The document discusses different types of animal behavior, including innate behavior and learned behavior. It provides examples of innate behaviors such as fish swimming and geese migrating. Innate behaviors are inborn and do not require teaching or learning. Fixed action patterns are also discussed, where animals perform specific behaviors in response to stimuli, such as male robins attacking bundles of red feathers. Reflex actions and instinct are distinguished, with reflexes being simple responses to stimuli and instincts being more complex, innate behaviors. Experiments studying animal problem-solving and behavior patterns are summarized.

1. ANIMAL BEHAVIOR
R.N COLLAGE, HAJIPUR
P.G DEPT OF ZOOLOGY
TOPIC-ANIMAL BEHAVIOR
SUBMITTED
BYSUPERVISOR
RAHULKUMAR
M.SC (3rd
Semester

2. ROLL NO-.201560041035
The first type is innate behavior .
From Latin innatus “inborn,”
Innate behaviors are those you develop on your own, which do not
need to be taught or learned.
Innate behavior is something the animal is born knowing how to
do.
Examples include fish swimming and geese migrating.

4. An instinctive behavior of shaking
water form wet fur.

5. Fixed Action patterns
Male English
robins will attack a
bundle of red
feathers placed in
their territory, but
will ignore a stuffed juvenile(no red)

6. Fixed Action patterns

7. Fixed Action patterns
 When presented with unrealistic models, as long as some red is present, the attack behavior
occurs.
 No attack occurs with the realistic model that lacks red.

8. Innate behavior
Behavior determined by the “hard-wiring” of the nervous system is
Innate behavior .
It is usually inflexible, a given stimulus triggering a given
response.
Example: A salamander raised away form water until long after its
siblings begin swimming successfully will swim every bit as well
as they the very first time it is placed in the water.
Clearly this rather elaborate response is “built in” in the species and
not something that must be acquired by practice.

9. Types if innate behavior
Irritability def.: Irritability is an excessive
response to
stimuli.
Conditions
Irritability can occur in people experiencing any
of a variety of conditions, including:
Anxiety Alcoholism fever
Instinct

10. Instinct is the inherent inclination of a living organism
toward a particular complex behavior.
Any behavior is instinctive if it is performed without being
based upon prior experience.
An instinct should be distinguished from a reflex, which
is a simple response of an organism to a specific
stimulus.
Such as the contraction of the pupil in response to bright
light or the spasmodic movement of the lower leg when
the knee is tapped.
The behavior in fixed way is called fixed action pattern.

11. Reflex actions
Of the many kinds of neural activity, there is one simple
kind in which 0f stimulus leads to an immediate actions .this
is reflex activity. The word reflex was introduced in to
biology by a 19th
century English neurologist, Marshall hall,
who fashioned the word because he thought of the muscles as
reflecting a stimulus much as a well reflects a ball thrown
against it. By reflex, Hall meant the automatic response of a
muscle or several muscles to a stimulus that excites an
afferent nerve. The term is now used to describe an action
that is an inborn central nervous systems activity, not
involving consciousness, in which a particular stimulus , by

12. exciting an afferent nerve , produces a stereotyped,
immediate response of muscle or gland
Lorenz and Tinbergen(1938) examined egg-rolling
behavior in the graylag goose.
If the egg slipped away, she continued the motion.
Once started, the behavior must be completed in a
specific way.

13. Kohler’s Experiment (1945)
Kohler experimented with sultan
the chimp who was caged with
food strategically placed outside
the cage.
Some boxes and sticks where
placed in the cage.
Through some manipulation of
these objects which got sultan
nowhere, he seemed to suddenly
figure out that the sticks could be
joined to get the food.
He use insight to solve the problems.

14. Kohler used four chimps in his experiments, Chica,
Grande,konsul and Sultan

15. Thank you