This document discusses different types of diuretic drugs. It defines diuretics as drugs that increase urine excretion by the kidneys. It classifies common diuretics and provides details about each, including their chemical names, formulations, brand names, and storage conditions. Common loop diuretics discussed include furosemide, bumetanide, and torsemide. Thiazide diuretics mentioned include chlorothiazide, hydrochlorothiazide, benzthiazide, and xipamide. The potassium-sparing diuretic spironolactone is also summarized.

1. S U S H M I T A H I R E M A T H
A S S I S T A N T P R O F E S S O R
K L E C O L L E G E O F P H A R M A C Y , H U B B A L L I .
DIURETICS

2. Definition
 Diuretics are the drugs which increses the rate of
urine excretion by kidney.
 Diuretics alone can control mild type of
hypertension.
 In combination with antihypertensive agents, they
can be used to treat moderate to severe type of
hypertension.
 Diuretics help the body get rid of extra fluid and salt.

3. Classification

5. Acetazolamide
 Chemical name: N-(5-sulfamoyl-1,3,4-thiadiazol-
2-yl)acetamide.
 Stability and storage condition: Stored in
a well-closed container at 15 to 30°C.
 Formulations: Tablets, Capsules, Solutions.
 Brand names: Diamox, Aceact, Acetariv.

6. Frusemide
 Chemical structure:
 Chemical name: 4-chloro-2-(furan-2-ylmethylamino)-
5-sulfamoylbenzoic acid.
 Stability and storage condition: Store at room
temperature. Keep away from light.
 Formulations: Tablets, Injection.
 Brand names: Furomide MD, Lasix, Frusix, Frusenex.

7. Bumetanide
 Chemical name: 3-(butylamino)-4-phenoxy-5-
sulfamoylbenzoic acid.
 Stability and storage condition: Store at room
temperature. Keep away from light.
 Formulations: Tablets, Injection, Solution.
 Brand names: Bumex, and Burinex.

8. Chlorthalidone
 Chemical name: 2-chloro-5-(1-hydroxy-3-oxo-2H-
isoindol-1-yl) benzene sulfonamide.
 Stability and storage condition: Store in a
closed container at room temperature. Keep away
from heat, moisture, and direct light.
 Formulations: Tablets.
 Brand names: Hygroton, Thalitone, and
Chlorthalid

9. Benzthiazide
 Chemical name: 3-(benzylsulfanylmethyl)-6-
chloro-1,1-dioxo-4H-1lambda6,2,4-
benzothiadiazine-7-sulfonamide.
 Stability and storage condition: Store at room
temperature.
 Formulations: Tablets.
 Brand names: Aquatag, Dihydrex, Diucen,
Edemax, Exna, Foven.

10. Metolazone
 Chemical name: 7-chloro-2-methyl-3-(2-
methylphenyl)-4-oxo-1,2-dihydroquinazoline -6-
sulfonamide.
 Stability and storage condition: Store at 20° to
25°C.
 Formulations: Tablets.
 Brand names: Mykrox, Zaroxolyn, Lazon

11. Xipamide
 Chemical name: 4-chloro-N-(2,6-dimethylphenyl)
-2-hydroxy-5-sulfamoyl benzamide.
 Stability and storage condition: Store it at room
temperature in an airtight container.
 Formulations: Tablets.
 Brand names: Diurexan, Aquaphor, Aquaphoril.

12. Spiranolactone
 Chemical name: 10,13-dimethyl-3,5'-dioxospiro
[2,6,7,8,9,11,12,14,15,16-decahydro-1H-cyclopenta
phenanthrene-17,2'-oxolane]-7-yl] ethanethioate.
 Stability and storage condition: Store
spironolactone at room temperature. Keep it away
from light. Keep it away from high temperature.
 Formulations: Tablets, Capsules, Suspension.
 Brand names: Aldactone, Diadimaxia,
Diasdimaxia.