Rickets is a bone deformity caused by low levels of calcium and phosphorus in the blood due to poor nutrition or lack of vitamin D. Arthritis is a disease of the joints that causes pain, stiffness, and swelling, and can cripple its victims. Osteoporosis is a disease where bone tissue is lost, bones become thinner and can disappear, resulting in extremely weak and fragile bones throughout the skeleton that can fracture from minor injuries.