The National Rural Employment Guarantee Scheme (NREGS) provides a legal guarantee of at least 100 days of employment per financial year doing unskilled manual work at minimum wage to adult members of rural households. The scheme aims to improve purchasing power among the rural poor. One-third of beneficiaries must be women. Employment must be provided within 5 km of residence, or else extra wages are provided.
The presentation discusses the major laws available in India that protects women in the workplace. The laws discussed are: 1. Maternity Benefit Act, 2017
2. Factories Act, 1948
3. Sexual Harassment of Women at Workplace Act, 2013
It also enumerates the Vishaka Guidelines provided by the Supreme Court of India and the procedure for complaint of a sexual harassment case.
A brief introduction to the parliament of bhutan.Sangay Khandu
The presentation was made to the 1st Bloggers' Conference. It was prepared keeping in mind an audience who have very little or no awareness of Bhutan's Parliament and its functioning.
Equal Renumeration Act provided all possible exclusions, which helps with the protection of interests of women who require special treatment. This emanates the idea of equity and the spirit of protection of all kinds of rights . The Equal Remuneration Act, 1976
Truncated Access to Institutional agricultural credit Dr.Ranjit Kumar
Poor access to formal credit has compelled these households to take loan from informal sources who sometimes charge interest @ 60 to 120 per cent per annum, threatening the livelihoods of these smallholders and poor households. During the study period of three years (2010 - 2013), no change in situation was visible in the VDSA villages and the access to formal sources of agricultural credit seems to remain truncated.
Study the international Finance at the macro level. In this slide we will see the Current Account situation of several countries and Vietnam on focus (as of 2008).
In slide 2.2 we will see how to Finance the Current Account deficit.
2.2. Balance Of Payment Capital Account To Finance Ca DeficitHai Vu
International Finance related issues.
The Capital Account of the balance of payments measures all international economic transactions of financial assets. It is divided into two components:
+ The Capital Account
+ The Financial Account.
Capital Accounts consist of:
- Direct Investment – in which the investor exerts some explicit degree of control over the assets.
- Portfolio Investment – in which the investor has no control over the assets nor any participation in the management.
- Other Investment – consists of various short-term and long-term trade credits, cross-border loans, currency deposits, bank deposits and other capital flows related to cross-border trade.
DSR - Debt Service Ratio:
The Debt Service Ratio - DSR is the percentage of a borrower's income that will be used to pay off a loan. It is one of the factors a lender will use to assess your application. Most lenders set the maximum DSR from 30% to 30%, which means that the loan repayments should not take up more than that part of your salary. This ensures that you will be able to pay off your loan comfortably, with little to no risk of defaulting or going bankrupt. The DSR may be calculated based on your monthly, weekly or fortnightly earnings.
The Foreign Exchange (Forex) Market Explained: Dynamics, Participants and Tra...Steve W
This presentation provides an in-depth overview of the over-the-counter foreign exchange (Forex) market. Size, price discovery, major sources of liquidity, dealer transactions and trading strategy advancement and technology is discussed.
Introduction to the Theory of Game ElementsAki Järvinen
Intro to my theory of what elements games are made of. The theory and its concepts constitute the fundaments of my Ph.D. thesis and the analysis & design methods introduced in it.
Used for MBA professional accounting class room presentation and it includes FASB rules and forex currency dealings details for purchase and sale of goods and services with foreign party.
The presentation discusses the major laws available in India that protects women in the workplace. The laws discussed are: 1. Maternity Benefit Act, 2017
2. Factories Act, 1948
3. Sexual Harassment of Women at Workplace Act, 2013
It also enumerates the Vishaka Guidelines provided by the Supreme Court of India and the procedure for complaint of a sexual harassment case.
A brief introduction to the parliament of bhutan.Sangay Khandu
The presentation was made to the 1st Bloggers' Conference. It was prepared keeping in mind an audience who have very little or no awareness of Bhutan's Parliament and its functioning.
Equal Renumeration Act provided all possible exclusions, which helps with the protection of interests of women who require special treatment. This emanates the idea of equity and the spirit of protection of all kinds of rights . The Equal Remuneration Act, 1976
Truncated Access to Institutional agricultural credit Dr.Ranjit Kumar
Poor access to formal credit has compelled these households to take loan from informal sources who sometimes charge interest @ 60 to 120 per cent per annum, threatening the livelihoods of these smallholders and poor households. During the study period of three years (2010 - 2013), no change in situation was visible in the VDSA villages and the access to formal sources of agricultural credit seems to remain truncated.
Study the international Finance at the macro level. In this slide we will see the Current Account situation of several countries and Vietnam on focus (as of 2008).
In slide 2.2 we will see how to Finance the Current Account deficit.
2.2. Balance Of Payment Capital Account To Finance Ca DeficitHai Vu
International Finance related issues.
The Capital Account of the balance of payments measures all international economic transactions of financial assets. It is divided into two components:
+ The Capital Account
+ The Financial Account.
Capital Accounts consist of:
- Direct Investment – in which the investor exerts some explicit degree of control over the assets.
- Portfolio Investment – in which the investor has no control over the assets nor any participation in the management.
- Other Investment – consists of various short-term and long-term trade credits, cross-border loans, currency deposits, bank deposits and other capital flows related to cross-border trade.
DSR - Debt Service Ratio:
The Debt Service Ratio - DSR is the percentage of a borrower's income that will be used to pay off a loan. It is one of the factors a lender will use to assess your application. Most lenders set the maximum DSR from 30% to 30%, which means that the loan repayments should not take up more than that part of your salary. This ensures that you will be able to pay off your loan comfortably, with little to no risk of defaulting or going bankrupt. The DSR may be calculated based on your monthly, weekly or fortnightly earnings.
The Foreign Exchange (Forex) Market Explained: Dynamics, Participants and Tra...Steve W
This presentation provides an in-depth overview of the over-the-counter foreign exchange (Forex) market. Size, price discovery, major sources of liquidity, dealer transactions and trading strategy advancement and technology is discussed.
Introduction to the Theory of Game ElementsAki Järvinen
Intro to my theory of what elements games are made of. The theory and its concepts constitute the fundaments of my Ph.D. thesis and the analysis & design methods introduced in it.
Used for MBA professional accounting class room presentation and it includes FASB rules and forex currency dealings details for purchase and sale of goods and services with foreign party.
This presentation is an attempt to introduce Game Theory in one session. It's suitable for undergraduates. In practice, it's best used as a taster since only a portion of the material can be covered in an hour - topics can be chosen according to the interests of the class.
The main reference source used was 'Games, Theory and Applications' by L.C.Thomas. Further notes available at: http://bit.ly/nW6ULD
About 75% people are living in rural areas and are still dependent on Agriculture.
About 43% of India’s geographical area is used for agricultural activity.
Agriculture continues to play a major role in Indian Economy.
Provides food to more than 1 billion people
Produces 51 major crops
Contributes to 1/6th of the Export Earnings
The foreign exchange market or forex market as it is often called is the market in which currencies are traded.
Currency Trading is the world’s largest market consisting of almost trillion in daily volumes
The market continues to rapidly grow. Not only is the forex market the largest market in the world, but it is also the most liquid, differentiating it from the other markets.
There is no central marketplace for the exchange of currency, but instead the trading is conducted over-the-counter.
This decentralization of the market allows traders to choose from a number of different dealers to make trades with and allows for comparison of prices. Typically, the larger a dealer is the better access they have to pricing at the largest banks in the world, and are able to pass that on to their clients.
The spot currency market is open twenty-four hours a day, five days a week, with currencies being traded around the world in all of the major financial centers.
All trades that take place in the foreign exchange market involve the buying of one currency and the selling of another currency simultaneously. This is because the value of one currency is determined by its comparison to another currency.
The first currency of a currency pair is called the “base currency,” while the second currency is called the counter currency. The currency pair shows how much of the counter currency is needed to purchase one unit of the base currency.
Currency pairs can be thought of as a single unit that can be bought or sold. When purchasing a currency pair, the base currency is being bought, while the counter currency is being sold.
Forex Capital Markets (FXCM) is an online currency trading firm that offers a free demo account to traders who are new and interested in the foreign exchange market.
It allows you to experience every step of currency trading including choosing currency pairs, deciding how much risk to take, tracking the time and dates of placed trades, deciding how long to stay in the trade, and when to exit the trade. It also allows the placing of stop and limit orders on trades.
Information about trading and specifically about how to use the online trading platform can be found on the FXCM webpage. In addition, FXCM offers FREE interactive online seminars that are extremely useful to both new and experienced currency traders.
Characteristics of foreign exchange
Its huge trading volume representing the largest asset class in the world leading to high liquidity;
Its geographical dispersion;
Its continuous operation: 24 hours a day except weekends, i.e., trading from 20:15 GMT on Sunday until 22:00 GMT Friday;
The variety of factors that affect exchange rates;
The low margins of relative profit compared with other markets of fixed income;
The use of leverage to enhance profit and loss margins and with respect to account size.
UAPVP launched many schemes available for different segments of the society including EWS, LIG, MIG, BPL and HIG categories.
UPAVP the development agency of Uttar Pradesh know as Uttar Pradesh Awas Vikas Parishad is going to implement the government housing mission, Pradhan Mantri Awas Yojana.
About 20,000 houses will be constructed in the state.
On the construction of housing units, the UPAVP will spend about Rs. 3,000 Crore and the implementation work will be started once it get the approval from the government.
The comprehensive plan for Fiscal year 2017-18 has been prepared by the agency and the houses units in these projects will be constructed under UP government Vrindavan & Awadh Vihar Yojana.
Under PMAY UP, about 2,000 houses have been registered by the government and creating further plan for the scheme, the UPAVP is planning to open the registrations for additional 3,000 houses.
