Language Teaching Approach and Method

1. Direct Method
Mahbubul Hoque
Assistant Professor
Department of English
AUB

2. Background of Direct Method
 In the mid and late 19 century, Europe
experience a wave of increasing opportunities
of communication , due to industrialization
and international trade and travel.
 A need was felt to develop oral proficiency
in foreign language. Language teachers
had already found Grammar-translation
method inadequate and ineffective in
developing communicative ability in
learners. It is the method that later on
came to be known as the direct method. It
is also known as Berlitz method.

3. Aims of DM
To build a direct
relation between
experience and
language, word
and idea, thought
and expression
To intend students
to learn how to
communicate in
the target language
DM is based on the
assumption that
the learner should
experience the new
language in the
same way as
he/she experienced
his/her mother
tongue

4. Direct Method?
 A method of teaching a second/target
language through demonstration or action
such as conversation, discussion, or etc. in
the language itself without translation and
without the study of formal grammar.
 The direct method named “direct” because
meaning should be connected directly with the
TL without translation into the native language
CONCEPT/MEANING TARGET LANGUAGE

5. Principles of Direct Method
1. Classroom instruction is conducted in the target
language ( no translate , demonstrate )
2. Only everyday vocabulary
3. Vocabulary is taught through pictures and objects.
4. Grammar is taught inductively
5. Students are encouraged to think in the target
language
6. Speaking is taught first before reading or writing
7. Translation is completely banished from any
classroom activity. Classroom activities are carried
out only in the target language

6. Techniques of Direct Method
1. Reading aloud
2. Question and answer exercise
3. Getting students to self-correct
4. Conversation practice
5. Fill-in-the-blanks
6. Dictation
7. Map drawing
8. Paragraph writing.

7. The Role of Teacher
 Teachers introduce a new target language word or
phrase to the students and there is no mother
language.
 Demonstrate.
 Facilitator
 Monitor
 The teacher is the source
 Learning by self-correction

8. The Role of student
 The teacher and the
students are more like
partners in the
teaching/learning process
 The students should be
active learner.
 Observer and practitioner
the target language

9. The Advantages
 In this method they are quick at understanding
spoken English. They can converse English so easy
because in teaches the second/foreign language
in the same way as one learners one’s mother
tongue.
 There are no gap/different with active and
passive vocabularies
 This sound principles of education.

10. The Disadvantages
 To be that second language should be
learned without pay attention first
language.
 Difficult in language learning process.
 Compare learning of second language

11. A comparison between the Direct Method
and the Grammar Translation Method
DM GTM
 avoids close association
between the second language
and the mother tongue.
 lays emphasis on speech.
 follows the child’s natural way of
learning a language.
 teaches the language by ‘use’
 does not favor the teaching of
formal grammar at the early
stage
 maintains close association
between the second language
and the mother tongue.
 lays emphasis on translation.
 follows the adult’s natural way
of learning a language.
 teaches the language by ‘rule’.
 teaches formal grammar from
the very beginning.

12. Thank You