ARTICLE 9 - IX - Constitutional Commissions of the Philippines PREAMBLE We, the sovereign Filipino people, imploring the aid of Almighty God, in order to build a just and humane society, and establish a Government that shall embody our ideals and aspirations, promote the common good, conserve and develop our patrimony, and secure to ourselves and our posterity, the blessings of independence and democracy under the rule of law and a regime of truth, justice, freedom, love, equality, and peace, do ordain and promulgate this Constitution.

1. ARTICLE IX.
CONSTITUTIONAL
COMMISSIONS
By: John Paul Espino
De La Salle University – Dasmarinas
Facebook.com/Johnpaul.dss

3. INDEPENDENT CONSTITUTIONAL
BODIES/AGENCIES
1. Civil Service Commission
2. Commission on Elections
3. Commission on Audit

4. COMMON PROVISIONS
1. Disabilities of members on holding other offices during continuance of office
2. salaries shall not be decreased during their tenure
3. power to appoint and remove their officials and employees
4. multi – headed
5. powers and functions are defined in the Constitution

5. 6. Commissioners are required to be Natural-born
7. terms of office staggered with a 2 year interval
8. commissioners are ineligible for reappointment for a period beyond the maximum tenure of 7 yrs
9. appointment for vacancy only for the unexpired portion of the term
10. commissioners cannot be appointed in a temporary or acting capacity

6. 11. can be removed only by impeachment
12. enjoys fiscal autonomy
13. each commission en banc promulgate rules on pleadings and practice
14. cases brought before each Commission must be decided by majority vote of all its members within
60 days

7. CIVIL SERVICE COMMISSION
COMPOSITION■ 1 chairman and 2 commissioners (7/5/3)

8. QUALIFICATIONS
■ natural-born
■ at least 35 years of age at the time of appointment
■ with proven capacity for public administration
■ not a candidate for any elective position in the elections immediately preceding their
appointment

9. TERM
■ 7 years without reappointment

10. Civil Service – professionalized body of men who have made of the government service a
life time career
-governed by the “merit principle” in the selection of officers and employees

11. MERIT SYSTEM
■ selection of an appointee based on his merit and fitness
Non- Competitive positions
1. policy determining
2. primarily confidential
3. highly technical

12. SCOPE
1. embraces all branches, subdivisions, instrumentalities, and agencies of the Government,
including government-owned or controlled corporations with original charters.
2. made only according to merit and fitness to be determined, as far as practicable, and,
except to positions which are policy-determining, primarily confidential, or highly
technical, by competitive examination.

13. PURPOSE
■ to form a professionalized body of public servants possessing a certain degree of
training and competence

14. PROHIBITIONS
1. defeated candidate in an election is disqualified for appointment or reappointment to
any office in the government within 1 year following such election, except in barangay
elections
2. elective officials are ineligible for appointment
3. against double, additional, or indirect compensation

15. COMMISSION ON ELECTIONS
■ COMPOSITION
■ 1 chairman, 6 Commissioners

16. *1 chairman, 6 Commissioners ( 4-7/2-5/1-3)
■ Natural-born citizen
■ at least 35 years of age at the time of appointment
■ holders of a college degree
■ not have been candidates for any elective position in the immediately preceding
elections.
■ majority, including the chairman shall be members of the Philippine Bar who have
been engaged in the practice of law fo at least 10 years

17. TERM
■ 7 years without reappointment

18. POWERS AND FUNCTIONS OF
COMELEC
1. to enforce laws relative to the conduct of elections
2. to decide election contests
3. to deputize law enforcement agencies
4. register political parties
5. to recommend removal or disciplinary action
6. power to regulate public utilities and media during elections

19. ■ political party- voluntary organization advocating certain principles and policies
■ election period
■ -90 days before the day of election, ends 30 days thereafter
■ campaign period
■ maximum of 90 days before the day of election

20. COMMISSION ON AUDIT
Composition
■ 1 chairman, 2 Commissioners
QUALIFICATIONS
■ Natural-born citizens
■ at least 35 years of age at the time of appointment
■ must be Certified Public Accountants, with not less than 10 years of auditing experience, or
members of the Philippine Bar who have been engaged in the practice of law for at least 10 years
■ not have been candidates for any elective position in the immediately preceding elections.

21. POWERS AND FUNCTIONS OF COA
1. TO examine, audit, settle accounts (revenue receipts/fund)
2. central accounting office of the government
3. promulgate rules and regulations