he envisioned a future without racial discrimination. King was assassinated in 1968 but his message of equality and peaceful protest had a lasting impact
Martin Luther King Jr. was a prominent civil rights activist in the 1950s and 1960s known for his leadership of the American civil rights movement using nonviolent civil disobedience. He led the 1955 Montgomery Bus Boycott and helped found the Southern Christian Leadership Conference, serving as its first president. King was awarded the Nobel Peace Prize in 1964 for combating racial inequality through peaceful protests and is remembered today as one of the greatest leaders for civil rights and racial equality in American history.
Martin Luther King Jr was a Baptist minister and civil rights activist who led the American Civil Rights Movement in the 1950s and 1960s. He believed in using non-violent civil disobedience to achieve racial equality and justice. King led the Montgomery Bus Boycott, helped form the Southern Christian Leadership Conference to coordinate activities, and gave influential speeches promoting racial harmony, such as his "I Have a Dream" speech. He was assassinated in 1968 while supporting a sanitation workers' strike.
Martin Luther King Jr. was a Baptist minister and civil rights activist who played a key role in the American civil rights movement. He was born in 1929 and assassinated in 1968. King led the 1955 Montgomery Bus Boycott and helped found the Southern Christian Leadership Conference in 1957. With the SCLC, King organized many nonviolent protests against segregation and racial injustice, including the 1963 March on Washington where he delivered his famous "I Have a Dream" speech. King's leadership helped secure progress on civil rights legislation, but he was assassinated in 1968 while supporting a sanitation workers' strike in Memphis, Tennessee.
Remembering a Revolutionary: Martin Luther King's life in photosmaditabalnco
Martin Luther King Jr. was a pivotal leader in the American civil rights movement. The document provides a collection of photographs that depict important moments from King's life and career advocating for racial equality and nonviolent protest, including leading marches, delivering speeches, receiving awards, and spending time with his family. The photos provide a visual timeline of King's rise as a civil rights leader from the 1950s through the 1960s and demonstrate his significant impact and legacy.
Martin Luther King Jr. was an American Baptist minister and activist who was the leader of the African American Civil Rights Movement in the 1950s and 1960s. He led the Southern Christian Leadership Conference and used nonviolent civil disobedience and his influential speeches to fight against racial inequality, poverty, police brutality and unemployment. Some of the leadership challenges he faced included being arrested over 20 times for protesting, having his home bombed, and facing overwhelming criticism, but he remained committed to his vision of equality and social justice through nonviolent resistance.
Martin Luther King Jr. was born in 1929 in Atlanta, Georgia to Reverend Michael King Sr. and Alberta Williams King. He graduated from Morehouse College and Crozer Theological Seminary, where he became a Baptist minister. In 1955, he led the Montgomery Bus Boycott which launched him to become a prominent civil rights leader. King advocated for racial equality and desegregation through nonviolent civil disobedience. He was assassinated in Memphis, Tennessee in 1968 while supporting a sanitation workers' strike.
Martin Luther King Jr. was a leader of the American Civil Rights Movement who fought against racial discrimination and segregation. He was an activist and pastor who delivered influential speeches promoting equality and justice for African Americans, including his iconic "I Have a Dream" speech. King was assassinated in 1968 but is still remembered today for his work advancing freedom and civil rights through nonviolent protest.
Martin Luther King Jr. was a civil rights leader born in 1929 who was jailed over 30 times for advocating for equal treatment of black and white people. He had a passion for sharing his message of peace and bringing people of all backgrounds together from a young age when he experienced racism, which inspired his famous speeches calling for racial integration and justice. His leadership helped change the world by promoting caring, fairness and unity.
Martin Luther King Jr. was a prominent civil rights leader in the 1950s and 1960s who advocated for racial equality and desegregation through nonviolent protest. He led the Montgomery bus boycott starting in 1955 and became the head of the Southern Christian Leadership Conference, leading protests and boycotts across the South. King delivered his iconic "I Have a Dream" speech during the 1963 March on Washington, calling for an end to racism. He continued his advocacy until his assassination in 1968, and is remembered today for his leadership of the American civil rights movement through nonviolent resistance.
Martin Luther King Jr. was a prominent civil rights leader who led the Montgomery Bus Boycott in 1955 and delivered his iconic "I Have a Dream" speech during the March on Washington in 1963. He faced many threats and challenges throughout his career advocating for racial equality and desegregation, including numerous arrests and assaults. On April 4, 1968, King was assassinated while standing on the balcony of his hotel room in Memphis, Tennessee. His work and message had a profound and lasting impact on advancing civil rights in the United States.
Martin Luther King Jr. was a leader of the American civil rights movement in the 1950s and 1960s. He gave his iconic "I Have a Dream" speech during the March on Washington in 1963, calling for an end to racism and racial inequality. King was assassinated in 1968 while advocating for the rights of sanitation workers in Memphis, Tennessee.
Martine Luther King Style Of LeadershipRajesh Patel
Martin Luther King Jr. was an American clergyman and prominent leader in the civil rights movement. He received the Nobel Peace Prize in 1964 for his work to end racial segregation and discrimination through non-violent means. King was influenced early in his career by Howard Thurman and visited India in 1959, where he was inspired by Gandhi's success with non-violence. Bayard Rustin advised King on non-violence and organized the 1963 March on Washington, though King had to distance himself due to Rustin's sexuality and past political affiliations.
Martin Luther King Jr. was born in 1929 in Atlanta, Georgia and became a prominent civil rights leader in the 1950s and 1960s. He led the Montgomery Bus Boycott and founded the Southern Christian Leadership Conference to advance nonviolent protests against racial segregation and discrimination. King delivered his iconic "I Have a Dream" speech during the 1963 March on Washington, calling for an end to racism. Though he faced threats and imprisonment for his activism, King inspired millions with his message of equality and justice. He was assassinated in 1968 but remains one of the most celebrated figures in the American civil rights movement.
