The document discusses several emerging disruptive technologies including biochips, digital twins, carbon nanotubes, smart workspaces, brain computer interfaces, 4D printing, and smart homes. Biochips can perform many biochemical reactions simultaneously and are used for disease diagnosis and identification. Digital twins are digital representations of physical systems that mirror and interact with the physical world. Carbon nanotubes have unique electrical and mechanical properties and potential applications in electronics, sensors, and medicine. Smart workspaces use connectivity, flexibility, and technology to improve employee productivity and experience. Brain computer interfaces allow direct communication between the brain and external devices for research, assistance, and repair of cognitive functions. 4D printing produces objects that can change shape over time in response to environmental

1. Disruptive Technologies
Peak of Inflated Expectations
Bohitesh Misra
Ex-Vice President – IT & BI
Simpa Networks
#CIO200 #EminentCIO

2. IOT Platform
Block Chains
Smart dust
Virtual Assistant
Deep Neural Networks
Bio Chip
Digital Twin
Carbon Nanotube
Smart Workspace / Home
4D Printing
Brain Computer Interface
Smart Fabrics

3. Bio Chip
 In molecular biology, biochips are essentially miniaturized laboratories
that can perform hundreds or thousands of simultaneous biochemical
reactions. Wikipedia
 A biochip is a collection of miniaturized test sites (microarrays) arranged
on a solid substrate that permits many tests to be performed at the same
time in order to achieve higher throughput and speed. Typically, a
biochip's surface area is no larger than a fingernail.
 Biochips enable researchers to quickly screen large numbers of
biological analyses for a variety of disease diagnosis.
 Digital microfluidic biochips have become one of the most promising
technologies in many biomedical fields. In a digital microfluidic biochip, a
group of (adjacent) cells in the microfluidic array can be configured to
work as storage.

4. What is a Biochip
 Array of different chemicals and proteins
 Each in its own dot on the chip
 Used to run multiple tests simultaneously
 Dot depend on the kind of test

5. 3D image of a DNA biochip
Biosensor or bioprocessor that utilizes
technologies of modern Biology and
Electronics in a micro scale.

6. Uses of Biochips
 Research
 Forensics
 Diagnosis
 Identification

7. Process
 DNA samples are taken
 DNA put over chip
 DNA and DNA on the chip match up
 The chip is then scanned
 Hooked up to a computer, which uses
equations to determine the likeliness of the
sickness

8. Future of Biochips
 Be able to find the exact diagnosis through
just using Biochip technology
 Ability to diagnose and treat more people
in third world countries
 Low cost tests
Benefits
 Quicker Diagnosis

9. Digital Twin
 A digital twin refers to the digital representation of a real-world entity or system.
 Digital twins in the context of IoT projects is particularly promising over the next three to
five years and is leading the interest in digital twins today. Well-designed digital twins of
assets have the potential to significantly improve enterprise decision making.
 These digital twins are linked to their real-world counterparts and are used to understand
the state of the thing or system, respond to changes, improve operations and add value.
Organizations will implement digital twins simply at first, then evolve them over time,
improving their ability to collect and visualize the right data, apply the right analytics and
rules, and respond effectively to business objectives.
 Over time, digital representations of virtually every aspect of our world will be connected
dynamically with their real-world counterpart and with one another and infused with AI-
based capabilities to enable advanced simulation, operation and analysis.
 City planners, digital marketers, healthcare professionals and industrial planners will all
benefit from this long-term shift to the integrated digital twin world.

10. Carbon Nanotube
 Carbon nanotubes (CNTs) are an allotrope of carbon. They
take the form of cylindrical carbon molecules and have novel
properties that make them potentially useful in a wide variety of
applications in nanotechnology, electronics, optics and other
fields of materials science.
 Fullerenes are a class of carbon allotropes in which carbon
takes the form of a hollow sphere, ellipsoid, or tube. This class
of materials includes carbon nanotubes, buckyballs, and the
newly discovered nanobuds. Diamond and Graphene are
allotropes.
 CNTs can act as antennas for radios & other electromagnetic
devices. Conductive CNTs are used in brushes for commercial
electric motors. They replace traditional carbon black.
 The nanotubes improve electrical and thermal conductivity
because they stretch through the plastic matrix of the brush.

