The document outlines the topics to be covered in a class session on war, terrorism, and the balance of power. It discusses theories of capitalism, imperialism, and white supremacy. Key thinkers to be covered include Wallerstein, Chomsky, Klein, Shawki, and Wilkerson. Videos and materials on related topics like the Shock Doctrine, forms of imperialism, and definitions of terms will be provided. A proposed framework is given for understanding social problems in their historical context and relation to capitalism. Solutions will be discussed based on this analysis.
The document discusses how countries have responded to economic crises throughout history. It provides examples of both embracing modern liberalism as well as temporarily rejecting some liberal principles. The Great Depression is used as an example of how Franklin D. Roosevelt successfully fought the crisis by implementing New Deal programs and Keynesian economic policies, embracing modern liberalism. In contrast, Germany after WWI desperately rejected liberalism under Hitler, which ultimately failed and led to catastrophe. The document argues that rejecting liberalism can work temporarily in a crisis but should not become permanent, and modern liberalism is generally the best approach for long-term stability and growth.
The Crisis of Imperialism and the Future of Humanityapscuhuru
Analysis of root causes of today's economic crisis and the way forward. This presentation was developed by Penny Hess, Chairwoman of the African People's Solidarity Committee (APSC), white people organizing solidarity with the African liberation movement. APSC works under the leadership of the Uhuru Movement, led by the African People's Socialist Party. For more information, visit http://www.apscuhuru.org or http://www.uhurunews.com.
Hist a390 anarchy fear and loathing the public perception of anarchistsejdennison
The document discusses public perceptions of anarchists and images of violence. It notes that states often overreacted to the limited threat posed by anarchists with restrictive legislation and violence of their own. Violence was sometimes justified by workers and anarchists as self-defense against state and capitalist violence towards strikers. The era saw many violent clashes between workers and authorities. Some anarchists advocated "propaganda by the deed," violent acts to draw attention, though most anarchists engaged in non-violent political and social organizing. States exploited fears to pass repressive laws and increase surveillance of radicals.
Utopia and dystopia in confrontation troughout the historyFernando Alcoforado
Faced with the failure of the Enlightenment, Marxism and Modernity in the construction of human happiness, it is an immense challenge for contemporary thinkers to establish new paradigms and new values of rational behavior to be formulated for society in the present era. Contemporary thinkers need to mobilize in the reinvention of a new Enlightenment project of society as did eighteenth-century thinkers in order to construct the utopia of a new world that will bring to an end the ordeal of humanity.
Spring 2013, Social Movements - Primitive accumulation, capitalist developmen...Stephen Cheng
This was a final term paper that I wrote during the Spring 2013 semester at CUNY for Professor Frances Fox Piven. I focus on developments in the Brazilian countryside during the twentieth century and, in the process, trace the evolution of the Movimento dos Trabalhadores Rurais Sem Terra (MST) (Landless Workers' Movement). Along the way, I write about the economic modernization of Brazil and the situation of the country's peasantry.
This document summarizes John D. Breen's study on poverty in Argentina. It discusses how poverty has historically been defined through famine, population growth theories, and income inequality. However, it argues that free market policies best alleviate poverty by allowing markets to efficiently allocate resources, create wealth, and increase wages. While income inequality exists in countries like Argentina, the true cause of poverty is government intervention and restrictions on capital that hinder free market mechanisms.
The document provides an overview of several themes related to world history between 1750-1914 and 1914-2008, covering topics such as the American and French Revolutions, the abolition of slavery, industrialization, modernization in Japan and China, the Great Depression, World Wars, independence movements, feminism, and the environment. Key events discussed include the American colonies declaring independence from Britain, the violent French Revolution overthrowing the monarchy, Japan undergoing rapid modernization while China resisted Western influence, the global spread of communism in the 20th century, decolonization in Asia and Africa, and the rise of international environmentalism.
This document summarizes key aspects of left-wing and right-wing terrorism discussed in Chapter 7 of the book "Understanding Terrorism". It outlines different terrorist groups from the left (such as the Red Army Faction and Provisional Irish Republican Army) and right (such as the Afrikaner Resistance Movement). It also describes the ideologies that motivate left-wing groups like Marxism and right-wing groups like fascism. Common strategies and themes of each side are compared, and the past and potential future of violent left and right-wing movements are briefly examined.
The document discusses how countries have responded to economic crises throughout history. It provides examples of both embracing modern liberalism as well as temporarily rejecting some liberal principles. The Great Depression is used as an example of how Franklin D. Roosevelt successfully fought the crisis by implementing New Deal programs and Keynesian economic policies, embracing modern liberalism. In contrast, Germany after WWI desperately rejected liberalism under Hitler, which ultimately failed and led to catastrophe. The document argues that rejecting liberalism can work temporarily in a crisis but should not become permanent, and modern liberalism is generally the best approach for long-term stability and growth.