A presentation about Martin Luther King and Martin Luther King day for High School students.
Una presentación sobre Martin Luther King y el día de Martin Luther King en el EEUU para estudiantes o alumnos del institutos (alumnos que tienen 12-18 años).
This document discusses street literature and its place in library collections for pre-teens and teens. It defines street literature as reality-based stories set in urban neighborhoods that depict the daily lives and struggles of characters in a truthful way. The document advocates for including some street literature titles in libraries because the stories address universal themes and allow readers to relate to characters and situations. It also provides examples of classic and popular street literature authors and titles suitable for middle school and high school readers.
A Constant Attitude: Words of Wisdom From Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr.Haiku Deck
This document is a collection of 11 photos from Flickr that have been shared with Creative Commons licenses allowing for reuse and sharing of the images. The photos cover a variety of subjects and were taken by several different photographers.
Martin Luther King Jr. was an American civil rights leader born in 1929 who fought against racial segregation and discrimination through nonviolent civil disobedience. He delivered his iconic "I Have a Dream" speech advocating for racial equality and was assassinated in 1968 at the age of 39. He received the Nobel Peace Prize in 1964 for combating racial inequality through peaceful protests and civil disobedience.
The document provides biographical details about Dr. Martin Luther King Jr., including his education, family, civil rights activism, and assassination. It discusses key events like the Montgomery bus boycott led by Dr. King, his "I Have a Dream" speech, and the passage of the Civil Rights Act of 1964. The document also summarizes Dr. King's nonviolent philosophy and legacy of advancing racial justice and equality through peaceful protest.
Martin Luther King Jr. grew up facing racial inequality and was inspired by his father to begin preaching about civil rights as a young teen. He became a pastor and continued his studies, earning his doctorate. As a leader of the Civil Rights Movement, he encountered violence but pursued peaceful protests for equal rights, including organizing the 1963 March on Washington where he delivered his famous "I Have a Dream" speech. Though his work faced opposition, he was awarded the Nobel Peace Prize in 1964. Tragically, Dr. King was assassinated in 1968 while advocating for fair treatment of others.
Martin Luther King Jr. was a Baptist minister and leader in the American civil rights movement. He led the Montgomery Bus Boycott from 1955-1956 and fought against racial segregation. In his iconic "I Have a Dream" speech in 1963, King envisioned a future where blacks and whites would coexist as equals. However, he continued facing threats and harassment. On April 4, 1968, King was assassinated in Memphis, Tennessee at the age of 39.
Martin Luther King Jr. was born in 1929 in Atlanta, Georgia. He became a Baptist minister and civil rights activist who led the Montgomery Bus Boycott from 1955-1956 and helped found the Southern Christian Leadership Conference in 1957. In 1963, King delivered his iconic "I Have a Dream" speech during the March on Washington, calling for an end to racism. King advocated for racial equality and integration through nonviolent civil disobedience. He was assassinated in Memphis, Tennessee in 1968.
Martin Luther King Jr. was a civil rights leader born in 1929 in Atlanta, Georgia who dedicated his life to fighting for equality and justice for all Americans regardless of race. He believed in achieving social change through nonviolent protest. One of his most famous protests was the Montgomery Bus Boycott in 1955-1956, which was sparked by Rosa Parks' arrest for refusing to give up her seat to a white passenger. King led the boycott and gave speeches advocating for nonviolent resistance. His iconic "I Have a Dream" speech was delivered at the March on Washington in 1963, where he envisioned a future without racial discrimination. King was assassinated in 1968 but his message of equality and peaceful protest had a lasting impact
Martin Luther King Jr. was a prominent civil rights activist in the 1950s and 1960s known for his leadership of the American civil rights movement using nonviolent civil disobedience. He led the 1955 Montgomery Bus Boycott and helped found the Southern Christian Leadership Conference, serving as its first president. King was awarded the Nobel Peace Prize in 1964 for combating racial inequality through peaceful protests and is remembered today as one of the greatest leaders for civil rights and racial equality in American history.
Martin Luther King Jr was a Baptist minister and civil rights activist who led the American Civil Rights Movement in the 1950s and 1960s. He believed in using non-violent civil disobedience to achieve racial equality and justice. King led the Montgomery Bus Boycott, helped form the Southern Christian Leadership Conference to coordinate activities, and gave influential speeches promoting racial harmony, such as his "I Have a Dream" speech. He was assassinated in 1968 while supporting a sanitation workers' strike.
Martin Luther King Jr. was a Baptist minister and civil rights activist who played a key role in the American civil rights movement. He was born in 1929 and assassinated in 1968. King led the 1955 Montgomery Bus Boycott and helped found the Southern Christian Leadership Conference in 1957. With the SCLC, King organized many nonviolent protests against segregation and racial injustice, including the 1963 March on Washington where he delivered his famous "I Have a Dream" speech. King's leadership helped secure progress on civil rights legislation, but he was assassinated in 1968 while supporting a sanitation workers' strike in Memphis, Tennessee.
Remembering a Revolutionary: Martin Luther King's life in photosmaditabalnco
Martin Luther King Jr. was a pivotal leader in the American civil rights movement. The document provides a collection of photographs that depict important moments from King's life and career advocating for racial equality and nonviolent protest, including leading marches, delivering speeches, receiving awards, and spending time with his family. The photos provide a visual timeline of King's rise as a civil rights leader from the 1950s through the 1960s and demonstrate his significant impact and legacy.
