Austin Pain & Relief is an open access, peer reviewed, scholarly journal dedicated to publish articles covering all areas of Pain & Relief.
The journal aims to promote research communications and provide a forum for doctors, researchers, physicians and healthcare professionals to find most recent advances in all areas of Pain & Relief. Austin Pain & Relief accepts original research articles, reviews, mini reviews, case reports and rapid communication covering all aspects of pain and relief.
Austin Pain & Relief strongly supports the scientific up gradation and fortification in related scientific research community by enhancing access to peer reviewed scientific literary works. Austin Publishing Group also brings universally peer reviewed journals under one roof thereby promoting knowledge sharing, mutual promotion of multidisciplinary science.
Austin Pain & Relief is an open access, peer reviewed, scholarly journal dedicated to publish articles covering all areas of Pain & Relief.
The journal aims to promote research communications and provide a forum for doctors, researchers, physicians and healthcare professionals to find most recent advances in all areas of Pain & Relief. Austin Pain & Relief accepts original research articles, reviews, mini reviews, case reports and rapid communication covering all aspects of pain and relief.
Austin Pain & Relief strongly supports the scientific up gradation and fortification in related scientific research community by enhancing access to peer reviewed scientific literary works. Austin Publishing Group also brings universally peer reviewed journals under one roof thereby promoting knowledge sharing, mutual promotion of multidisciplinary science.
a detailed description of pain and therpaeutic options available and clinical assessment of pain, approach to the patient with pain, assessment of intensity of pain, nsaids and opioids, tca. WHO pain ladder, chronic opioid therapy
The key to a successful Acute Pain Service is not so much the use of sophisticated drugs and high technology equipment, but an excellent organisational structure and well trained medical and nursing personnel.
Pain management strategies & effects on wellbeingmiranda olding
Overview of pain, common pain management strategies and their effects on wellbeing. Side effects, effects on wellbeing, Covers Pain cycle, Persistent or chronic pain, pain gate theory, pharmaceutical and non-pharmaceutical or pain treatments, including complementary therapies, electrotherapies, psychological therapies for pain.
Written for student OT conference 'Perspectives on Wellbeing' Feb 2016
a detailed description of pain and therpaeutic options available and clinical assessment of pain, approach to the patient with pain, assessment of intensity of pain, nsaids and opioids, tca. WHO pain ladder, chronic opioid therapy
The key to a successful Acute Pain Service is not so much the use of sophisticated drugs and high technology equipment, but an excellent organisational structure and well trained medical and nursing personnel.
Pain management strategies & effects on wellbeingmiranda olding
Overview of pain, common pain management strategies and their effects on wellbeing. Side effects, effects on wellbeing, Covers Pain cycle, Persistent or chronic pain, pain gate theory, pharmaceutical and non-pharmaceutical or pain treatments, including complementary therapies, electrotherapies, psychological therapies for pain.
Written for student OT conference 'Perspectives on Wellbeing' Feb 2016
Couples presenting to the infertility clinic- Do they really have infertility...Sujoy Dasgupta
Dr Sujoy Dasgupta presented the study on "Couples presenting to the infertility clinic- Do they really have infertility? – The unexplored stories of non-consummation" in the 13th Congress of the Asia Pacific Initiative on Reproduction (ASPIRE 2024) at Manila on 24 May, 2024.
Prix Galien International 2024 Forum ProgramLevi Shapiro
June 20, 2024, Prix Galien International and Jerusalem Ethics Forum in ROME. Detailed agenda including panels:
- ADVANCES IN CARDIOLOGY: A NEW PARADIGM IS COMING
- WOMEN’S HEALTH: FERTILITY PRESERVATION
- WHAT’S NEW IN THE TREATMENT OF INFECTIOUS,
ONCOLOGICAL AND INFLAMMATORY SKIN DISEASES?
- ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE AND ETHICS
- GENE THERAPY
- BEYOND BORDERS: GLOBAL INITIATIVES FOR DEMOCRATIZING LIFE SCIENCE TECHNOLOGIES AND PROMOTING ACCESS TO HEALTHCARE
- ETHICAL CHALLENGES IN LIFE SCIENCES
- Prix Galien International Awards Ceremony
The prostate is an exocrine gland of the male mammalian reproductive system
It is a walnut-sized gland that forms part of the male reproductive system and is located in front of the rectum and just below the urinary bladder
Function is to store and secrete a clear, slightly alkaline fluid that constitutes 10-30% of the volume of the seminal fluid that along with the spermatozoa, constitutes semen
A healthy human prostate measures (4cm-vertical, by 3cm-horizontal, 2cm ant-post ).
It surrounds the urethra just below the urinary bladder. It has anterior, median, posterior and two lateral lobes
It’s work is regulated by androgens which are responsible for male sex characteristics
Generalised disease of the prostate due to hormonal derangement which leads to non malignant enlargement of the gland (increase in the number of epithelial cells and stromal tissue)to cause compression of the urethra leading to symptoms (LUTS
Flu Vaccine Alert in Bangalore Karnatakaaddon Scans
As flu season approaches, health officials in Bangalore, Karnataka, are urging residents to get their flu vaccinations. The seasonal flu, while common, can lead to severe health complications, particularly for vulnerable populations such as young children, the elderly, and those with underlying health conditions.
Dr. Vidisha Kumari, a leading epidemiologist in Bangalore, emphasizes the importance of getting vaccinated. "The flu vaccine is our best defense against the influenza virus. It not only protects individuals but also helps prevent the spread of the virus in our communities," he says.
This year, the flu season is expected to coincide with a potential increase in other respiratory illnesses. The Karnataka Health Department has launched an awareness campaign highlighting the significance of flu vaccinations. They have set up multiple vaccination centers across Bangalore, making it convenient for residents to receive their shots.
To encourage widespread vaccination, the government is also collaborating with local schools, workplaces, and community centers to facilitate vaccination drives. Special attention is being given to ensuring that the vaccine is accessible to all, including marginalized communities who may have limited access to healthcare.
Residents are reminded that the flu vaccine is safe and effective. Common side effects are mild and may include soreness at the injection site, mild fever, or muscle aches. These side effects are generally short-lived and far less severe than the flu itself.
Healthcare providers are also stressing the importance of continuing COVID-19 precautions. Wearing masks, practicing good hand hygiene, and maintaining social distancing are still crucial, especially in crowded places.
Protect yourself and your loved ones by getting vaccinated. Together, we can help keep Bangalore healthy and safe this flu season. For more information on vaccination centers and schedules, residents can visit the Karnataka Health Department’s official website or follow their social media pages.
Stay informed, stay safe, and get your flu shot today!
Report Back from SGO 2024: What’s the Latest in Cervical Cancer?bkling
Are you curious about what’s new in cervical cancer research or unsure what the findings mean? Join Dr. Emily Ko, a gynecologic oncologist at Penn Medicine, to learn about the latest updates from the Society of Gynecologic Oncology (SGO) 2024 Annual Meeting on Women’s Cancer. Dr. Ko will discuss what the research presented at the conference means for you and answer your questions about the new developments.
micro teaching on communication m.sc nursing.pdfAnurag Sharma
Microteaching is a unique model of practice teaching. It is a viable instrument for the. desired change in the teaching behavior or the behavior potential which, in specified types of real. classroom situations, tends to facilitate the achievement of specified types of objectives.
New Directions in Targeted Therapeutic Approaches for Older Adults With Mantl...i3 Health
i3 Health is pleased to make the speaker slides from this activity available for use as a non-accredited self-study or teaching resource.
This slide deck presented by Dr. Kami Maddocks, Professor-Clinical in the Division of Hematology and
Associate Division Director for Ambulatory Operations
The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, will provide insight into new directions in targeted therapeutic approaches for older adults with mantle cell lymphoma.
STATEMENT OF NEED
Mantle cell lymphoma (MCL) is a rare, aggressive B-cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) accounting for 5% to 7% of all lymphomas. Its prognosis ranges from indolent disease that does not require treatment for years to very aggressive disease, which is associated with poor survival (Silkenstedt et al, 2021). Typically, MCL is diagnosed at advanced stage and in older patients who cannot tolerate intensive therapy (NCCN, 2022). Although recent advances have slightly increased remission rates, recurrence and relapse remain very common, leading to a median overall survival between 3 and 6 years (LLS, 2021). Though there are several effective options, progress is still needed towards establishing an accepted frontline approach for MCL (Castellino et al, 2022). Treatment selection and management of MCL are complicated by the heterogeneity of prognosis, advanced age and comorbidities of patients, and lack of an established standard approach for treatment, making it vital that clinicians be familiar with the latest research and advances in this area. In this activity chaired by Michael Wang, MD, Professor in the Department of Lymphoma & Myeloma at MD Anderson Cancer Center, expert faculty will discuss prognostic factors informing treatment, the promising results of recent trials in new therapeutic approaches, and the implications of treatment resistance in therapeutic selection for MCL.
Target Audience
Hematology/oncology fellows, attending faculty, and other health care professionals involved in the treatment of patients with mantle cell lymphoma (MCL).
Learning Objectives
1.) Identify clinical and biological prognostic factors that can guide treatment decision making for older adults with MCL
2.) Evaluate emerging data on targeted therapeutic approaches for treatment-naive and relapsed/refractory MCL and their applicability to older adults
3.) Assess mechanisms of resistance to targeted therapies for MCL and their implications for treatment selection
These simplified slides by Dr. Sidra Arshad present an overview of the non-respiratory functions of the respiratory tract.
Learning objectives:
1. Enlist the non-respiratory functions of the respiratory tract
2. Briefly explain how these functions are carried out
3. Discuss the significance of dead space
4. Differentiate between minute ventilation and alveolar ventilation
5. Describe the cough and sneeze reflexes
Study Resources:
1. Chapter 39, Guyton and Hall Textbook of Medical Physiology, 14th edition
2. Chapter 34, Ganong’s Review of Medical Physiology, 26th edition
3. Chapter 17, Human Physiology by Lauralee Sherwood, 9th edition
4. Non-respiratory functions of the lungs https://academic.oup.com/bjaed/article/13/3/98/278874
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Explore natural remedies for syphilis treatment in Singapore. Discover alternative therapies, herbal remedies, and lifestyle changes that may complement conventional treatments. Learn about holistic approaches to managing syphilis symptoms and supporting overall health.
Are There Any Natural Remedies To Treat Syphilis.pdf
CHRONIC PAIN ----Management Update.ppt
1. CHRONIC PAIN ----
Management Update
Dr. Md. Hilalul Islam
Asso. Prof. Of Physical Medicine
M A G Osmani Medical College
Sylhet
2. INTRODUCTION
Pain is an unpleasant sensory & emotional
experience.
There are no objective biological markers of
pain.
It is recognized as a complex phenomenon
derived from sensory stimuli & modified by
individual memory, expectations & emotions
PAIN MANAGEMENT IS AN ESSENTIAL
REHABILITATION
3. DEFINITION
Chronic pain can be described as persistent
or recurrent pain lasting beyond the usual
course of acute illness or injury or more
than 3 to 6 months & which adversely
affects the individual well-being.
4. CLASSIFICATION
NOCICEPTIVE------due to ongoing tissue
injury.
INFLAMMATORY ------due to chronic
inflammation.
NEUROPATHIC ------resulting from
damage to the brain, spinal cord or
peripheral nerves.
MIXED.
5. INCIDENCE IN OLDER
PEOPLE
One in five older Americans (18%) are
taking analgesic medications regularly
45% of patients who take pain medications
regularly had seen 3 or more doctors for
pain in last 5 years.
45 to 80% of nursing home residents have
substantial pain that is undertreated.
7. RISK FACTORS
Genetic susceptibility
Preceding pain
Psychosocial factors
Age & sex
8. Genetic susceptibility
Sensitivity to physiological nociceptive & clinical pain
differs considerably between individuals
Functional genetic polymorphisms of COMT are
associated with altered sensitivity to pain.
High COMT activity correlates with a risk of
developing TMJ pain.
Single neucleotide polymorphisms(SNP) in multiple
candidate genes are with the risk of developing
post-injury neuropathic pain
Differential heritable susceptibility both to the
generation & experience of pain as well as to the
response to analgesics is a recognized fact.
9. PRECEDING PAIN
Previous pain correlates with the development
of chronic neuropathic pain.
Severe post herpetic neuralgia is often
preceded by severe zoster pain.
Amputees with severe phantom limb pain had
more often preamputation pain.
Similar association is noted with subsequent
development of chronic pain after breast
surgery, thoracotomy & inguinal hernia repair.
10. Psychosocial factors
In chronic pain of non-surgical origin
psychological, social & economic factors play
a major role.
Theories about the development of chronic
pain have shifted from a biomedical model to
a biopsychosocial one.
Preoperative anxiety is correlated with
postoperative pain experience.
11. AGE & SEX
In postherniorrhaphy pain older patient have
a reduced risk of developing chronic pain.
In contrast, with post herpetic neuralgia
increasing age is a risk factor.
Findings of several studies show that women
have higher postoperative pain than men.
12. Guidelines for Management
1. Medical history & physical examination
2. Diagnostic, therapeutic & laboratory results
3. Evaluation & consultations
4. Treatment objectives
5. Discussions of risks & benefits
6. Medications & other treatments
7. Instructions
8. Periodic review
14. NSAIDs & ANALGESICS
Most common method of chronic pain treatment
but prolonged use increases the possibility of
adverse reactions.
Each patient responds differently than the next
patient to the same dose.
Their use should be determined by benefit, cost,
potential side effects & the patients other
medical problems.
15. OPIOID ANALGESICS
Opioids are morphine like substances that have
been available for centuries to relieve pain.
There are endogenous opioids called
endorphins,enkephalins & dynorphins
Opioids are formulated as both short & long
acting.
Most opioids are agonists but there are some
partial agonists & agonists/ antagonists.
16. Examples of medical opioids
Hydrocodone
Codeine
Dihydrocodeine bitartrate
Hydromorphone
Morphine
Pentazocin
Buprenorphine
17. OPIOID DILEMMA
There are several schools of thought about long term use
of opioid medication
One believes that it is the right of the patient to have
adequate pain relief even if that requires large amount of
opioids for a long period of time.
Others believe that there is no real benefit from chronic
use of opioids. The major objections to this treatment
have been concern about tolerance, loss of efficacy, side
effects, functional impairment & tolerance.
18. ANTIDEPRESSENTS
Pain signals go up the spinal cord to reach the
brain but there are some signals coming down
the spinal cord & that can increase or reduce
pain transmission
By increasing levels of norepinephrine &
serotonin at nerve endings antidepressants
appear to strengthen the system that inhibits
pain transmission
19. Antidepressants commonly
used for chronic pain
Amitriptyline
Nortriptyline
Desipramine
Imipramine
Desipramine is considered to have the lowest
side effects profile of the TCAs.
SSRI are less effective for treating chronic pain.
20. Benefits of Antidepressants in
chronic pain
Do not produce gastric irritation as NSAIDs
May help to reduce depression
May help to relieve anxiety & panic attacks
May increase the effect of other pain relieving
drugs
Non-addictive
Have a record of long term safety
21. Pain states that may respond to
Antidepressants
Post herpetic neuralgia Fibromyalgia
Diabetic neuropathy IBS
Phantom limb pain RA
Neuroma pain CLBP
Central pain following stroke
RSDS
Migraine & Tension headache
Chemotheraphy induced peripheral neuropathy
23. Pain states that may respond
to Anticonvulsants
Trigeminal neuralgia
Post herpetic neuralgia
Damage to nerve plexus
Diabetic neuropathy
Multiple sclerosis
Neuroma
RSDS
Migraine
24. Oral Antiarrythmic Drugs
They are approved for the prevention of
disturbance in heart rhythm but just as they
interrupt premature firing of heart fibers, they also
premature firing of damaged nerves.
Mexiletine & Flecanide are used.
They reduce pain in diabetic neuropathy, post
stroke pain, RSDS & traumatic nerve injury
25. TOPICAL ANALGESICS
Used as topical antiinflammatory agents or
counterirritants.
Topical salicylates----reduce inflammation
Capsaicin & EMLA cream ------used in OA,
Diabetic neuropathy & post herpetic
neuralgia
28. NMDA INHIBITORS
NMDA inhibitors appear to help prevent
sudden acute pain from progressing into
chronic pain. eg.
Methadone
Ketamine
Dextromethorphan
29. RED SIGNALS DUE TO
PAIN MEDICATION
Sleeping too much
Decrease in appetite
Inability to concentrate
Mood swings (especially irritability)
Lack of involvement with others
Lack of attention to appearance &hygiene.
30. Specific recommendations in
Older Peoples
All older patients with diminished quality of life
as a result of chronic pain are candidates for
pharmacological therapy.
The least invasive route should be used.
Fast-onset, short-acting analgesic drugs should
be used for episodic pain.
Acetaminophen is the drug of choice for mild to
moderate musculoskeletal pain
NSAIDs should be used with caution.
31. (continued)
Opioids for episodic pain should be prescribed as
needed rather than around the clock.
Titration should be based on the pharmacokinetics &
pharmacodynamics of specific drugs in the older person
& the propensity for drug accumulation
Constipation should be prevented.
Patients with long- term NSAIDs should be periodically
monitored for GI blood loss, renal insuffifficiency, &
other drug-drug or drug-disease interaction.
33. Specific recommendations for
Older People
Nonpharmacological interventions can be used alone or
in combination with pharmacological strategies for
chronic pain management.
Patient education should be provided for all patients
with chronic pain.
Cognitive-behavioral therapy should be applied as a
structured program that includes components of
education, rationale for therapy, coping skills& relapse
prevention.
34. (continued)
Exercise should be a part of care of all older
patients with chronic pain.
Exercise should be tailored to the need &
preferences of the patient in consultation of the
primary clinician.
A trial of physical or occupational therapy is
appropriate for the rehabilitation of impaired range
of motion, specific muscle weakness or other
physical impairment associated with chronic pain.