The Crisis of Imperialism and the Future of Humanityapscuhuru
Analysis of root causes of today's economic crisis and the way forward. This presentation was developed by Penny Hess, Chairwoman of the African People's Solidarity Committee (APSC), white people organizing solidarity with the African liberation movement. APSC works under the leadership of the Uhuru Movement, led by the African People's Socialist Party. For more information, visit http://www.apscuhuru.org or http://www.uhurunews.com.
Hist a390 anarchy fear and loathing the public perception of anarchistsejdennison
The document discusses public perceptions of anarchists and images of violence. It notes that states often overreacted to the limited threat posed by anarchists with restrictive legislation and violence of their own. Violence was sometimes justified by workers and anarchists as self-defense against state and capitalist violence towards strikers. The era saw many violent clashes between workers and authorities. Some anarchists advocated "propaganda by the deed," violent acts to draw attention, though most anarchists engaged in non-violent political and social organizing. States exploited fears to pass repressive laws and increase surveillance of radicals.
Utopia and dystopia in confrontation troughout the historyFernando Alcoforado
Faced with the failure of the Enlightenment, Marxism and Modernity in the construction of human happiness, it is an immense challenge for contemporary thinkers to establish new paradigms and new values of rational behavior to be formulated for society in the present era. Contemporary thinkers need to mobilize in the reinvention of a new Enlightenment project of society as did eighteenth-century thinkers in order to construct the utopia of a new world that will bring to an end the ordeal of humanity.
Spring 2013, Social Movements - Primitive accumulation, capitalist developmen...Stephen Cheng
This was a final term paper that I wrote during the Spring 2013 semester at CUNY for Professor Frances Fox Piven. I focus on developments in the Brazilian countryside during the twentieth century and, in the process, trace the evolution of the Movimento dos Trabalhadores Rurais Sem Terra (MST) (Landless Workers' Movement). Along the way, I write about the economic modernization of Brazil and the situation of the country's peasantry.
This document summarizes John D. Breen's study on poverty in Argentina. It discusses how poverty has historically been defined through famine, population growth theories, and income inequality. However, it argues that free market policies best alleviate poverty by allowing markets to efficiently allocate resources, create wealth, and increase wages. While income inequality exists in countries like Argentina, the true cause of poverty is government intervention and restrictions on capital that hinder free market mechanisms.
The document provides an overview of several themes related to world history between 1750-1914 and 1914-2008, covering topics such as the American and French Revolutions, the abolition of slavery, industrialization, modernization in Japan and China, the Great Depression, World Wars, independence movements, feminism, and the environment. Key events discussed include the American colonies declaring independence from Britain, the violent French Revolution overthrowing the monarchy, Japan undergoing rapid modernization while China resisted Western influence, the global spread of communism in the 20th century, decolonization in Asia and Africa, and the rise of international environmentalism.
This document summarizes key aspects of left-wing and right-wing terrorism discussed in Chapter 7 of the book "Understanding Terrorism". It outlines different terrorist groups from the left (such as the Red Army Faction and Provisional Irish Republican Army) and right (such as the Afrikaner Resistance Movement). It also describes the ideologies that motivate left-wing groups like Marxism and right-wing groups like fascism. Common strategies and themes of each side are compared, and the past and potential future of violent left and right-wing movements are briefly examined.
This document provides an analysis of how two protagonists, Willy Loman from Death of a Salesman and Tommy Wilhelm from Seize the Day, experience the disintegration of the American Dream. It discusses how both characters pursue the dream of success through business prosperity but ultimately find disillusionment as the dream proves elusive. The document examines how Willy Loman's misguided beliefs about success lead to his downfall, while Tommy Wilhelm is able to rise above the difficulties imposed on him by society. It analyzes how the two works portray the negative consequences that can result from blindly chasing an illusion of the American Dream.
The document discusses the history of ideologies in Latin America from the 18th to 20th centuries. It explores how Enlightenment, Romanticism, and Positivism influenced revolutions seeking independence, democracy, and development. Major revolutions in Mexico and Cuba are also summarized, highlighting the roles of key figures like Emiliano Zapata, Fidel Castro, and economic/political factors. International interventions from the US and adoption of different forms of socialism are also examined.
In defense of a new enlightenment project to end the human calvary in the worldFernando Alcoforado
This article aims to demonstrate the need for a new Enlightenment project to end the calvary in which humanity is subjected throughout history that reached its highest level during the existence of capitalism in the contemporary era, striving for the construction of a new model of society that provides benefits for all human beings. Calvary means martyrdom, suffering. An observer attentive to what happens in the world realizes the calvary suffered by humanity throughout history. This calvary is characterized by the exploitation of man by man with slavery during Antiquity, serfdom during feudalism in the Middle Ages and wage labor during capitalism from the 12th century to the contemporary era that contributes to the growth of social inequalities, the increase in crime and violence among human beings, the restriction of political freedoms in many countries and the escalation of international conflicts and terrorism.
The document compares and contrasts the key causes and impacts of the French and American revolutions. Both revolutions sought political change and equality. The French Revolution was influenced by Enlightenment ideas and overthrew the monarchy, establishing new political and economic systems that benefited the middle class. It inspired other revolutions in Latin America. The American Revolution ended colonial rule by Britain and influenced the French Revolution.
This document provides an overview of a lecture on the debate over an integrated world system. It discusses arguments for and against world integration from economic and moral perspectives. Supporters of free trade argue nations should specialize in what they produce best and trade freely. Others argue weaker economies need protection initially and prefer regulated cooperation between developed and developing regions. Critically, some argue European domination and imposed economic systems historically disadvantaged developing areas due to exploitation and failure to respect local laws and peoples. Overall, the lecture frames the debate between full integration versus regulated independence in international political economy.
1. Franklin Roosevelt and Adolf Hitler both came to power in the 1930s during the Great Depression, appealing to people who were adrift in poverty and despair.
2. Neither leader solved the economic crisis, though Hitler was more successful at restoring employment; their confidence and propaganda kept people supportive.
3. The two regimes reacted to the depression in similar ways initially, though the Nazis handled monetary issues better and pursued imperial expansion more aggressively.
Lecture I developed directly after the attacks of 9-11-2001 at Washington & Lee University while teaching the History of Economic Thought course and specifically the Marxian critique of capitalism.
The document summarizes key aspects of liberalism and rejections of liberalism through history. It discusses the philosophies of classical liberal thinkers like John Locke, John Stuart Mill, and Karl Marx. It then analyzes circumstances in Germany and Russia that made communism and fascism appealing rejections of liberalism, including economic turmoil after WWI in Germany and oppression under the Tsar in Russia. The document considers elements of these rejections that could still be considered liberal and debates how justified the rejections were given the circumstances. It concludes by comparing the past rejections to the contemporary rejection of liberalism by the Taliban in Afghanistan.
The document discusses Team Resistance and their connections to declarations of independence and individual rights and freedoms from influential documents. It also discusses classical liberal thinkers like John Locke, John Stuart Mill, and Karl Marx. It examines rejections to liberalism like communism, fascism, and uses of secret police. It analyzes circumstances that made communism and fascism appealing in Russia and Germany. It considers elements of both systems that could be considered liberal and debates the justifications for their rejections of liberalism. Finally, it compares these historical examples to the contemporary Taliban and draws conclusions.
The document summarizes key aspects of liberalism and rejections of liberalism through history. It discusses the philosophies of classical liberal thinkers like John Locke, John Stuart Mill, and Karl Marx. It then analyzes circumstances in Germany and Russia that made communism and fascism appealing rejections of liberalism, including economic turmoil after WWI and the Russian Revolution. Elements of liberalism present in communism and fascism are noted. Justifications for the rejections of liberalism in Nazi Germany and Soviet Russia are provided due to citizens' desperation for stability. Contemporary rejections like the Taliban are also briefly discussed.
This document discusses Lenin's theory of imperialism and provides an eco-materialist critique. It summarizes Lenin's view that imperialism was the highest stage of capitalism and would lead to its collapse. However, it argues that abundant, cheap energy from fossil fuels allowed capitalism to overcome crises and outcompete socialist systems. As fossil fuel depletion increases, the limits of capitalism and imperialism may be reached as complexity can no longer be sustained without growing energy inputs. Systemic failures could induce further complex "solutions" and conflicts over declining resources.
This document summarizes major global events from 1929 to 1949, including the Great Depression, rise of populism, Japanese expansionism and Chinese Civil War, Stalin's Soviet economic model, and World War II. It discusses totalitarian regimes in Europe, fascism and Nazism, as well as war atrocities like the Holocaust and Rape of Nanking. The world emerged from WWII scarred both physically and psychologically.
The Political Report to the Sixth Congress of the African People’s Socialist ...RBG Communiversity
The document provides an overview of the African People's Socialist Party and the political context surrounding its Sixth Congress. It notes that the Party was founded in 1972 in the aftermath of the defeat of the Black Revolution of the 1960s. It argues that the Party's leadership is now needed more than ever as imperialism enters a crisis period. The Party recognizes the defeat of previous revolutionary struggles and aims to complete what was started rather than accept limitations. It asserts that the Party's role is to continue providing revolutionary leadership to the African masses and lead the Final Offensive Against Imperialism.
This document discusses several key theoretical approaches to understanding concepts of race and ethnicity, including primordialism, instrumentalism, plural society theories, and Marxist approaches. It also critiques sociobiological explanations of race and analyzes how racism has been used to divide and exploit the working class. Racism and racial divisions are seen as developing out of and being used strategically under capitalism to prevent worker solidarity and maximize profit through greater exploitation of labor. Race and class are viewed as inextricably linked in structuring social relations and experiences.