Martin Luther King Jr. was an American Baptist minister and activist who was the leader of the African American Civil Rights Movement in the 1950s and 1960s. He led the Southern Christian Leadership Conference and used nonviolent civil disobedience and his influential speeches to fight against racial inequality, poverty, police brutality and unemployment. Some of the leadership challenges he faced included being arrested over 20 times for protesting, having his home bombed, and facing overwhelming criticism, but he remained committed to his vision of equality and social justice through nonviolent resistance.
Martin Luther King Jr. was born in 1929 in Atlanta, Georgia to Reverend Michael King Sr. and Alberta Williams King. He graduated from Morehouse College and Crozer Theological Seminary, where he became a Baptist minister. In 1955, he led the Montgomery Bus Boycott which launched him to become a prominent civil rights leader. King advocated for racial equality and desegregation through nonviolent civil disobedience. He was assassinated in Memphis, Tennessee in 1968 while supporting a sanitation workers' strike.
Martin Luther King Jr. was a leader of the American Civil Rights Movement who fought against racial discrimination and segregation. He was an activist and pastor who delivered influential speeches promoting equality and justice for African Americans, including his iconic "I Have a Dream" speech. King was assassinated in 1968 but is still remembered today for his work advancing freedom and civil rights through nonviolent protest.
Martin Luther King Jr. was a civil rights leader born in 1929 who was jailed over 30 times for advocating for equal treatment of black and white people. He had a passion for sharing his message of peace and bringing people of all backgrounds together from a young age when he experienced racism, which inspired his famous speeches calling for racial integration and justice. His leadership helped change the world by promoting caring, fairness and unity.
Martin Luther King Jr. was a prominent civil rights leader in the 1950s and 1960s who advocated for racial equality and desegregation through nonviolent protest. He led the Montgomery bus boycott starting in 1955 and became the head of the Southern Christian Leadership Conference, leading protests and boycotts across the South. King delivered his iconic "I Have a Dream" speech during the 1963 March on Washington, calling for an end to racism. He continued his advocacy until his assassination in 1968, and is remembered today for his leadership of the American civil rights movement through nonviolent resistance.
Martin Luther King Jr. was a prominent civil rights leader who led the Montgomery Bus Boycott in 1955 and delivered his iconic "I Have a Dream" speech during the March on Washington in 1963. He faced many threats and challenges throughout his career advocating for racial equality and desegregation, including numerous arrests and assaults. On April 4, 1968, King was assassinated while standing on the balcony of his hotel room in Memphis, Tennessee. His work and message had a profound and lasting impact on advancing civil rights in the United States.
Martin Luther King Jr. was a leader of the American civil rights movement in the 1950s and 1960s. He gave his iconic "I Have a Dream" speech during the March on Washington in 1963, calling for an end to racism and racial inequality. King was assassinated in 1968 while advocating for the rights of sanitation workers in Memphis, Tennessee.
Martine Luther King Style Of LeadershipRajesh Patel
Martin Luther King Jr. was an American clergyman and prominent leader in the civil rights movement. He received the Nobel Peace Prize in 1964 for his work to end racial segregation and discrimination through non-violent means. King was influenced early in his career by Howard Thurman and visited India in 1959, where he was inspired by Gandhi's success with non-violence. Bayard Rustin advised King on non-violence and organized the 1963 March on Washington, though King had to distance himself due to Rustin's sexuality and past political affiliations.
Martin Luther King Jr. was born in 1929 in Atlanta, Georgia and became a prominent civil rights leader in the 1950s and 1960s. He led the Montgomery Bus Boycott and founded the Southern Christian Leadership Conference to advance nonviolent protests against racial segregation and discrimination. King delivered his iconic "I Have a Dream" speech during the 1963 March on Washington, calling for an end to racism. Though he faced threats and imprisonment for his activism, King inspired millions with his message of equality and justice. He was assassinated in 1968 but remains one of the most celebrated figures in the American civil rights movement.
A presentation about Martin Luther King and Martin Luther King day for High School students.
Una presentación sobre Martin Luther King y el día de Martin Luther King en el EEUU para estudiantes o alumnos del institutos (alumnos que tienen 12-18 años).
This document discusses street literature and its place in library collections for pre-teens and teens. It defines street literature as reality-based stories set in urban neighborhoods that depict the daily lives and struggles of characters in a truthful way. The document advocates for including some street literature titles in libraries because the stories address universal themes and allow readers to relate to characters and situations. It also provides examples of classic and popular street literature authors and titles suitable for middle school and high school readers.
A Constant Attitude: Words of Wisdom From Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr.Haiku Deck
This document is a collection of 11 photos from Flickr that have been shared with Creative Commons licenses allowing for reuse and sharing of the images. The photos cover a variety of subjects and were taken by several different photographers.
Martin Luther King Jr. was a Baptist minister and leader in the American civil rights movement. He fought against racial segregation and discrimination through nonviolent civil disobedience. His most famous speech was "I Have a Dream" where he advocated for racial equality and an end to discrimination. Tragically, he was assassinated in 1968 at the age of 39 by James Earl Ray.
Martin Luther King Jr. delivers his iconic "I Have a Dream" speech to a crowd of over 200,000 people in Washington D.C. He argues that (1) while emancipation gave hope for freedom, African Americans are still not truly free and continue to suffer injustice, and they have come to protest this. (2) It is time for change, the need is urgent, and they will continue the fight for justice peacefully until it is achieved. (3) Basic logic dictates that the laws of a nation founded on high principles of liberty and justice should reflect those principles for all people, yet African Americans still suffer under laws that fall short, so their wrongs must be made right.
