Printing means localized application of dyes on the fabric according to design. For printing it is required to produce printing paste. Printing Paste is a viscous paste which is made from pigments, thickeners and many of chemical. A good printing paste is mainly responsible for good printing effect. So it is very important to make a printing paste. There are different types of ingredients are used to make printing paste
Generally following ingredients are used in printing paste:
Dyestuffs or pigment.
Wetting agents.
Thickener.
Solvents dispersing agents.
Defoaming agents.
Oxidizing and reducing agents.
Catalyst and oxygen carrier.
Acid and alkali.
Career and swelling agent.
Miscellaneous agent
2. PREPARED BY:
CHIRAG BANSAL (160420129003)
CHAUDHARY VIKESH (160420129002)
CHANDARANA SMIT (150420129002)
GUIDED BY:
PROF. JAVED S. KHAN
PROF. AMIT V. HALBE
3. Printing means localized application of dyes on the fabric
according to design. For printing it is required to produce
printing paste. Printing Paste is a viscous paste which is
made from pigments, thickeners and many of chemical. A
good printing paste is mainly responsible for good printing
effect. So it is very important to make a printing paste.
There are different types of ingredients are used to make
printing paste
4. INGREDIENTS:
Generally following ingredients are used in printing paste:
Dyestuffs or pigment.
Wetting agents.
Thickener.
Solvents dispersing agents.
Defoaming agents.
Oxidizing and reducing agents.
Catalyst and oxygen carrier.
Acid and alkali.
Career and swelling agent.
Miscellaneous agent
5. DYE OR PIGMENT:
Functions:
Attraction of dyestuff to the fiber due to presence of
auxochrome.
To achieve color effect on the fabric.
To produce required shade.
Example: Vat, Azoic, Reactive, Direct dye etc.
6. WETTING AGENT:
Functions:
To wet the fabric as well as dyestuff.
To reduce surface tension of water allowing the dyestuff
for easy penetration into fiber.
To obtain smooth paste.
To dissolve the dyestuff in the paste.
Example: Olive oil, T.R oil, Caster oil, Lissapol N, Animal oil,
Glycerine.
7. SOLVENTS
( D ISPER SIN G A GEN TS/SOLU TION A C ID S) :
Functions:
To get bright designs.
To assist dye penetration as well as dye fixation.
To spread dye molecules evenly in the paste
To prevent aggregation of dye molecules in the highly
concentrated of the dye.
To prevent precipitation.
To increase solubility of the dyes.
To make proper printing shade.
Example: Urea, Glycerine, Desirable, Alcohol, Acetone, etc.
8. THICKENERS:
Functions:
To give required viscosity to the printing paste
To prevent premature reactions between the chemicals
contained in the print paste.
To hold the ingredients of the print paste on the fabric.
Example: Na-alginate, Fine gum, British gum, CMC.
9. DEFOAMING AGENTS:
Functions:
To prevent the foam generation during printing.
Example: Silicone, Defoamers, Sulphated oil, Perminol
KB, Emulsified pine oil.
10. OXIDIZING AGENTS:
Functions:
To develop the final color during steaming or in the
subsequent after treatment.
Assists to dye fixation.
Example: Sodium chlorate, Potasium chlorate, Sodium
nitrate, Resist salt, Ammonium chlorite, Ludigol, Na or K
dichromate
11. REDUCING AGENTS:
Functions:
Used for reduction of different dyes.
Used for mainly in discharge printing.
To destroy color from the ground of fabric.
To make the insoluble dyes to soluble.
Example: Sodium hydrosulphite, Stanus chloride etc.
Rongolite-C.
12. CATALYST AND OXYGEN
CARRIER:
Functions:
To prevent fiber damage during steaming.
Accelerate the final color development by oxidation.
Reduce the risk of oxidation.
Example: Copper sulphide, Ammonium vanadate,
Potassium ferrocyanide.
13. ACIDS/ALKALIS:
Functions:
To maintain pH.
To develop the color or printed fabric.
To fix dye on the fabric permanently.
Example: Organic acid, Alkali KOH, NaOH, Na2CO3,
Potassium carbonate, Sodium bicarbonate, Sodium
acetate.
14. SWELLING AGENTS:
Functions:
To create the big size holes of the fibers.
Helps to swell the fiber structure.
To reduce crystallinity.
Help the easy penetration of dye molecule inside the fiber
polymer.
Example: Polyethylene glycol, Phenols, DEGDA (Di-ethylene
glycol diacetate)
15. CARRIER:
Functions:
Used for fixing disperse dyes on polyester or polyester
wool blends at temperature below 105ºC.
Example: Diphenol, Ortho-phenol, Tri-chloro benzene
17. MILD OXIDIZING AGENT:
Functions:
During steaming of ago color, the partial color can be
destroyed by the effect of reducing. To secure of this
condition, mild agent is used.
Example: Ludigol, Resist salt.