There were well over 100 civilizations that came into being, flourished, and then fizzled out in the last 5,000 years or so. The question always arises: "Why?". This presentation offers some of the answer.
Roland Barthes was a major 20th century French literary theorist, philosopher and linguist. Some of his most important works included Mythologies, Elements of Semiology, The Death of the Author, and Camera Lucida. Barthes was known for applying semiotic analysis to culture and exploring the underlying myths that shape cultural systems.
The document summarizes several chapters from the book "Ways of the World" covering various historical events and themes:
1) The American and Haitian Revolutions were driven by tensions between social classes and ideals of equality and representation.
2) The Industrial Revolution improved economies but exploited workers through poor conditions. New ideologies emerged in response to social changes.
3) European imperialism impacted economies in Africa and Asia through cash crop agriculture and religious influences. Colonies suffered under European rule.
4) Tensions between European powers led to World War I, new governments like Fascism emerged afterwards, and the Great Depression challenged capitalist ideals.
The document discusses the history and perspectives of feminism across three waves. The first wave from the 19th-early 20th centuries focused on issues like women's suffrage, education, and work. The second wave from the 1960s-1980s addressed legal and cultural inequalities. The third wave from the late 1980s-2000s built on and responded to perceived failures of the second wave. It also discusses various feminist ideologies like liberal, radical, socialist, and postcolonial feminism that have different views on issues like patriarchy, sex work, and globalization. Key incidents and developments are highlighted for each wave of feminism.
National Humanities Center Resource Toolbox
The Making of African American Identity: Vol. III, 1917-1968
Stokely Carmichael.Toward Black Liberation The Massachusetts Review Autumn 1966 Excerpt*
This document provides standards and vocabulary for a grade 8 world geography unit on revolutions in Russia. It outlines topics to be covered each day, including Cornell notes on the Russian and Stalinist revolutions. Essential questions are provided to guide student understanding of conditions in pre-revolutionary Russia, the causes of revolution, and how communism played out under Stalin. Key figures and concepts are defined.
The document discusses various topics related to terrorism including:
1. It describes several ancient groups that used terrorist tactics such as the Zealots-Sicarii who rebelled against Roman rule in Judea, the Assassins cult who committed murders to purify Islam, and the Thuggies of India cult.
2. It analyzes different waves of modern terrorism including the Anarchist wave from 1881-1914 with groups like Narodnaya Volya, the Anti-Colonial wave from 1920-1960 led by groups seeking independence like the Irgun faction, and the New Left wave from 1945-1989 with Marxist-Leninist groups like the Weather Underground.
3. It discusses the
The document discusses the causes and key events of the French Revolution. It was influenced by Enlightenment ideas of government for and by the people. Resentment against the monarchy and fiscal crisis also contributed. Major events included the storming of the Bastille prison, establishment of the National Assembly, Declaration of the Rights of Man and Citizen, the Reign of Terror led by the Jacobins, and the executions of Louis XVI and Marie Antoinette. The revolution created a new nation controlled by the French people and increased political power for the middle class.
This document provides an analysis of how two protagonists, Willy Loman from Death of a Salesman and Tommy Wilhelm from Seize the Day, experience the disintegration of the American Dream. It discusses how both characters pursue the dream of success through business prosperity but ultimately find disillusionment as the dream proves elusive. The document examines how Willy Loman's misguided beliefs about success lead to his downfall, while Tommy Wilhelm is able to rise above the difficulties imposed on him by society. It analyzes how the two works portray the negative consequences that can result from blindly chasing an illusion of the American Dream.
The document discusses the history of ideologies in Latin America from the 18th to 20th centuries. It explores how Enlightenment, Romanticism, and Positivism influenced revolutions seeking independence, democracy, and development. Major revolutions in Mexico and Cuba are also summarized, highlighting the roles of key figures like Emiliano Zapata, Fidel Castro, and economic/political factors. International interventions from the US and adoption of different forms of socialism are also examined.
In defense of a new enlightenment project to end the human calvary in the worldFernando Alcoforado
This article aims to demonstrate the need for a new Enlightenment project to end the calvary in which humanity is subjected throughout history that reached its highest level during the existence of capitalism in the contemporary era, striving for the construction of a new model of society that provides benefits for all human beings. Calvary means martyrdom, suffering. An observer attentive to what happens in the world realizes the calvary suffered by humanity throughout history. This calvary is characterized by the exploitation of man by man with slavery during Antiquity, serfdom during feudalism in the Middle Ages and wage labor during capitalism from the 12th century to the contemporary era that contributes to the growth of social inequalities, the increase in crime and violence among human beings, the restriction of political freedoms in many countries and the escalation of international conflicts and terrorism.
The document compares and contrasts the key causes and impacts of the French and American revolutions. Both revolutions sought political change and equality. The French Revolution was influenced by Enlightenment ideas and overthrew the monarchy, establishing new political and economic systems that benefited the middle class. It inspired other revolutions in Latin America. The American Revolution ended colonial rule by Britain and influenced the French Revolution.
