POLITICS AND GOVERNANCE / PHIL. CONST.

2. BRIEF HISTORY
Aristotle 
(in his
treatise on
Politics) Morsiglio of Padua,
Cromwell, Locke and
Montesquieu Constitutions
of modern
day’s states

3. Doctrine of Separation of Powers in the
Philippines
(Constitution, Art. III, Sec. 1). “A Republican form of
government rests on the conviction that sovereignty
should reside in the people and that all government
authority must emanate from them. It abhors the
concentration of power on one or a few, cognizant that
power, when absolute, can lead to abuse, but it also shuns
a direct and unbridled rule by the people, a veritable
kindling to the passionate fires of anarchy. Our people
have accepted this notion and decided to delegate the basic
state authority to principally three branches of
government — the Executive, the Legislative, and the
Judiciary – each branch being supreme in its own sphere
but with constitutional limits and a firm tripod of checks
and balances .”

4. Meaning of the Doctrine
1. The division of powers of the government into 3:

5. 2. The distribution of powers of the government
into three major branches:

6. Purpose of the Doctrine
• Prevention of Monopoly of power….
forestalls dictatorship or despotism
Note:
Each branch is separated from and
independent of each other, each is prevented
from invading the domain of others.

7. Branches of the Philippine
Government: Separation of Powers

8.  Execution of the laws

9. Executive Branch
• President  Head
▫ Elected by vote of the people
▫ Term of office  6 yrs. (as well as the V.
Pres.)
▫ Chief Executive
▫ Represents the government as a whole
▫ Ensures that all laws are enforced by the
officials & employees of his department
▫ Commander-in-Chief of the “Armed Forces of
the Philippines”

11. LEGISLATIVE
BRANCH
- Has the authority to make, alter or
repeal laws, is the CONGRESS

12. CONGRESS
•Has the power of the pursue
▫ The power to tax
▫ The power to appropriate
•Composed of:
▫ Senate
▫ House of representatives

13. The Senate
• 24 Senators
• 6 yrs. Term of office

15. The House of Representatives
• Not more than 250
members
• “Congressmen”
• 3 yrs. Of term of office