This document provides information about diabetes, including: - Diabetes is a metabolic disease characterized by high blood glucose levels due to defects in insulin production, insulin action, or both. - There are two main types of diabetes: Type 1 involves a lack of insulin production and Type 2 involves decreased sensitivity to insulin. - Symptoms of diabetes include increased thirst, fatigue, blurred vision, and slow healing of wounds. Complications can include cardiovascular, eye, kidney, and nerve diseases. - Diabetes is managed through patient education, exercise, diet, medication like insulin or metformin, and avoiding smoking.

2. GROUP NAME
Hope you enjoy the showHope you enjoy the show

3.  An endocrine disorder; a group of metabolic
diseases characterised by elevated levels of
glucose in the blood resulting from defects in
insulin secretion, insulin action, insulin
receptors or any combination of conditions.
OR EASILY PUT….OR EASILY PUT….
 Cells are swimming in glucose (their food) but
starving to death because of insulin issues.

4.  Type I: Destruction of beta cells->
decreased insulin production->uncontrolled
glucose production-> HYPERGLYCEMIA
 Type II: Decreased sensitivity of insulin
receptor to insulin-> less uptake of glucose->
HYPERGLYCEMIA
REMEMBER the concept
~Sugar Into The Cells~

5.  Other types include Secondary Diabetes:
› Genetic defect beta cell or insulin
› Disease of pancreas
› Drug/chemical induced
› Infections-pancreatitits
 Gestational
› overweight; risk for
Type 2
Type 1 – IDDM
 LITTLE to NO Insulin
 20-30% Hereditary
 Ketoacidosis
Type 2– NIDDM
 some insulin produced
 90% hereditary

8.  Classic 3 P’s
 Fatigue
 Body Weakness
 Weight Changes
 Visual Changes
 Slow Wound Healing/
Recurrent Skin infections
 Laboratory Tests-> FBS/fasting
blood sugar >7.0 mmol/L
 Family Hx diabetes
 Race/Ethnicity
 Age
 Hypertension
 Hyperlipidemia
 Hx of Gestational Diabetes
Mellitus
 Other signs and symptoms of
diabetes complications

9. Chronic
MACROVASCULAR
 Cardiovascular disease
 Cerebrovascular disease
MICROVASCULAR
 Retinopathy (vision)
problems
 Diabetic neuropathy
 Diabetic nephropathy
 Male erectile dysfunction
Acute
 Diabetic ketoacidosis
 Hyperglycemic-
hyperosmolar-nonketotic
syndrome
 Hypoglycemia from too
much insulin or too little
glucose

10. Diabetes can be managed or controlled by:
 Educating patient about diabetes
 Exercising regularly
 Eating a healthy well balanced diet
 Avoiding smoking (people with diabetes who smoke
are at a higher risk of developing
cardiovascular complications).
 Avoid alcohol
 Pharmacologic Therapy
Type One: Insulin Injections given
subcutaneously
Type Two: Oral Medication, such as Metformin

12. Hot + Dry = Sugar High
Cold n Clammy= Need
Some Candy

13. http://www.youtube.com/wathttp://www.youtube.com/wat
ch?ch?
v=NnIWDxuZKUo&feature=rv=NnIWDxuZKUo&feature=r
elatedelated
AndAnd ForFor AllAll YouYou
VViissuuaall Learners,Learners,
HeresHeres AA Treat:Treat: