Dinesh Italian Diabetes Society.pptx
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This document summarizes the background and research of Dr. Dinesh Selvarajah, a Senior Lecturer in Diabetes at the University of Sheffield. His research focuses on using magnetic resonance neuroimaging to characterize central pain mechanisms in diabetic neuropathy. He is a leading researcher in the causes, treatment, and prevention of diabetic neuropathy, as evidenced by several awards he has received for his work. The document provides details on his research applying advanced neuroimaging techniques like diffusion tensor imaging and resting state functional MRI to gain new insights into diabetic neuropathy and central pain processing.
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Folic acid is a B vitamin that helps prevent birth defects like spina bifida and neural tube defects. It is needed to make new cells, red blood cells, and helps prevent anemia, heart disease, and certain cancers. The document recommends that all women capable of becoming pregnant take a daily multivitamin containing 400 micrograms of folic acid to reduce the risk of neural tube defects occurring in pregnancy.
Folic Plus.pptx
Folic acid is a synthetic B vitamin that helps prevent birth defects like spina bifida when taken daily by women before and during early pregnancy. It is needed to make new cells, red blood cells, and helps prevent anemia, heart disease, stroke and cancers. Neural tube defects occur in around 1 in 2,000 births and are the second most common cause of infant mortality, with spina bifida making up 60% of cases. Babies with neural tube defects may experience health issues like hydrocephalus, clubfoot, and require surgery shortly after birth.
fOLIc slide.pptx
Folic acid is a B vitamin that helps make new cells, normal red blood cells, and prevents anemia, birth defects, heart disease, stroke, and some cancers. Taking a daily multivitamin with 400 mcg of synthetic folic acid can reduce the risk of neural tube defects like spina bifida by up to 60%, anencephaly by 30%, and encephalocele by 10%, as these defects occur in 1 in 2,000 births and are a common cause of infant mortality.
4441564759967.pptx
This document discusses diabetic neuropathy, which is the most common neuropathy in the Western world. It affects different parts of the nervous system and presents with diverse clinical manifestations. Approximately 50% of patients with diabetes will eventually develop neuropathy. Distal symmetric polyneuropathy is the most common form, affecting the feet first and progressing proximally, with predominantly sensory symptoms like tingling and numbness. Complications include foot ulcers and infections that can lead to amputation. Treatment involves controlling blood glucose levels through lifestyle changes and medications to help prevent and possibly reverse neuropathy.
IC-Competitive-Analysis-Presentation-9212_PowerPoint (1).pptx
This document summarizes a competitive analysis of companies in the same industry as Your Company. It analyzes competitors' products, pricing, marketing strategies, and market share. It then segments competitors based on key attributes and assesses threats from new entrants, substitute products, and bargaining powers of buyers and suppliers using Porter's Five Forces model. The analysis aims to identify strengths, weaknesses, and opportunities to inform recommendations on differentiating Your Company from competitors.
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This document discusses business ethics and decision-making. It begins by noting that unethical behavior in business is not new, citing examples from ancient texts. It then defines business ethics as involving moral decision-making by people in business. The document outlines several factors that can influence ethical decision-making, such as issue intensity, personal moral philosophy, and organizational culture. It provides an 8-step process for sound, ethical decision-making. Finally, it discusses the differences between ethical absolutism and relativism, noting problems with the relativist approach.
Chapter 1.pptx
This document provides an outline for an accounting course titled "Accounting for Managers" that covers general accounting overview, financial accounting, and management and cost accounting. The first part introduces key accounting concepts and defines accounting and its objectives. It distinguishes between financial accounting, which provides information to external users primarily through financial statements, and management accounting, which provides internal users with special information for decision-making. The second part covers financial accounting and its major financial statements - the balance sheet, income statement, and statement of cash flows. The third part discusses management accounting and how it differs from financial accounting in focusing on internal reporting and providing both financial and non-financial information to aid managerial decisions.
