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Digital divide
- 1. Department of medical informatics and innovative technologies with a course PE ‘Information Security’ Lection Digital divide for clinical physiology students seniour lecturer Helen Kichigina www.ekichigina.com Krasnoyarsk 2012
- 2. Introduction «The inequality of states, and inequality of education - these are the main causes of social distress» Jean Antoine Condorcet
- 3. Society development phases A. Toffler describes three types of societies, based on the concept of “waves” : • the society after agrarian revolution and replaced the first hunter-gatherer cultures • Industrial Revolution (nuclear family, factory- type education system and the corporation) • the post-industrial society
- 5. The total research output USA China Japan UK Germany France Canada Russia Others
- 6. Costs on research and development in Russia, $ mlrd
- 7. Quantity of researches (absolute numbers) Russia in on the 3rd place (492 th. people) after USA – 1st place (1261 th.) and Japan – 2nd place (676 th.). Quantity of researches (specific numbers) Among 10000 employed people there are 69 researches in Russia. It is 7 times more than in China (10 researches ), 2,4 times more than in Italy (29 researches ), 0,25 times more than in UK (55 researches ) and approximately corresponds with the amount of German researches (67). Percentage of high-tech export in total merchandise export High-tech export in Russia (3,1%) corresponds with India (3,1%), yielding more than five times to China and 2.5 times in Italy (7.9%).
- 8. Digital opportunity index (DOI)
- 9. In an ideal world, digital opportunity would mean • The whole population having easy access to ICTs at affordable prices; • All homes equipped with ICT devices; • All citizens having mobile ICT devices; • and Everyone using broadband.
- 12. 1/3 of the whole world’s population is now online
- 13. 2G and 3G usage
- 14. Internet usage
- 15. Internet in Russia To the end of 2011 the audience of Internet users in Russia reached 70 million (the whole population of Russia - 142.9 million people). In Russia, the Internet is used by 49% of Russians; and only 30% of them use Internet daily
- 16. The quantity of Internet users (absolute numbers)
- 17. The quantity of Internet users (specific numbers)
- 19. INTERNET PENETRATION TOTHE AGE GROUPS (% FROM GROUPS) WINTER WINTER WINTER SPRING SUMMER AUTUMN WINTER YEARS YEARS YEARS AND OLDER YEARS YEARS
- 21. Web-users location • In Moscow, Internet penetration is 55%, while the national average is 20% • The speed of access to the Internet in Moscow is about 9 times higher than the national average e-Intensity
- 22. Gender interests of web-users Women surf for: Multimedia Business Health Children Job Men surf for: Hobby Computers Gadgets Documents Reviews
- 23. Digital divide • inequalities between individuals, households, businesses, and geographic areas at different socioeconomic and other demographic levels • the divide between developing and developed countries on an international scale
- 24. Trends
- 25. It is not the strongest of the species that survives, nor the most intelligent, but the one most responsive to change Charles Darwin
Editor's Notes
- Marie Jean Antoine Nicolas de Caritat, marquis de Condorcet ([maʁi ʒɑ̃n‿ɑ̃twan nikola də kaʁita kɔ̃dɔʁˈse]; 17 September 1743 – 28 March 1794), known as Nicolas de Condorcet, was a French philosopher, mathematician, and early political scientist whose Condorcet method in voting tally selects the candidate who would beat each of the other candidates in a run-off election. Unlike many of his contemporaries, he advocated a liberal economy, free and equal public education, constitutionalism, and equal rights for women and people of all races. His ideas and writings were said to embody the ideals of the Age of Enlightenment and rationalism, and remain influential to this day. He died a mysterious death in prison after a period of being a fugitive from French Revolutionary authorities.
- Russia's share is 2%; in 1996 - 2008. the number of scientific papers in the Russia fell by 24%
- The Digital Opportunity Index is an e-index based on internationally-agreed ICT indicators. This makes it a valuable tool for benchmarking the most important indicators for measuring the Information Society. The DOI is a standard tool that governments, operators, development agencies, researchers and others can use to measure the digital divide and compare ICT performance within and across countries.
- The Digital Divide refers to any inequalities between groups, broadly construed, in terms of access to, use of, or knowledge of information and communication technologies (ICT).[1][2] The divide inside countries (such as the digital divide in the United States) can refer to inequalities between individuals, households, businesses, and geographic areas at different socioeconomic and other demographic levels, while[3][4][5] the Global digital divide designates countries as the units of analysis and examines the divide between developing and developed countries on an international scale.[2]
- Уровень информационного неравенства стремительно возрастает вместе с развитием самих информационных и коммуникационных технологий.