MGNREGA An Overview include all the basic information related to MGNREGA like its introduction, timeline of MGNREGA, It's salient features, Stakeholders associated with MGNREGA. Also include the performance and impact of MGNREGA on different issues like on Agriculture, on socio-economic of tribal people, on wage rates in agriculture, on women empowerment etc.
To get full detailed description about the topic contact me on alkesh.patel.2711@gmail.com
2. National Rural Employment Guarantee
Scheme, NREGS) is Indian legislation enacted on
August 25, 2005.
Provides a legal guarantee for one hundred days
of employment in every financial year to adult
members of any rural household willing to do
public work-related unskilled manual work at the
statutory minimum wage.
The Ministry of Rural Development (MRD), Govt
of India is monitoring the entire implementation
of this scheme in association with state
governments
3. This act was introduced with an aim of
improving the purchasing power of the rural
people, primarily semi or un-skilled work to
people living below poverty line in rural India.
It attempts to bridge the gap between the rich
and poor in the country. Roughly one-third of
the stipulated work force must be women
4. The employment will be provided within a radius
of 5 km: if it is above 5 km extra wage will be
paid.
The scheme was introduced in 200 districts
during financial year 2006-07 and 130 districts
during the financial year 2007-08
In April 2008 NREGA expanded to entire rural
area of the country covering 34 States and Union
Territories, 614 Districts, 6,096 Blocks and 2.65
lakhs Gram Panchayats.
5. • Who can apply for employment under the
Scheme?
All adult members of a rural household who
have a Job Card. Even if a person is already
employed / engaged in work, he/she has the
right to demand employment as unskilled
manual worker under this Act. Women will get
priority and 1/3rd of beneficiaries under the
Programme are to be women.
6. • How can one apply for work?
To get employment the registered adult holding
a Job Card should ask for work through an
application on a plain paper in writing to the
Gram Panchayat or Programme Officer (at
Block level) and ask for a dated receipt of
application.
7. • How many days of the year can one get this
employment?
A household is entitled to 100 days of work in
a financial year; and that can be divided
among adult members of the household. The
work duration shall ordinarily be for at least
14 days continuously, with not more than 6
days per week.
8. • When can one get employment?
Within 15 days of submitting the application
or from the day work is
demanded, employment will be provided to
the applicant.
• Who will allot employment?
Gram Panchayat or the Programme
Officer, whoever has been requested
9.
10. • What facilities are to be made available to
workers?
Safe drinking water, shade for children, periods
of rest and first-aid box with adequate
material for emergency treatment for minor
injuries and other health hazards connected
with the work.
11. • Where will work be provided?
Within 5 km of applicant’s residence. If
employment is provided beyond 5 km radius of
the applicant’s residence then he/she is entitled
to 10% additional wages towards transport and
living expenses. If some persons are directed for
work beyond 5 kilometres, then persons older in
age and women shall be given preference for
work on worksites nearer to the village.
12. • What are the provisions for a worker?
In case of accidents: If any labourer gets bodily injury during the course of
employment at work site, the person is entitled to free medical treatment
from the State Government.
In case of hospitalisation of the injured labourer: The concerned State
Government shall provide complete treatment, medicines, hospital
accommodation without any charge and the injured person will be
entitled for daily allowance which shall not be less than 50% of wage rate
applicable.
In case of death or permanent disability to the registered labourer due to
accident at work site: An ex-gratia payment of Rs.25, 000 or such amount
as may be notified by the Central Government shall be paid to the legal
heir of the deceased or to the disabled as the case may be.
13. • What type of work will be given?
• Durable assets: An important objective of Scheme is to
create durable assets and strengthen the livelihood
resource base of the rural poor.
Work done through contractors is not permissible
The kind of works permissible under the Programme and
according to priority:-
• water conservation and water harvesting;
• drought proofing, afforestation and tree plantation.
• irrigation canals including micro and minor irrigation works;
• provision of irrigation facility to land owned by households
belonging to the Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes or
to land beneficiaries of land reforms or that of the
beneficiaries under the Indira Awas Yojana of the
Government of India.
14. • renovation of traditional water bodies including
desilting of tanks,
• land development,
• flood control and protection works including
drainage in water logged areas,
• rural connectivity to provide all-weather access.
The construction of roads may include culverts
where necessary, and within the village area
culverts may be taken up along with drains.
• any other work which may be notified by the
Central Government in consultation with the
State Government
15. • How are program functionaries accountable
for what they do?
They are accountable through continuous and
concurrent evaluation and audit of the
Programme by internal as well external
evaluators. The authority to conduct social
audit is vested in Gram Sabha, a Village Level
Vigilance committed is to be setup by Gram
Sabha to oversee each work. Moreover, any
contravention of the Act shall, on
conviction, be liable to fine which may extend
to one thousand rupees. There will also be a
Grievance Redressal Mechanism that would
be setup in each District.