This document provides an overview of a lecture on the debate over an integrated world system. It discusses arguments for and against world integration from economic and moral perspectives. Supporters of free trade argue nations should specialize in what they produce best and trade freely. Others argue weaker economies need protection initially and prefer regulated cooperation between developed and developing regions. Critically, some argue European domination and imposed economic systems historically disadvantaged developing areas due to exploitation and failure to respect local laws and peoples. Overall, the lecture frames the debate between full integration versus regulated independence in international political economy.
1. Franklin Roosevelt and Adolf Hitler both came to power in the 1930s during the Great Depression, appealing to people who were adrift in poverty and despair.
2. Neither leader solved the economic crisis, though Hitler was more successful at restoring employment; their confidence and propaganda kept people supportive.
3. The two regimes reacted to the depression in similar ways initially, though the Nazis handled monetary issues better and pursued imperial expansion more aggressively.
Lecture I developed directly after the attacks of 9-11-2001 at Washington & Lee University while teaching the History of Economic Thought course and specifically the Marxian critique of capitalism.
The document summarizes key aspects of liberalism and rejections of liberalism through history. It discusses the philosophies of classical liberal thinkers like John Locke, John Stuart Mill, and Karl Marx. It then analyzes circumstances in Germany and Russia that made communism and fascism appealing rejections of liberalism, including economic turmoil after WWI in Germany and oppression under the Tsar in Russia. The document considers elements of these rejections that could still be considered liberal and debates how justified the rejections were given the circumstances. It concludes by comparing the past rejections to the contemporary rejection of liberalism by the Taliban in Afghanistan.
The document discusses Team Resistance and their connections to declarations of independence and individual rights and freedoms from influential documents. It also discusses classical liberal thinkers like John Locke, John Stuart Mill, and Karl Marx. It examines rejections to liberalism like communism, fascism, and uses of secret police. It analyzes circumstances that made communism and fascism appealing in Russia and Germany. It considers elements of both systems that could be considered liberal and debates the justifications for their rejections of liberalism. Finally, it compares these historical examples to the contemporary Taliban and draws conclusions.
The document summarizes key aspects of liberalism and rejections of liberalism through history. It discusses the philosophies of classical liberal thinkers like John Locke, John Stuart Mill, and Karl Marx. It then analyzes circumstances in Germany and Russia that made communism and fascism appealing rejections of liberalism, including economic turmoil after WWI and the Russian Revolution. Elements of liberalism present in communism and fascism are noted. Justifications for the rejections of liberalism in Nazi Germany and Soviet Russia are provided due to citizens' desperation for stability. Contemporary rejections like the Taliban are also briefly discussed.
This document discusses Lenin's theory of imperialism and provides an eco-materialist critique. It summarizes Lenin's view that imperialism was the highest stage of capitalism and would lead to its collapse. However, it argues that abundant, cheap energy from fossil fuels allowed capitalism to overcome crises and outcompete socialist systems. As fossil fuel depletion increases, the limits of capitalism and imperialism may be reached as complexity can no longer be sustained without growing energy inputs. Systemic failures could induce further complex "solutions" and conflicts over declining resources.
This document summarizes major global events from 1929 to 1949, including the Great Depression, rise of populism, Japanese expansionism and Chinese Civil War, Stalin's Soviet economic model, and World War II. It discusses totalitarian regimes in Europe, fascism and Nazism, as well as war atrocities like the Holocaust and Rape of Nanking. The world emerged from WWII scarred both physically and psychologically.
The Political Report to the Sixth Congress of the African People’s Socialist ...RBG Communiversity
The document provides an overview of the African People's Socialist Party and the political context surrounding its Sixth Congress. It notes that the Party was founded in 1972 in the aftermath of the defeat of the Black Revolution of the 1960s. It argues that the Party's leadership is now needed more than ever as imperialism enters a crisis period. The Party recognizes the defeat of previous revolutionary struggles and aims to complete what was started rather than accept limitations. It asserts that the Party's role is to continue providing revolutionary leadership to the African masses and lead the Final Offensive Against Imperialism.
This document discusses several key theoretical approaches to understanding concepts of race and ethnicity, including primordialism, instrumentalism, plural society theories, and Marxist approaches. It also critiques sociobiological explanations of race and analyzes how racism has been used to divide and exploit the working class. Racism and racial divisions are seen as developing out of and being used strategically under capitalism to prevent worker solidarity and maximize profit through greater exploitation of labor. Race and class are viewed as inextricably linked in structuring social relations and experiences.
There were well over 100 civilizations that came into being, flourished, and then fizzled out in the last 5,000 years or so. The question always arises: "Why?". This presentation offers some of the answer.
Roland Barthes was a major 20th century French literary theorist, philosopher and linguist. Some of his most important works included Mythologies, Elements of Semiology, The Death of the Author, and Camera Lucida. Barthes was known for applying semiotic analysis to culture and exploring the underlying myths that shape cultural systems.
