This document summarizes sodium transport and reabsorption along the nephron. It outlines the key sodium transporters in the proximal convoluted tubule, loop of Henle, distal convoluted tubule, and cortical collecting tubule. It also describes how diuretics can inhibit sodium reabsorption at different nephron segments, such as carbonic anhydrase inhibitors in the proximal convoluted tubule or loop and thiazide diuretics in the distal convoluted tubule.

1. Nephron
Segment
Na+
Transporter
Transporter
Filtered Na+
re-absorbed Diuretics Function
Proximal
convolute
dtubules
Na+/H+
transporte
r
Carbonic
anhydrase
enzyme
85 %
As
Na,HCO365
%
As NaHCO3
Carbonic
anhydrase
inhibitors
Re-
absorption
of
-100%
glucoseand
amino
acids.
-66% Na, K,
Ca, Mg.
-85%
NaHCO3.
Proxima
l
straight
tubules
Acid &
base
transporte
r
----- None
Secretion
andre-
absorption
of organic

2. acids and
bases
Ascending
Loop of
Henle
Na+/K+/2Cl-
transporter 20-30%
Active
reabsorptio
nNa, K, Cl,
Ca and mg
Loop
diuretics Active
reabsorpti
on25%
Na, K, Cl
Secondary
re-
absorption
Ca, Mg
Distal
convolute
dtubules
Na+/Cl-
cotransport
er
5-10%
Active
reabsorptio
nNa, Cl
Thiazide
diuretics
Active
tubular
reabsorpti
on of 5%

3. Na, Cl, Ca
Cortical
Collectin
gTubules
Na+ channel
K&H
transporter
Aldosterone
Antidiuretic
hormone
5% Na
reabsorptio
nK & H
secretion
K-sparing
diuretics
Na
reabsorpti
onK & H
secretion