11. Carbon Nanotube
 Apart from their electrical properties, which they
inherit from graphene, CNTs also have unique
thermal and mechanical properties that make
them intriguing for the development of new
materials:
 their mechanical tensile strength can be 400 times
that of steel;
 they are very light-weight – their density is one
sixth of that of steel;
 their thermal conductivity is better than that of
diamond;

12. Carbon Nanotube
 just like graphite, they are highly chemically
stable and resist virtually any chemical
impact unless they are simultaneously
exposed to high temperatures and oxygen - a
property that makes them extremely resistant
to corrosion;
 their hollow interior can be filled with various
nanomaterials, separating and shielding them
from the surrounding environment - a
property that is extremely useful for
nanomedicine applications like drug delivery.

13. Carbon Nanotube
 All these properties make carbon nanotubes
ideal candidates for electronic devices,
chemical / electrochemical and biosensors,
transistors, electron field emitters, lithium-ion
batteries, white light sources, hydrogen storage
cells, cathode ray tubes (CRTs), electrostatic
discharge (ESD) and electrical-shielding
applications

14. Carbon Nanotube

15. Smart Workspace

16. Smart Workspace
4 signs of a Smart Workspace
Connected - Smart workplaces mean there’s less need for sticky notes and
passwords. People can securely access information on the spot from either inside or
outside of the office through pioneering technologies such as beacons and VPNs (Virtual
Private Networks).
Effective - Smarter ways of working mean people can be more productive at work.
They can work flexibly and choose the best areas to work in based on their task. And
happy people with higher performance levels have a more effective impact on the
company and its bottom line.
Technology - Technology will allow you to create more streamlined processes, more
accurate statistics and better places to conduct business.
Dynamic - Smart workplaces embrace agile working cultures and equip people with
the dynamic spaces and resources they need to perform. As people become less micro-
managed and more self-motivated, they’ll become more active by nature and need
greater accessibility from their workplace.

17. Smarter workspaces
Technology forces such as IoT, AI and AR / VR
are introducing new possibilities for digital
workplaces to create smart workspaces and smart
buildings.
Digital workplace leaders can facilitate integration
of the information from such building and facilities
technology into an exceptional employee
experience.

19. Brain Computer Interface
 A brain–computer interface (BCI), sometimes called
a neural-control interface (NCI), mind-machine
interface (MMI), direct neural interface (DNI),
or brain–machine interface (BMI), is a direct
communication pathway between an enhanced or
wired brain and an external device.
 BCI differs from neuromodulation in that it allows for
bidirectional information flow.
 BCIs are often directed at researching, mapping,
assisting, augmenting, or repairing human cognitive or
sensory-motor functions.

20. Brain Computer Interface
 The field of BCI research and development has since
focused primarily on neuroprosthetics applications that
aim at restoring damaged hearing, sight and movement.
 Thanks to the remarkable cortical plasticity of the brain,
signals from implanted prostheses can, after adaptation,
be handled by the brain like natural sensor or effector
channels.
 Following years of animal experimentation, the
first neuroprosthetic devices implanted in humans
appeared in the mid-1990s.

21. Brain Computer Interface
 The difference between BCIs and neuroprosthetics is
mostly in how the terms are used: neuroprosthetics
typically connect the nervous system to a device,
whereas BCIs usually connect the brain (or nervous
system) with a computer system.
 Practical neuroprosthetics can be linked to any part of
the nervous system—for example, peripheral nerves—
while the term "BCI" usually designates a narrower class
of systems which interface with the central nervous
system.

22. 4D printing

23. 4D printing
 4D printing is the process through which
a 3D printed object transforms itself into
another structure over the influence of
external energy input as temperature, light
or other environmental stimuli.
 This technology is part of the project of
MIT Self-assembly Lab

24. 4d printing

25. Connected Home

26. Smart Home
 Smart home, also called smart house, is a
residential area with high efficiency, comfortable,
safe, convenient and environment-friendly living
environment that including construction, network
communication, information appliances, equipment
automation, and integrates with system, structure,
service and management.

28. Establish smart home platform system through
the home gateway and its system software
A unified platform
Achieve the interconnection with home
appliances through the external expansion
module
Application of embedded system
Smart Home - Technical feature
D
C
B
A

29. Key technology
Embedded
system
WIFI
technology
ZigBee
technology
Ethernet
technology

30. ZigBee technology
• It is mainly suitable for automatic control and remote
control and can be embedded in a variety of devices, while
supporting the geolocation function.
• Its main application areas are automatic control of home,
remote control of consumer electronics, and peripherals,
keyboards, mice, joysticks, and information
monitoring,preventive alarm such as temperature and
humidity measurement, natural gas monitoring.