This document discusses several key Cold War events between the 1950s-1960s:
- The French loss at Dien Bien Phu in 1954 led to Vietnam being divided along the 17th parallel, with a communist North under Ho Chi Minh and nationalist South under Ngo Dinh Diem.
- Cuba turned communist under Fidel Castro in 1959, seeking help from the USSR and damaging relations with the US, which imposed economic sanctions.
- The US successfully intervened to overthrow Mossadegh in Iran in 1953 and install the Shah to maintain Western influence. A similar coup overthrew the government in Guatemala in 1954 due to United Fruit Company interests.
- The Soviet Union formed the
Gandhi was born in India in 1869. As a young boy, he stood up to his teacher by refusing to cheat on a spelling test, showing courage. He also took the blame for a crime committed by a friend. Gandhi continued to show courage throughout his life by making new friends in a new school, caring for his family while studying, and continuing his work advocating for Indians in South Africa despite facing attacks from white people. He led many non-violent protests and was eventually elected to high-level political positions in India, showing that he had become a widely respected leader through his courageous advocacy efforts.
Black History Month is celebrated in February to recognize African American achievements throughout history. It commemorates pivotal events in the civil rights movement such as the Underground Railroad that helped slaves escape to freedom, and key figures like Frederick Douglass who fought for abolition as a leader and orator. The civil rights movement of the 1950s-60s aimed to end racial segregation and discrimination through nonviolent protests led by Martin Luther King Jr., including Rosa Parks' refusal to give up her bus seat which sparked the Montgomery bus boycott. Major victories were the Civil Rights Act of 1964 and Voting Rights Act of 1965, though discrimination continues to be addressed today.
This document contains several quotes related to justice, equality, racism, and unity from prominent civil rights leaders and activists such as Martin Luther King Jr., Gandhi, and Oprah Winfrey. Many of the quotes discuss the importance of addressing injustice and inequality, standing up for causes that matter, and coming together as a society regardless of differences.
Martin Luther King Jr. was an influential American civil rights leader who advocated for non-violent protest and led the Montgomery bus boycott. He organized many marches and demonstrations to fight for racial equality and desegregation. Though his message of peaceful protest faced opposition, King's leadership and work helped advance civil rights and he remains one of the most important figures in the American civil rights movement.
Martin Luther King Jr. displayed great courage in confronting racial discrimination and segregation in the 1950s-1960s. He led several important non-violent protests, including the Montgomery bus boycott and March on Washington, and advocated for civil rights despite frequent arrests and threats. His most famous speech was "I Have a Dream", delivered at the Lincoln Memorial, which helped pass landmark civil rights legislation. Ultimately, MLK's courage in the face of immense challenges was instrumental in advancing the success of the Civil Rights movement.
JCFS Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr. Community Day of Servicejcfscommunication
Close to 70 employees from Jewish Child & Family Services in Chicago volunteered at 8 locations in honor of Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr. Community Day of Service on January 16, 2012.
Black History Month originated as "Negro History Week" proposed in 1926 by Dr. Carter G. Woodson to honor the achievements of African Americans. It was expanded to a month in 1976 during the nation's bicentennial. While it sparks debate about focusing a race's history to one month, it remains important to recognize influential figures such as Rosa Parks, Martin Luther King Jr., inventors Elijah McCoy and Garrett Morgan, athlete Jesse Owens, and others who helped shape American history.
This document highlights the contributions and inventions of many influential Black Americans throughout history. It discusses inventors and innovators such as Thomas Fortune who patented a dry cleaning process in the 1820s, Edward Bouchet who was the first Black person to earn a PhD from an American university, and Lyda Newman who patented an improved hair brush. It also profiles scientists, engineers, and medical innovators such as Lewis Latimer, Lloyd Hall, Percy Julian, and Mark Dean who collectively hold over 300 patents. The document notes that less than 1% of mathematicians and only a small number of National Inventors Hall of Fame inductees are Black. It concludes by providing contact information for an organization dedicated to filling gaps in portrayals of
George Washington Carver was an inventor, botanist, and chemist known for his work with peanuts and sweet potatoes. He developed over 300 products using peanuts, including peanut flour, sauces, oils, paper, shaving cream, and drinks. He also made versions of peanut butter and gasoline for Henry Ford. Using scientific methods, he tested peanuts and other crops to find new uses for agricultural products. Some of his other inventions included soaps, creams, dyes, and paints made from peanuts, sweet potatoes, soybeans, and clay.
Edward Bouchet was the first African American to earn a PhD in the United States. He earned a PhD in physics from Yale in 1874. Bouchet spent his career teaching and administering at segregated African American schools, playing an important role in educating African Americans in the late 19th century. He taught physics and chemistry for 26 years at the Institute for Colored Youth in Philadelphia. Bouchet encountered racism and was unable to secure a position at a university, despite his credentials. He remains an important figure as the namesake of the Edward Bouchet Graduate Honor Society and Award, which recognize academic excellence and expanding access to higher education.
Martin Luther King Jr. showed courage throughout his life working for civil rights and racial equality in America. He refused to give up his seat on a bus when told to for white passengers. He stayed in towns despite death threats to continue his work. After being stabbed, he advocated for healing the attacker rather than prosecution. He was willing to die for the cause of freedom and nothing deterred him from continuing to march and speak out against racial injustice.
Dr. Martin Luther King Jr. (Day of Peace) Grade 6NatalieCocco
Dr. Martin Luther King Jr. won the Nobel Peace Prize in 1964 for his leadership of the American Civil Rights Movement and his advocacy for nonviolent protest. He delivered his famous "I Have a Dream" speech promoting equal rights and an end to segregation of public places for blacks and whites. Dr. King was assassinated in 1968 but his vision of a just, non-racist society lives on today through continued progress towards civil rights and diversity.
