The document provides a comprehensive review of DNA structure and replication for an IB Biology HL course. It includes various tasks such as drawing nucleotides and double strands, comparing DNA and RNA, explaining processes like semi-conservative replication, and detailing the roles of enzymes involved in DNA replication. Additionally, it touches on the significance of Rosalind Franklin's X-ray work and the Hershey-Chase experiment in understanding DNA as genetic material.

1. IB Biology HL: DNA Structure & Replication Review NAME:
1. Draw a single nucleotide,labelingthe phosphate,deoxyribose
sugar and nitrogen base,inthe box tothe right:
2. Compare DNA and RNA.
3. Draw and label a double strandedsegmentof DNA with fournucleotides (arrangedintwobase pairs):
4. The diagram showsa DNA double helix.Howdoesadouble helix form?What bondsholditinposition?
5. Draw and label anucleosome:
6. What are the functionsof nucleosomes?
7. Describe whatismeantby ‘Highly-repetitiveDNA sequences’andlistseveralfunctionsof these sequences.
DNA RNA
Similarities:
Differences:

2. 8. What informationdid RosalindFranklin’sX-rayimage show aboutthe structure of DNA?
9. Outline howthe Hershey-ChaseexperimentshowedDNA,notprotein,wasthe geneticmaterial.
10. What isthe mainpurpose of replicatingDNA?
11. Explainthe meaningof ‘DNA replication is semi-conservative’.
12. How doescomplementarybase pairingensure the accuracyof the new strandof DNA?
13. Describe howthe PolymeraseChainReaction(PCR) works,includingthe role of TaqDNA Polymerase:
14. Complete the table withthe functions of these five enzymes involvedinDNA replication.
Enzyme Function
Helicase
DNA Primase
DNA Polymerase III
DNA Polymerase I
DNA Gyrase
(Topoisomerase)
DNA Ligase
15. What are Okazakifragments?
16. In whichdirectiondoesDNA replicationoccur?
17. Describe the use of DideoxyribnonucleotidestosequenceunknownDNA samples.