The document summarizes several chapters from the book "Ways of the World" covering various historical events and themes:
1) The American and Haitian Revolutions were driven by tensions between social classes and ideals of equality and representation.
2) The Industrial Revolution improved economies but exploited workers through poor conditions. New ideologies emerged in response to social changes.
3) European imperialism impacted economies in Africa and Asia through cash crop agriculture and religious influences. Colonies suffered under European rule.
4) Tensions between European powers led to World War I, new governments like Fascism emerged afterwards, and the Great Depression challenged capitalist ideals.
The document discusses the history and perspectives of feminism across three waves. The first wave from the 19th-early 20th centuries focused on issues like women's suffrage, education, and work. The second wave from the 1960s-1980s addressed legal and cultural inequalities. The third wave from the late 1980s-2000s built on and responded to perceived failures of the second wave. It also discusses various feminist ideologies like liberal, radical, socialist, and postcolonial feminism that have different views on issues like patriarchy, sex work, and globalization. Key incidents and developments are highlighted for each wave of feminism.
National Humanities Center Resource Toolbox
The Making of African American Identity: Vol. III, 1917-1968
Stokely Carmichael.Toward Black Liberation The Massachusetts Review Autumn 1966 Excerpt*
This document provides standards and vocabulary for a grade 8 world geography unit on revolutions in Russia. It outlines topics to be covered each day, including Cornell notes on the Russian and Stalinist revolutions. Essential questions are provided to guide student understanding of conditions in pre-revolutionary Russia, the causes of revolution, and how communism played out under Stalin. Key figures and concepts are defined.
The document discusses various topics related to terrorism including:
1. It describes several ancient groups that used terrorist tactics such as the Zealots-Sicarii who rebelled against Roman rule in Judea, the Assassins cult who committed murders to purify Islam, and the Thuggies of India cult.
2. It analyzes different waves of modern terrorism including the Anarchist wave from 1881-1914 with groups like Narodnaya Volya, the Anti-Colonial wave from 1920-1960 led by groups seeking independence like the Irgun faction, and the New Left wave from 1945-1989 with Marxist-Leninist groups like the Weather Underground.
3. It discusses the
The document discusses the causes and key events of the French Revolution. It was influenced by Enlightenment ideas of government for and by the people. Resentment against the monarchy and fiscal crisis also contributed. Major events included the storming of the Bastille prison, establishment of the National Assembly, Declaration of the Rights of Man and Citizen, the Reign of Terror led by the Jacobins, and the executions of Louis XVI and Marie Antoinette. The revolution created a new nation controlled by the French people and increased political power for the middle class.
Russian populism emerged in response to the disappointment of intellectuals with the conservative reforms that followed the abolition of serfdom in 1861. Populist intellectuals believed that the oppressed Russian peasants maintained a tradition of communal self-governance that could be harnessed to counteract the autocratic tsarist state. However, the "Going to the People" movement of 1874 that saw intellectuals try to educate and rouse peasants to revolution failed, as peasants were suspicious of the urban intellectuals and not receptive to radical ideas.
This study guide covers topics in social studies including culture, economics, civics, history, and causes of WWII. It defines key concepts like population density, urbanization, capitalism, democracy, globalization, and renewable/nonrenewable resources. Students are asked to understand factors that led to population booms, migration patterns, and involuntary migration. They should also be able to compare and contrast various forms of government and economies, and explain major historical events and time periods like the Renaissance, Protestant Reformation, Scientific Revolution, and Industrial Revolution. Causes of WWII are addressed, particularly the Treaty of Versailles, League of Nations, Hitler's actions, and Nazi use of propaganda.
Presentation about the possible causes and explanations of the European refugee crisis of 2015. The immigration pattern is compared to that of the Californian Gold Rush.
This document discusses Steven Pinker's work on the decline of violence over time. It provides an overview of Pinker's thesis that while violence has not been eliminated, humanity is currently experiencing one of the most peaceful times in history. The document outlines six major declines in violence, including the pacification process with the rise of centralized states, the civilizing process in Europe, the humanitarian revolution, the long peace after World War II among great powers, the new peace involving fewer civil wars, and various rights revolutions that reduced violence against minorities. It considers causes such as increasing wealth, literacy, commerce, and respect for human rights. Overall, the document examines Pinker's argument that increasing peace is due to both human nature's violent
1. October 23, 2015.
Class Session: War, Terrorism and Balance of Power
Capitalism, Hegemony and White Supremacy
Basic Understandings
o Faith, Logic, Empiricism
o Opinions must be based on facts (in context)
Holocaust Example
o Do not assert “truth”, unless it is based upon facts in context
Understanding the Nature of Social Problems: A Model
o The Integration and explanation of Social Problems
o Local, National and World Problems
The evolution and nature of capitalism (Wallerstein)
o Emergence of Capitalism World System in 16th
Century
o Slave Trade and New World Slavery
o The Emergence of Nation States
o Capitalism, Empire and White Supremacy
o The Emergence of Nation-States
o Colonialism and Neo-Colonialism
Capitalism and Imperialism (Chomsky)
o The Shock Doctrine (Klein)
White Supremacy, Maroon Societies and Black Liberation (Shaewki)
Definition of War and Terrorism (U.S. Government)
Lawrence Wilkerson video (Chief of Staff to Secretary Colin Powell)
The Shock Doctrine (Klein)
Re-integration: Capital and Climate, War, Disease, Inequality, Poverty, etc.
Proposed Solutions based upon this analysis
Pedagogy
Community College – 2:30-5:15 PM
Low income, drug (heroine) & alcohol
Class Size = 24, talkative
Distribution – 22 women, 2 men / 3 black /4 30-40 yrs. Old
2. PANELS
Mills’ 3 Questions
US Congress Report on Intrusions
Forms of Imperialism
Shock Doctrine List
A Graphic History of White Supremacy
DEFINITIONS
War
Terrorism
Colonialism
Neo-Colonialism
Imperialism (Lenin)
Occupation
Empire
Hegemony
THE PRESENT SITUATION
Endless War
France, Beirut, Africa
US Invasion and Occupation of Iraq
Occupation of Palestine (South Africa, American Indians)
US led coups in the Middle East
al Qaeda, ISIS
3. SOME OF MY UNDERSTANDINGS
NUMBER 1
Know how you “know.”
Three Forms of Knowing
Faith (Religion)
Logic (Philosophy)
Empiricism (Science)
NUMBER 2
Everyone is entitled to an opinion.
However, opinions must be grounded in reality.
Facts, only in socio-historical context, provide truth.
Make sure you are grounded in this relationship, before you speak.
(Harvey Holtz, 2015)
NUMBER 3
It is not the strongest of the species that survive,
nor the most intelligent,
but the ones most responsive to change.
(Charles Darwin, 1859)
NUMBER 4
Who controls the present, controls the past.
Who controls the past, controls the future.
(George Orwell, 1948)
NUMBER 5
“The ideas of the ruling class are in every epoch the ruling ideas,
i.e., the class which is the ruling material force,
is at the same time its ruling intellectual force.”
(Karl Marx, 1846)
NUMBER 6
The history of all hitherto existing society is the history of class struggle.
(Karl Marx, 1844)
4. MODES OF PRODUCTION
(SOCIAL FORMATIONS)
Hunting and Gathering
Egalitarian with Real Scarcity)
Sedentary Agriculture
The Neolithic Revolution
Ancient Society
(Slaves and Masters)
Feudalism
Nobility, Clergy, Peasants
Plantation Slavery
(Slaves, Slaaavemasters
Capitalism
(Social Classes)
Socialisms
(Classless Society)
State Socialism
(state ownership and control)
Social Democracy
{Not Socialism, Really Capitalism}
(Bernie Sanders)
Democratic Socialism
(worker ownership and control)
Communism
(To have or to be?)
From each according to his/her ailitu
6. THE THEORY OF MANY THINGS
Evolution: Inorganic & Organic
The “Big Bang” (18 billion years ago)
The Earth (4 ½ billion years ago)
Life on Earth (3 ½ billion years ago)
Dinosaurs (230million years ago)
The Fifth Extinction (65 million years ago)
Human Beings
Homo Sapiens Neanderthals (300,000 years ago)
Homo Sapiens Sapiens (200,000 years ago)
Out of Africa (90-60,000 years ago)
Neanderthal Extinction (40,000 years ago)
Civilization
Egypt (12,000 years ago)
“Creation” (6,000 years ago)
Greece 5,000 years go)
Rome (2,750 years ago)
Western Religions
Old Testament (2,300 years ago)
New Testament (2,085 to 2,155 years ago)
Koran (609-632 BC)
Relevant European Events
The Inquisition (begins in 12th
century)
The Magna Carta (1215)
Columbus Discovers Hispaniola (1492)
The Native-American Genocide (1492-2015)
Slave Trade (15th
through 19th
century)
Plantation (New World) Slavery – As Economic System (Jamestown 1619)
As Ideology: White Supremacy and Racism (15th
century – 2015)
Protestant Reformation (begins early 16th
century)
Rise of the Capitalist world System (17th
century)
Enlightenment (late 17th
to late 18th
century)
Invention of the Cotton Gin (1793)
Revolutions and Their “Solutions”
The French Revolution (1789) vs. The Magna Carta (1215)
World Anti-Systemic Revolution of 1848 (& Seneca Falls)
Industrial Revolution (mid-18th
to early 19th
century)
America: A World Economic Power (early 19th
century)
The American Civil War (1861-65)
The 13th
, 14th
& 15th
Amendments (1865-1870)
Reconstruction and the Birth of the KKK
The Russian Revolution (1905-1917)
The Chinese Revolution (1949)
The Cuban Revolution (1960)
7. The Birth of Nation States
American Led Coups
Palestine and Israel
Iran, Chile
The Age of Imperialism (Economic and Military Components)
Colonialism, and Neo-colonialism
World War I (1914-1918)
Palestine and Zionism
The Gilded Age (“the roaring twenties”)
The Great Depression (1929)
World War II {WWI, part 2 (1939-1945)
D—Day (1944) - 2 years to late for 20 million Russians)
Yalta Conference (1945)
The American Century: American Hegemony (circa 1945-1973)
Israel (1948)