Martin Luther King Jr. was born in Atlanta, Georgia in 1929 and dedicated his life to fighting for equality and justice for all Americans regardless of color. He studied theology and sociology in college and was inspired by his father's work as a preacher to bring about social change through peaceful means. In 1963, King delivered his iconic "I Have a Dream" speech at the March on Washington. Tragically, King was assassinated in 1968 at the Lorraine Motel in Memphis, Tennessee.
Martin Luther King Jr. was born in 1929 in Atlanta, Georgia. He received degrees from Morehouse College and Boston University before becoming a pastor in Montgomery, Alabama in 1954. In 1955, Rosa Parks was arrested for refusing to give up her seat to a white passenger, sparking the Montgomery Bus Boycott led by King. In 1963, King delivered his iconic "I Have a Dream" speech during the March on Washington. On April 4, 1968, King was assassinated while standing on the balcony of the Lorraine Motel in Memphis, Tennessee.
Martin Luther King Jr. was born in 1929 in Atlanta, Georgia to Reverend Martin Luther King Sr. and Alberta King. He attended Morehouse College and Crozer Theological Seminary, becoming a Baptist minister in 1954. In 1955, Rosa Parks was arrested for refusing to give up her seat to a white passenger, sparking the Montgomery Bus Boycott led by King. This established King as a leader in the Civil Rights Movement and advocate for nonviolent protest. Key events included the 1963 March on Washington where King delivered his iconic "I Have a Dream" speech. He was assassinated in 1968 in Memphis, Tennessee while supporting a sanitation workers' strike.
This document provides an overview of Martin Luther King Jr.'s life and work through a biography, speeches, sermons, and writings. It includes details on his family background, education, career as a pastor and civil rights leader, assassination, and legacy. Audio and video files of some of King's most famous speeches are available for download, along with quotes from his writings on topics like racial justice, nonviolence, and social change.
Martin Luther King Jr. was born in Atlanta, Georgia in 1929 and grew up in the city. He attended Morehouse College and became a Baptist minister. King led the Montgomery bus boycott in 1955 and organized additional nonviolent protests and marches for civil rights. Some of his most famous speeches include the "I Have a Dream" speech at the March on Washington in 1963. Tragically, King was assassinated in Memphis, Tennessee in 1968 at the age of 39 while supporting a sanitation workers strike.
Martin Luther King Jr. was a civil rights leader and minister who advocated for racial equality and justice through nonviolent protest. He was born in Atlanta, Georgia and became a Baptist minister after graduating from Morehouse College and Crozer Theological Seminary. King received his doctorate and married Coretta Scott, settling in Montgomery, Alabama where he would lead the bus boycott campaign after Rosa Parks was arrested. King formed the Southern Christian Leadership Conference to continue fighting segregation and later gave his iconic "I Have a Dream" speech during the March on Washington. He was assassinated in 1968, sparking riots across the US.
Martin Luther King Jr. was born in 1929 in Atlanta, Georgia and was originally named Michael King Jr. but his father changed his name to Martin Luther King Jr. after the Christian reformer Martin Luther. King faced racial discrimination and segregation as an African American in the southern United States. He earned advanced degrees and became a Baptist minister. King emerged as a civil rights leader in the 1950s and 1960s, advocating for racial equality and desegregation through nonviolent civil disobedience. He led many protests and marches, gave influential speeches, and was awarded the Nobel Peace Prize in 1964. King was assassinated in 1968 but his legacy continues to inspire through the annual Martin Luther King Jr. Day national holiday.
Martin Luther King Jr. was born in Atlanta, Georgia in 1929 and fought for civil rights and racial equality through nonviolent protest. He earned a doctoral degree and won the Nobel Peace Prize in 1964 for his work to end racial segregation and racial discrimination through civil disobedience. Dr. King was assassinated on April 4, 1968 in Memphis, Tennessee at the age of 39 while supporting a sanitation workers' strike.
Martin Luther King Jr. was born in 1929 in Atlanta, Georgia and graduated from Morehouse College at age 19 with a degree in sociology. He received a PhD from Boston University and became a Baptist minister in Montgomery, Alabama in 1954. King led the Montgomery Bus Boycott from 1955-1956 and wrote his influential book "Stride Toward Freedom". He continued his civil rights work throughout the 1960s, delivering his iconic "I Have a Dream" speech at the March on Washington in 1963. King was assassinated in Memphis, Tennessee in 1968 while supporting a sanitation workers' strike.
Martin Luther King Jr. was born in 1929 in Atlanta, Georgia to parents who were both Baptist ministers. He attended Morehouse College and Crozer Theological Seminary, becoming a Baptist minister himself in 1954. In 1955, Rosa Parks' arrest sparked the Montgomery Bus Boycott, and King rose to prominence as president of the Montgomery Improvement Association. King advocated for nonviolent protest and gave speeches across the country calling for racial equality and an end to segregation. On April 4, 1968, King was assassinated in Memphis, Tennessee while supporting a sanitation workers' strike.
Martin Luther King Jr. was born in 1929 in Atlanta, Georgia to parents who were both Baptist ministers. He attended Morehouse College and Crozer Theological Seminary, becoming a Baptist minister himself in 1954. In 1955, Rosa Parks' arrest sparked the Montgomery Bus Boycott, and King rose to prominence as president of the Montgomery Improvement Association. King advocated for nonviolent protest and gave speeches across the country calling for racial equality and an end to segregation. On April 4, 1968, King was assassinated in Memphis, Tennessee while supporting a sanitation workers' strike.
