This document provides an overview of biological diversity and classification systems. It discusses how living organisms can be found in all environments on Earth and estimates that 40% of species remain undiscovered. The document then explains the importance of classification for organizing the study of life forms and outlines several classification systems, including the two kingdom, three kingdom, and five kingdom systems. It provides flow charts illustrating the plant and animal kingdoms.

1. BIOLOGY PRESENTATIONS

2. DIVERSITY IN LIVING
WORLD
BY:-
SHIVANSHU VERMA
INDRESH PR. SINGH
SUVRAT TIWARI
LAKSHYA VISHNOI
RATN KR. SHARMA
PARTH PANDEY

3. BIOLOGICAL DIVERSITY
• Living organism are found in water, on land and in air .They van live in any type of
environment – from the polar ice caps to the equator from mountain tops to ocean
deeps.
• They are many forms of plants and animals which are still unexplored. It is
estimated that out of the total plant and animal populations, we have explored
only 60 per cent .Furthermore, the continual process of evolutions is expected to
give rise to many more new forms in future.
• This indicates that the degree of diversity is endless and shall continue to remain
the same till life exists on the earth.

4. CLASSIFICATION
• The system of grouping of living forms on the basis of similarities and differences
is called is classification. The branch of biology concerned with classification is
called taxonomy.

5. IMPORTANCE OF CLASSIFICATION
• It makes the study of wide variety of organisms easy.
• It projects before us a picture of all life forms at a glance.
• It is essential to understand the interrelationships among different groups of
organisms.

6. • The process of scientific naming of plants and animals is called nomenclature.
• The system of nomenclature was described by Carl I Linnaeus (1735) in the tenth
edition of his book Systema Nature.
• Linnaeus is also known as the Father of taxonomy.

7. MAJOR CATEGORIES IN
CLASSIFICATION
Kingdom
Phylum (for animals)/Divisions (for plants)
Class
Order
Family
Genus
Species

8. VARIOUS SYSTEM OF
CLASSIFICATION
• Two-kingdom system of classification:-
• This system of classification was given by carl von Linnaeus
• According to this system, the whole living being are put into two kingdoms.
1.Plant Kingdom
2.Animal Kingdom

9. THREE KINGDOM CLASSIFICATION
• To solve the problem of two kingdom system, Ernst Haeckel (1886), a German
zoologist advocated the three kingdom classifications, in which the whole beings
put into three kingdoms.
1.Protista Kingdom
2.Plant Kingdom
3.Animal Kingdom

10. FIVE KINGDOM CLASSIFICATION
• R.H Whittaker (1969), an American ecologist, advocated a five kingdom system of
classification in which the whole living world has been classified into the following
five kingdoms:
1.Kingdom Monera
2.Kingdom Protista
3.Kingdom Plantae
4.Kingdom Fungi
5.Kingdom Animalia

11. CHARACTERISTICS OF FIVE
KINGDOM
Organism
Prokaryotic
Monera
Eukaryotic
Unicellular
Protista
Multicellular
With Cell Wall
Do not perform
Photosynthesis
Fungi
Able to Perform
Photosynthesis
Plantae
Without Cell wall
Animalia

12. PLANT KINGDOM FLOW CHART
Plant Kingdom
CRYPTOGAMAE
(seedless and
flowerless)
Plant body not
differentiated
into roots ,
stem and
leaves.
Thallophyta
Algae
Lichens
Plant body
differentiated
into roots ,
stems and
leaves.
Bryophyta
Mosses
Liverworts
Hornworts
Pteridophyte
Ferns
PHANEROGAMAE
(bearing seeds and
flowers)
Angiosperms
Monocotyledons
Dicotyledons
Gymnosperms
Conifers
Cycades

13. ANIMAL KINGDOM FLOW CHART
Animal kingdom
Cellular Level of
organisation
Tissue level of
organisation
No body cavity between
epidermis and
gastrodermis
Coelenterate,
Platyhelminthes
Pseudocoelom
Nematoda
Coelomate
Mesodermal cells from a
single cell during growth
of the embryo
Coelom formed iron
pouches pinched off
from the endoderm
Non notochord
Echinodermata
Notochord present
Chordata

16. THE END