World Anti-Systemic Revolution II (1965)
Vietnam and the Decline of America (1970’s)
Viet Nam “War” – US entry (1960’s)
Anti-Systemic Revolution of 1965
Anti-Systemic (Colonial) Revolutions (mid 20th
century)
The Civil Rights Movement (1960’s)
Black Liberation Movements (Black Power, The Black Panthers, Democratic Politics)
The Black Panthers
The Grey Panthers
Civil Rights Laws Passed (1964-65)
Women, GLBT, Handicapped Rights Movements (1970’s)
Action and Response of Capital and Nation-States
Globalization (1970’s)
Neoliberal Economics (1970’s)
Reagan and Thatcher (1980’s)
Neoconservative Foreign Policy (1980’s)
The Birth of al Qaeda in Afghanistan (1980’s)
Reactionary Movements (1980’s)
The IMF and the Collapse of the Soviet Union (1989)
The (First) Gulf War (1989)
Project for a New American Century (1998)
Financial Capital, American Under Attack and Their Aftermath
Nine-Eleven (2001)
Congress passed the Patriot Act (2001)
Invasion, Occupation and Destruction of Iraq (2003-????)
The Great Recession (2008 to the present)
G-20 (2009)
American “Coup” in the Ukraine (2014)
8. Mass Incarceration
Police Killings
Black Urban Occupation
Instability: Economic, Political and Social
Katrina (2004), Sandy and More
The Occupy Movement (20??)
Black Lives Matter (2014)
The “Boycott, Divest, Sanction Movement”
The Attack on Paris (2015) - The Mass Media Xenophobia
Blockadia
Social Problems in Context
Social Problems are Not Discreet Occurrences
As the earth must be understood in the context of the solar system (model)
Gravity is the major force connecting elements of the solar system
National and World Social Problems are Connected to the Historical and Social Context
Capitalism is the major force connecting stability and instability (social problems)
How Do You Create Change
The Future
The Anthropocene {or Holocene} (2016)
Climate Catastrophe
War and Terrorism
The Sixth Extinction
Socialism or Barberism
Reservations, South Africa, Israel
9. The Sociological Imagination
C. Wright Mills’ Three Questions
1. What is the structure of this particular society as a whole?
A. What are its essential components, and how are they related to one another?
B. How does it differ from other varieties of social order?
C. Within it, what is the meaning of any particular feature for its continuance and for its change?
2. Where does this society stand in human history?
A. What are the mechanics by which it is changing?
B. What is its place within and its meaning for the development of humanity as a whole?
C. How does any particular feature we are examining affect, and how is it affected by, the historical
period in which it moves?
D. And this period...what are its essential features?
E. How does it differ from other periods?
F. What are its characteristic ways of history-making?
3. What varieties of men and women now prevail in this society and in this period?
A. And what varieties are coming to prevail?
B. In what ways are they selected and formed, liberated and repressed, made sensitive and blunted?
C. What kinds of "human nature" are revealed in the conduct and character we observe in this society
in this period?
D. And what is the meaning for "human nature" of each and every feature of the society we are
examining?
Individual Problem vs. Social Problem
If 50,000 marriages take place and only 1 ends in divorce, YOU have a problem.
If 50,000 marriages take place and 25,000 end in divorce, WE have a problem.
10. Selected Materials
Books
Noam Chomsky. The Umbrella of US Power. NY: Seven Stories Press, 1999.
Naomi Klein: This Changes Everything: Capitalism vs. The Climate. NY:Simon and Shuster, 2015.
Elizabeth Kolbert. The Sixth Extinction: by Elizabeth Kolbert | Key Takeaways, Analysis &
Review: An Unnatural History. CreateSpace Independent Publishing Platform, 2015.
Ahmed Shawki. Black Liberation and Socialism. Chicago: Haymarket Books, 2006.
Emmanuel Wallerstein. World Systems Analysis: An Introduction. Durham and London: Duke
University Press 2004.
Website
Lawrence Wilkerson: The Travails of Empire @ Lone Star College Kingwood
Main Section: 6:09-30:00 – Connecting Other Issues and Questions (30:01-1:25:11.
Chief of Staff to Secretary Colin Powell (during invasion of Iraq).
Film
Avi Lewis (Director) Naomi’s Klein’s, This Changes Everything.