This document provides information about Martin Luther King Jr. and why his birthday is celebrated. It notes that MLK Jr. was a Baptist minister and civil rights activist born in 1929 in Atlanta. It discusses some of his notable accomplishments, such as leading the Montgomery Bus Boycott and winning the Nobel Peace Prize. It also mentions his assassination in 1968 and the establishment of his birthday as a national holiday in 1986 to honor his leadership in the civil rights movement and teachings of nonviolence.
Martin Luther King Jr. was born in Atlanta, Georgia in 1929 and skipped 9th and 12th grade, graduating from Morehouse College with a bachelor's degree in sociology. He later received a PhD from Boston University. Some of King's notable achievements included leading the Montgomery Bus Boycott, the African American Civil Rights Movement, and the March on Washington. Tragically, King was assassinated by gunshot at a motel in Memphis, Tennessee in 1968 while preparing for a speech.
Martin Luther King Jr. was a prominent civil rights leader in the 1950s and 1960s known for his advocacy of nonviolent protest. He received the Nobel Peace Prize in 1964 for combating racial inequality through peaceful civil disobedience. Some of his most notable achievements include helping to pass the Civil Rights Act of 1964 and the Voting Rights Act of 1965. He was assassinated in 1968 while supporting a sanitation workers' strike in Memphis, Tennessee.
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3. Martin is Born
Martin Luther King, Jr. is born to Rev. and Mrs.
Martin Luther King, Sr. (former Alberta Christine
Williams) in Atlanta, Georgia.
January 15, 1929
5. Martin’s Childhood
As a young boy, Martin had to see the
inequality, injustice and racial tension
that was in America. He did not like
this.
Martin and his big
sister Christine.
1935 – 1944
Dr. King attends David T. Howard Elementary School,
Atlanta University Laboratory School, and Booker T. Washington
High School. He passes the entrance examination to Morehouse
College in Atlanta, Georgia without graduating from high school.
6. Pastor King
1947
Dr. King is licensed to preach.
1948
February 25
Dr. King is ordained to the Baptist ministry and appointed
associate pastor at Ebenezer.
June 8
Dr. King graduates from Morehouse College with a BA degree in Sociology.
September
Dr. King enters Crozer Theological Seminary in Chester, Pennsylvania.
After hearing Dr. A. J. Muste and Dr. Mordecai W. Johnson preach on
the life and teachings of Mahatma Gandhi, he begins to study Gandhi
seriously.
8. Rosa Parks - 1955
Rosa Parks refused to give up her seat
on the bus to a white - she was arrested.
Editor's Notes
Slaves were brought to America by Kings and a King was destined to empower former slaves. This King was born in Atlanta, Georgia at high noon. The day was January 15, 1929. This King's name was destined to become - Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr. His original name was Michael but was changed to Martin. He grew up in the home of his parents - Alberta & Martin King. The Kings lived in Atlanta, GA. Martin's father and grandfather were Baptist ministers. King's grandfather on his mother's side (Reverend Alfred Daniel Williams) founded Ebenezer Baptist Church in Atlanta. This church was one of the most influential black churches in Atlanta at the time.
At an early age Martin learned how effective his father and grandfather used the pulpit to champion the cause of the "Negro". His grandfather felt so strongly about the cause that he was a charter member of the city's chapter of the National Association for the Advancement of Colored People. Martin's father helped to organize a successful boycott against one of the local newspapers that laughed at the "Negro's" that were seeking equal education. After all, they reasoned, the "Negro" is lucky to have the privilege of getting an education in the first place.
Against this backdrop of racial tension, injustice and inequity a young Martin Luther grew up. As a young child he was not satisfied with the status quo. He wanted to make a change, but how? At the young age of 13 Martin got a job at the Atlanta Journal. He became the youngest assistant manager of a newspaper delivery station for the company. He attended Booker T. Washington High School in Atlanta. This school was the first public high school for Blacks in Atlanta. King was an exceptional student and skipped the 9th grade and 12th grade. Having skipped two grades, he entered college at the young age of 15.
King entered Morehouse College in Atlanta at a very young age. This did not prevent him from taking and passing classes like History, Composition, Reading, Biology, Elementary French, Introduction to General Literature, Matter and Energy and a host of other college level courses. Based on his belief in education, he was sure that these courses would one day come in handy - how right he was! While in school the student paper published his article "The Purpose of Education". The influences of his grandfather (a Baptist minister), father (a Baptist minister), Benjamin E. Mays (President of Morehouse) and George D. Kelsey (Professor of Religion) were instrumental in shaping his decision to become a minister. In 1948 King is ordained and appointed assistant pastor at Ebenezer and receives his bachelor of Arts in sociology from Morehouse College.
In 1948, he was accepted to Crozer Theological Seminary. He was an excellent student, winning the Pearl Plafker Award (for the most outstanding student), becoming senior class president and receiving a fellowship to do graduate work at any university of his choice. Clearly his earlier educational decisions are paying off.
Martin Luther King Jr., choose the prestigious Ivy League school - The Boston University School of Theology. While at Boston University, he begins to court a student who attends class at the New England Conservatory of Music. She is from a small town named Heiberger, Alabama and her name is Corretta Scott. On June 18, 1953 on the lawn of Coretta Scott's parents (Obadiah and Bernice McMurray Scott), Martin was wed to Coretta. They were blessed with four children; Yolanda Denise, Martin Luther III, Dexter Scott and Bernice Albertine.
In 1954 Martin Luther King accepted the pastorship of the Dexter Avenue Baptist Church in Montgomery, Alabama. During his tenure at the church he completed his doctoral dissertation - "A comparison of the Conceptions of God in the Thinking of Paul Tillich and Henry Nelson Wieman". In 1955 he received his Ph.D from Boston University and from now on would be addressed: Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr.