NewantibioticdevelopmentsforVAP_MNiederman_6JunFINAL (1).PPT
This document discusses new antibiotic developments for ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP). It outlines several new drugs in development or approval that show promise for treating multi-drug resistant Gram-negative and Gram-positive pathogens commonly seen in VAP. These include novel beta-lactamase inhibitor combinations like ceftolozane-tazobactam and ceftazidime-avibactam, as well as other classes such as aminoglycosides and tetracyclines. Ongoing and completed clinical trials evaluating some of these new agents for the treatment of VAP are also summarized.
jupiter_.ppt
The JUPITER trial examined the effects of rosuvastatin 20 mg compared to placebo in reducing cardiovascular events among apparently healthy individuals with elevated high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hsCRP) but normal LDL cholesterol. The trial involved over 17,000 participants randomized to rosuvastatin or placebo for 1.9 years on average. Rosuvastatin significantly reduced the primary endpoint of myocardial infarction, stroke, hospitalization for unstable angina, arterial revascularization, or cardiovascular death by 44% compared to placebo. Rosuvastatin also significantly reduced myocardial infarction, stroke, and cardiovascular death by 47% compared to placebo. The results provided strong evidence that statin therapy can reduce cardiovascular risk among individuals with elevated inflammatory markers but
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Local Advanced Lung Cancer: Artificial Intelligence, Synergetics, Complex Sys...
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Dinesh Italian Diabetes Society.pptx
- 1. I am currently Senior Lecturer in Diabetes at University of Sheffield. My research focus is applying multimodal magnetic resonance neuroimaging to characterize the central pain mechanisms in diabetic neuropathy. I am amongst the world’s leading clinical researches looking into the causes, treatment and prevention of diabetic neurpathy, exemplified by my award of 1st Prize at the 5th NeupSIG International Congress on Neuropathic Pain (2015), the Goran Sundquist NeuroDIAB Prize for Young Clinical Investigator of the Year (2012), 1st prize at Finnish Diabetes Association ‘Diabetes a Threat to Mankind’ Research (2013) and the STEM for Britain Research Award for Biomedical Science by the Parliamentary and Scientific Committee (2011). Dr Dinesh Selvarajah MBChB, MRCP, PhD
- 2. Diabetic Neuropathy: New Insights from Brain Imaging Dr Dinesh Selvarajah Senior Lecturer in Diabetes Department of Human Metabolism University of Sheffield Sheffield, UK
- 3. Symmetric, length dependent, sensory-motor neuropathy Affects 30-50% of all diabetic people1 Strongest risk factor for foot ulcer1 and amputation2 Diabetic Polyneuropathy (DPN) Pain
- 4. “I experience sharp electric shocks that shoot up my legs” “When I walk it feels as if I am stepping on broken glass” Pain in diabetic neuropathy
- 5. Multidimensionality of Painful DPN Anxiety Depression Anger Fear Loss of confidence Psychological Job loss Marital disharmony Isolation Loss of social status Social
- 6. Topical lidocaine Topiramate* Antidepressants, SSRI Capsaicin NMDA antagonists* Mexiletine* Antidepressants, SNRI Gabapentin/Pregabalin Tramadol Opioids Carbamazepine/lamotrigine/Pheny Valproate Tricyclic antidepressants 0 2 4 6 8 10 12 397 109 83 389 120 778 1057 149 81 466 150 214 NA NNT Jensen TS, et al. Diab Vasc Dis Res. 2006 NNT > 50% Pain Reduction >50% relief in ~1/3
- 9. Non Irritable Nociceptor Phenotype Irritable nociceptor Phenotype Painful DPN Clinical Phenotypes n=147
- 12. Pathogenesis of DN Diabetic insult may be more generalised Peripheral lesions Central lesions +
- 13. Diffusion Tensor Imaging/ Tractography Volumetric measures Multi-modal Advanced MRI paradigm shift Resting fMRI Task fMRI/ Perfusion Imaging Multi-modal Advanced MRI paradigm shift H+Spectoscopy
- 17. Areas of significant change in the endogenous opioid transmission during pain-related experiences Areas of greater functional connectivity in responders to neuropathic pain treatment HYPOTHESIS: Responders to neuropathic pain treatment have better target engagement of opioid receptor systems compared to non-responders
- 18. MOOD Depression Anxiety Pain Catastrophizing CONTEXT Pain Beliefs Expectations Placebo COGNITION Hyper- vigilance Distraction Attention NEUROCHEMICAL & STRUCTURAL CHANGES Disease e.g. DN Maladaptive plasticity Neurodegeneration NOCICEPTIVE INPUT Pain modulation
- 19. ICA Deep Learning Classification Workflow A - 30 group-level ICA networks from all subjects B - 7 and 30 components chosen C - Dual regression to extract subject specific spatial ICA maps D - 5-fold cross validation (18/5- train/test split) E - Train tuning and testing D
- 21. • Significant CNS involvement in DPN • Pain phenotyping will be increasingly utilised in RCTs to stratify those that may respond to a particular treatment. • Neuroimaging may have a role in pain phenotyping • Advances in artificial intelligence and machine learning will facillitate this Conclusions
- 22. Thank You