The document discusses different types of lines that appear on maps, including circles of latitude like the Arctic and Antarctic Circles, as well as the Equator, Tropics of Cancer and Capricorn, and hemispheres. These lines serve purposes like marking regions, dividing the globe into sections, and aiding navigation. Key points covered include the definition and purpose of lines like the DEW radar line, prime meridian, and International Date Line, as well as how latitude and longitude are used to locate places on a map.

1. DIFFERENT TYPES
OF LINE ON MAPS

2. LINES OF MAPS
• You can't see them, but they're there.
Points and lines on a map define not
only where you are, but also when
you're there. Navigators still rely on
these imaginary lines to get where they
are going. You can use them, too.

3. ARTIC CIRCLE
• Arctic Circle, parallel, or line of latitude around the Earth,
at approximately 66°30′ N. Because of the Earth's inclination
of about 23 1/2° to the vertical, it marks the southern limit of
the area within which, for one day or more each year, the Sun
does not set (about June 21) or rise (about December 21)
• The Arctic region covers parts of eight countries: Canada,
Greenland, Iceland, Norway, Sweden, Finland, Russia, and
the United States.

4. ARTIC CIRCLE

5. PURPOSE OF ARTIC CIRCLE
• The purpose of an Artic Circle is to mark
the Artic regions of your map, and add a
decorative touch to the overall look of your
map.
• The purpose of an artic circle is to show
how far you can travel the fastest from a
central starting point.

6. ANTARTIC CIRCLE
• The Antarctic Circle is the most southerly of
the five major circles of latitude that mark
maps of Earth. The region south of this circle
is known as the Antarctic, and the zone
immediately to the north is called the Southern
Temperate Zone
• The parallel of latitude that is approximately 66¹/₂
degrees south of the equator and that
circumscribes the southern frigid zone.

7. ANTARTIC CIRCLE

8. PURPOSE OF ANTARTIC
CIRCLE
• The purpose of an antartic circle is to
show how frozen or habitable lands exist
in relation to each other - to show how the
Earth fits together

9. DEW LINE
• The DEW (distant early warning) line is a
3,000-mile line of radar stations north of the
Arctic Circle. It should notify the U.S. and
Canada of the approach of enemy planes or
missiles.
• DEW line could detect enemy bombers
coming over the North Pole that could
threaten North American cities.

10. DEW LINE

11. EQUATOR
• This imaginary circle goes around the middle
of the earth for 24,902 miles. It divides the
Northern Hemisphere from the Southern
Hemisphere and is exactly half way between
the North and South Poles.
• an imaginary line around the middle of a
planet or other celestial body.

12. EQUATOR

13. EQUATOR
• The Equator divides the Earth into northern
and southern hemispheres, with both
experiencing different amounts of daylight at
different times. This, weather, climate and the
seasons we experience are a result of the
Earth's tilt on its axis and its orbit around the
sun.

14. INTERNATIONAL DATE LINE
• An imaginary line where the date changes one
day when passed. It is one day earlier east of
the line than it is on the west.
• The international date line functions as a “ line
of demarcation ” separating two consecutive
calendar dates

15. INTERNATIONAL DATE LINE

16. Prime meridian
• The prime meridian appears on maps and globes. It
is the starting point for the measuring system
called longitude. Longitude is a system of imaginary
north-south lines called meridians. They connect the
North Pole to the South Pole.
• The prime meridian separates the eastern
hemisphere from the western hemisphere. Halfway
around the world, at 180 degrees longitude, is the
International Date Line.

18. LONGITUDE AND LATITUDE
• Latitudes are horizontal lines that measure
distance north or south of the
equator. Longitudes are vertical lines that
measure east or west of the meridian in
Greenwich, England.
• Together, latitude and longitude enable
cartographers, geographers and others to locate
points or places on the globe.

19. LONGITUDE AND LATITUDE

20. THE TROPIC OF CANCER
• A parallel line of latitude that is a quarter of the way
from the equator to the North Pole. During the
summer solstice, the sun is directly overhead. Also
known as Northern Tropic
• Used to divide the Earth into different parts for
navigation and marking the northern boundary of
the tropics

21. THE TROPIC OF CANCER

22. TROPIC OF CAPRICORN
• This line of latitude is a quarter of the way from the equator to
the South Pole. During the winter solstice, the sun is directly
overhead.
• The Tropic of Capricorn lies at 23d 26' 22" (23.4394 degrees)
south of the Equator and marks the most southerly latitude
at which the sun can appear directly overhead at noon.
This event occurs at the December solstice, when the southern
hemisphere is tilted towards the sun to its maximum extent.
• Used to aid in dividing the Earth into different parts and
marking the southern boundary of the tropics

23. TROPIC OF CAPRICORN

24. HEMISPHERES
• Any circle drawn around the Earth divides
it into two equal halves called hemispheres.
There are generally considered to be four
hemispheres: Northern, Southern, Eastern, and
Western.
• Hemisphere comes from the Greek, and
combines the prefix hemi-, for "half," with
sphere, or "perfectly round ball.“

25. HEMISPHERES