Dr. King's exposure to non-violent civil disobedience was shaped by Thoreau's Essay on Civil Disobedience, Walter Rauschenbush's Christianity and the Social Crisis, Dr. Mordecai Johnson's sermon on the teachings of Mohandas Gandhi and his personal feelings about right and wrong.
Across town one afternoon a seamstress tired and on her way home from work had her own thoughts about right and wrong - Her name was Rosa Parks. She was coming home from work and was tired. Physically tired and mentally tired of the humiliating segregation policies of the time. The Montgomery, Alabama bus system had a policy that stated "Negro's must ride in the back of the bus and Whites would ride in the front. In the event that a white person did not have a seat - a Negro was required to give up his or her seat. This was one such day and Rosa refused to give up her seat to a white passenger. The bus driver called the police and Rosa Parks was arrested and released on $100 bond. Jo Ann Robinson and others called for a boycott of the bus system.
Years later Rosa would write about that day in her book, Quiet Strength (Zondervan Publishing House, 1994), "Our mistreatment was just not right, and I was tired of it,.." "I kept thinking about my mother and my grandparents, and how strong they were. I knew there was a possibility of being mistreated, but an opportunity was being given to me to do what I had asked of others."
The boycott was set for Monday, December 5, 1955. The day Rosa Parks is to be tried. On this day the Montgomery Improvement Association (MIA) is formed by leaders in the black community and Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr. is named president. It is now at this crucial moment that Dr. Kings training and leadership skills are put into action. A formal boycott of the bus system is called. Numerous meetings are held nightly to update the residents on the status of the case. Thousands of leaflets are printed and distributed in the community. The Negro community pulls together. They car-pool and walk to work.
"The Establishment" did not take this boycott sitting down. Dr. King's house was bombed, he received threatening telephone calls and was arrested and thrown in jail while car pooling. Over 100 car poolers are ticketed within a short time. After more than 365 days of boycotting, car pooling, non-violent expression of civil disobedience and legal proceedings by Robert Carter, (counsel for the NAACP) the U.S. District Court panel rules (in the case of Broder v. Gayle) that segregation on Alabama and Montgomery's intrastate buses in unconstitutional. The Alabama Public Service Commission formally asks the U.S. Supreme Court to reverse the federal court's June decision. The U.S. Supreme Court affirms the lower court opinion and issues a mandate to Montgomery officials. U.S. Marshalls deliver the injunction to Alabama. That same evening King holds mass meetings of the MIA and the attendees vote to end the boycott.
Dr. Martin Luther King has won his first battle on his way to the mountain top. He was now seen as a leader of the Black people. A battle has been won, but the war is far from over. In 1957 he is voted to head the Southern Leaders Conference (later known as the Southern Christian Leadership Conference).
In 1959 Dr. King left Montgomery to become pastor of the Ebenezer Baptist Church in Atlanta. King's schedule for the next few years was very busy. He traveled to Ghana, Nigeria and Ghana in Africa and extensively within the United States delivering speeches and addresses. During one such engagement, a book signing, he was stabbed in the chest by a deranged Black woman - Izola Ware Curry. He visited India, the home of Gandhi this same year. In 1960 the Student Nonviolent Coordinating Committee (SNCC) was formed. In February students (four) started a "sit in" in an effort to desegregate public eating facilities. The movement spread and soon pool, libraries, beaches and parks became part of the movement. That was 1960.
Presidential candidate Senator John F. Kennedy and Dr. Martin Luther King Jr. meet. In 1961 he continues the movement against segregation in Albany, GA. This time the movement fails to make headway. Dr. King regroups and leads a series of successful non-violent demonstrations in Birmingham, Alabama. During this movement he was put in jail. From his jail cell he wrote the now famous "Letter from a Birmingham Jail." A few days later Birmingham police use fire hoses and dogs against "Children's Crusade". Over 1000 youngsters are arrested. Television cameras capture the horrific scenes from Birmingham and beam them directly into the homes of millions. Americans, for the first time can feel the injustice that the southern Blacks had to endure. Less than 2 weeks after the Children's Crusade, the motel that King is staying at (The Gaston Motel) is bombed. The home of King's brother, The Reverend A.D. King is also bombed. Within days Federal troops arrive in Birmingham to restore peace. On June 11, 1963 President Kennedy announces a new civil rights proposal.
Still full of energy, Dr. King delivers his famous "I have a Dream" speech to the marchers on Washington, at the Lincoln Memorial, where the Civil Rights Bill was pending. Over two hundred and fifty thousand (250,000) came to hear the speeches made that day. Kings hard work did not go un-noticed. He was selected as Time's "Man of the Year", and later in 1964 he was awarded the Nobel Peace Prize for his adherence to the principals of nonviolence and for setting an example for others who sought for change peacefully in other areas of the world. King tried to transfer his methods of non violence to the west coast and the north east, but met with little success in these areas.
In 1965 he returned to the South and helped to bring about the passage of the Voting Rights Act of 1965. In 1966, he again headed north with limited success. On July 10, 1966 "Freedom Sunday" was held at Soldier's Field in an effort to make Chicago an "open city" for housing. By August a "Summit Agreement" is reached with Mayor R. Daley and other Chicago leaders.
By 1967, Dr. King spoke out against the war in Vietnam. He felt that the war was draining the country's resources. He felt that the citizens of the United States should fight poverty, misery and disease rather than the Vietcong. In 1967 he called for a "Poor Peoples March on Washington". On March 18, 1968 Dr. King speaks to striking sanitation workers in Memphis. Ten days later he leads a march that is disrupted by violence. On April 3, 1968 he delivers, what is to be his final speech at Bishop Charles J. Mason Temple in Memphis.