31. • Electrolux’s ‘Screenfridge’:
– Household members
communicate via video-mail or
email
– Users can surf the web
– Food management: recipes, how
to handle foods, food storage
– TV, radio and connections for
surveillance cameras
– Digital cookbook

32. • LG’s ‘Internet Washing Machine’
– “Combines white goods with
information and communications in
response to the increasing popularity of
home network products”
– Download washing cycles from the
‘Turbodrum’ website

33. ➢ Smart home Control Center
➢ Intelligent Lighting System (ILS)
➢ Electrical Apparatus Control
System (EACS)
➢ Whole Home Audio (WHA)
➢ Speakers, A/V & Home Theater
➢ Video Door Phone (VDP)
➢ Cameras and Surveillance
➢ Home Alarm System
➢ Door Locks & Access Control
➢ Intelligent Sun-shading
System/Electric Curtain
2.
2
➢ Thermostats & HVAC Controls
➢ Solar & Energy Savers
➢ Automatic Meter Reading
System (AMR)
➢ Smart home Software
➢ Cable & Structured Wiring
➢ Home Networking
➢ Kitchen TV & Bathroom Built-In
TV System
➢ Exercise and Health Monitoring
➢ Automatic Watering Circuit
➢ Pet Care & Pest Control
Sub-system

34. Smart Fabrics
 Smart fabrics that enable digital components such as a
battery and a light (including small computers), and
electronics to be embedded in them. Smart textiles can
be broken into two different categories: aesthetic and
performance enhancing.
 Aesthetic fabrics that light up and fabrics that can change colour.
Some of these fabrics gather energy from the environment by
harnessing vibrations, sound or heat, reacting to these inputs.
 Performance enhancing smart textiles are intended for use in
athletic, extreme sports and military applications. These include
fabrics designed to regulate body temperature, reduce wind
resistance, and control muscle vibration

35. Smart textiles can sense, react & adapt to the conditions
around them.
For example, they can
react to:
• Hot or cold temperature
• Light
• Pressure
• Moisture
• Time
Uses
Novelty clothing
Protective clothing
Safety equipment
Medical textiles
Military uses
Anti-allergen products
Baby products
Smart Fabrics

36. Here are a few examples:
Super stretchy polyester
yarns knitted in tubes &
used in artery replacement
X-Static® is the name of new yarn which
uses silver in its production. It can kill
bacteria & fungi & can be used in wound
dressings & underwear.
Super absorbent medical textiles used in wipes, wound
dressings & nappies

37. Technical Fabrics used by the Armed
Services and Police
 Kevlar – used in body
armour / bullet proof
vests.
 High Visibility jackets
use strips of 3M retro-
reflective tape. This
works by concentrating
the light source &
reflecting it back.

38. Gore-Tex – water
repellent and
windproof: used in
cycle jackets,
outdoor wear
Nomex - fire retardant
used in Formula 1 (&
also oven gloves)
Coolmax® wicks moisture to
the surface of the fabric, to
keep you dry & comfortable.
Lots of Technical Fabrics in Sportswear

39. Biomimetics
These fabrics have been designed to mimic nature
Speedo’s Fastskin® swimsuit was
developed using V-shaped fibres which
mimic the ridges found on the skin of a
shark
Stomatex® is a
lightweight,
strong & flexible
material that
mimics
transpiration in
plants.

40. Pressure response Fabric
D3o is a new innovation
It is a soft malleable material
most of the time, but when it
comes into contact with force, it
hardens on impact
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v
=tKQxDoXqc_I
Memory Foam is temperature &
pressure sensitive foam that
moulds to the shape of the body &
returns to normal when pressure
is removed.

41. Thermochromic Colour
Thermochromic textiles change
colour with heat. They are
engineered to change colour at a
particular temperature.
There are serious
medical uses as well
as novelty ones, e.g.
liquid crystal fabric
strip thermometers, &
baby sleep-suits to
monitor temperature.

42. Photo chromic dyes
Photo chromic dyes
react to UV light &
change colour. They
can be useful for
monitoring the
amount of time
children spend in the
sun, to prevent
sun-burn.

43. Phosphorescent Pigments
These dyes are used in glow-in-the
dark products.

44. Interactive or Electronic Textiles
An interactive fabric
incorporates
electronics that are
activated by a power
source. They are still
Smart fabrics, they
just require a power
source.

45. Thank you !