This document discusses disciplinary disproportionality, which refers to inequitable distribution of disciplinary actions like suspensions and expulsions along racial lines. It provides context on the historical documentation of disproportionate discipline of Black students dating back to 1971. Risk indexes and ratios are used to calculate disproportionality rates. Factors influencing disproportionality include interpretation of student behaviors and zero tolerance policies, with the highest rates found in urban schools.