"We've got some difficult days ahead. But it doesn't matter with me now. Because I have been to the mountaintop. And I don't mind.Like anybody, I would like to live a long life. Longevity has its place. But I'm not concerned about that now. I just want to do God's will. And He's allowed me to go up to the mountain. And I've looked over. And I've seen the promised land.I may not get there with you. But I want you to know tonight, that we, as a people will get to the promised land. And I'm not fearing any man. Mine eyes have seen the glory of the coming of the Lord"
On April 4, 1968, while outside the Lorraine Motel in Memphis, Tennessee a sniper's bullet violently and tragically ended the life of a man who stood firm for non-violence. Funeral Services for Dr. King were held on April 9, 1968 in Atlanta. Two services were held, one at Ebenezer Baptist Church and the other at Morehouse College. The President of the United States ordered that all flags be flown at half staff and proclaimed a day of mourning.
Source: http://images.google.com/imgres?imgurl=www.topblacks.com/images/martin-luther-king-jr.jpg&imgrefurl=http://www.topblacks.com/civil-rights/martin-luther-king-jr.htm&h=173&w=200&prev=/images%3Fq%3DMartin%2BLuther%2BKing%26svnum%3D10%26hl%3Den%26lr%3D%26ie%3DUTF-8
racial segregation,
the practice of restricting people to certain circumscribed areas of residence or to separate institutions (e.g., schools, churches) and facilities (parks, playgrounds, restaurants, restrooms) on the basis of race or alleged race. Racial segregation provides a means of maintaining the economic advantages and superior social status of the politically dominant group, and in recent times it has been employed primarily by white populations to maintain their ascendancy over other groups by means of legal and social color bars. Historically, however, various conquerors--among them Asian Mongols, African Bantus, and American Aztecs--have practiced discrimination involving the segregation of subject races. Racial segregation has appeared in all parts of the world where there are multiracial communities, except where racial amalgamation has occurred on a large scale, as in Hawaii and Brazil. In such countries there has been occasional social discrimination but not legal segregation. In the Southern states of the United States, on the other hand, legal segregation in public facilities was current from the late 19th century into the 1950s. (See Jim Crow Law.) The Civil Rights Movement was initiated by Southern blacks in the 1950s and '60s to break the prevailing pattern of racial segregation. This movement spurred the passage of the 1964 Civil Rights Act, which contained strong provisions against discrimination and segregation in voting, education, and the use of public facilities.
Elsewhere, racial segregation was practiced with the greatest rigor in South Africa, where, under the apartheid system, it was an official government policy from 1950 until the early 1990s.
Source: http://danandmary.com/his1121ass2.htm
In a move that gave racial inequality and segregation an air of legitimacy for the next half century, the Supreme Court’s Plessy vs. Ferguson decision in 1896 required railroads to provide "separate but equal" accommodations for black and white citizens.
The case involved Homer Plessy, a black man who defied the laws of the land and sat in the white section of a railroad car. Plessy was initially fined $25, but he contested the decision all the way to the Supreme Court. The high court upheld the state’s separate but equal doctrine.
Plessy vs. Ferguson led to more than just separate railroad cars. Schools, restaurants, courthouses, bathrooms and even drinking fountains were also segregated. The law influenced most kinds of interaction between blacks and whites.
The decision also helped fuel racial violence throughout the country. About 3,000 southern blacks were lynched or burned to death between 1882 and 1900. Southerners also enacted notorious "Jim Crow" laws that separated whites and blacks, and all but denied blacks any kind of voting privileges.
blacks coped with these laws by moving to the somewhat more tolerant North. Nearly 6 million blacks migrated North from 1919 to 1950, a movement known as the Great Migration.
The church, always the cornerstone of life and culture for African Americans in the South, provided hope for blacks during this awful period. Even after migrating to the North, the familiar refrains of hymns and spirituals provided a welcome to those who moved from the South.
As the 20th century dragged on, equality for blacks slowly inched forward. By 1946, President Harry Truman’s Committee on Civil Rights found massive injustices drawn along racial lines. But the U.S. Congress still failed to pass any Civil Rights legislation.
Finally, in 1954, the Supreme Court undid Plessy vs. Ferguson by issuing its decision in the Brown vs. Board of Education case. In 1950, 9-year-old Linda Brown of Topeka, Kan., was banned from attending an all-white school.
Argued all the way to the Supreme Court by NAACP lawyer and rising legal star Thurgood Marshall, Brown vs. Board of Education banned segregation and ordered all state and local governments to immediately integrate their schools.
Source: http://www.blackvoices.com/feature/bhm_00/plessy.htm
Martin skipped 9th and 12th grade. He was very smart. He attended college at age 15!
Rosa Parks refused to give up her seat “whites only” on the bus to a white – she was arrested. Dr. King organized a boycott (with Reverend Ralph Abernathy) by blacks of public transportation in Montgomery, Alabama on Dec. 5, 1955 for more than a year.
This and other actions of civil disobedience helped black Americans gain Civil Rights.
A seamstress tired and on her way home from work had her own thoughts about right and wrong - Her name was Rosa Parks. She was coming home from work and was tired. Physically tired and mentally tired of the humiliating segregation policies of the time. The Montgomery, Alabama bus system had a policy that stated "Negro's must ride in the back of the bus and Whites would ride in the front. In the event that a white person did not have a seat - a Negro was required to give up his or her seat. This was one such day and Rosa refused to give up her seat to a white passenger. The bus driver called the police and Rosa Parks was arrested and released on $100 bond. Jo Ann Robinson and others called for a boycott of the bus system.