The document provides information about various terms and their connections to countries or places. 1) It defines the term "serendipity" and connects it to the discovery of America and Sri Lanka. 2) It explains that the province of Zeeland in the Netherlands gave its name to New Zealand. 3) It describes the Battle of Trafalgar painting and Nelson's signal flag, connecting it to England. 4) It notes that the Southern Lights were named Aurora Australis from the Latin word for "south", similarly to the name Australia.

2. Sponsors

3. THEME ROUND

4. Points 1-2 +25/-12 3-4 +20/-10 5-6 +15/-7 7-8 +10/-5 9-10 +5

5. Questions

6. 1. One word connect

8. 1. Serendipity Serendipity is the effect by which one accidentally discovers something fortunate, especially while looking for something else entirely. Discovery of The Americas by Christopher Columbus when looking for a new way to India. 1492 Invention of Vulcanization of rubber by Charles Goodyear. He accidentally left a piece of rubber with sulphur on a hot plate. Discovery of X rays by Wilhelm Roentgen while investigating cathode ray tubes. 1895 Discovery of penicillin by Alexander Fleming from bacteria cultures contaminated by Pencillium notatum molds. 1928 Corn flakes were accidentally discovered by the Kelloggs brothers when they left cooked wheat untended for a day and tried to roll the mass. 1898 Discovery of the planet Uranus by William Herschel when looking for comets. 1781

9. 2.________ is a province of the Netherlands. The province, located in the south-west of the country, consists of a number of islands and a strip bordering Belgium. The two major seafaring provinces of the Netherlands in its Golden Age were Holland and ________.

10. 2. Zeeland Zeeland province consists of a number of islands, hence its name, meaning "sea-land”. The wavy blue lines on its flag represent the waves, and the constant struggle against the sea.

11. 3. J.M.W. Turner’s 1824 oil on canvas painting at National Maritime Museum, Greenwich, London. It was controversial at the time, since it was not considered to be historically accurate. Identify painting / event. What do the flags on the ship in the middle signify?

12. Bicentenary celebrations at Portsmouth reconstructing the event.

13. 3. Battle of Trafalgar (1805). Nelson's famous signal "England expects that every man will do his duty".

14. 4. Named after the Roman Goddess of dawn and Latin word for "of the _______". Give either the technical term or the common name.

15. 4. Southern Polar Lights (Aurora Australis ) Auroras are natural light displays in the sky, usually observed at night, particularly in the polar regions. They typically occur in the ionosphere. Aurora Australis or the southern polar lights is visible only from high southern latitudes in Antarctica, South America, or Australasia and is named from the Latin word for "of the South."

16. 5. Orographic precipitation occurs on the X side of mountains and is caused by the rising air motion of a large-scale flow of moist air across the mountain ridge, resulting in adiabatic cooling and condensation. In mountainous parts of the world subjected to relatively consistent winds, a more moist climate usually prevails on the X side of a mountain than on the Y or downwind side. Moisture is removed by orographic lift, leaving drier air on the descending and generally warming, Y side where a rain shadow is observed. Identify X and Y. The terms are used in meteorology, nautical sciences and geography.

17. 5. Windward & Leeward

18. 6. Graça Machel was the First Lady of Mozambique from November 11, 1975 to October 19, 1986 till the death of her husband Samora Machel, the 1st President of Mozambique in Tupolev Tu-134 air crash in the Lebombo Mountains, near Mbuzini, South-Africa. What position did she hold from July 18, 1998 to June 14, 1999?

19. 6. First Lady of South Africa

20. 7. The Cambridge student published the pamphlet "Now or Never" on 28 January 1933. He expanded upon this in his 1947 book by adding Indus Valley, Turkharistan (roughly the modern central-Asian states) and Afghanistan. Identify him.

21. 7. Chaudhary Rahmat Ali is credited with creating the name "Pakistan".

22. 8.It means "great house of stone" in the Shona language. It is a UNESCO World Heritage Site and consists of stone ruins spread out over a 722 ha area. The word "Great" distinguishes the site from the many hundred small ruins, known as ________, spread across the country. The famous soapstone bird carvings became a national symbol and is depicted in the country's flag.

23. 8. Great Zimbabwe National Monument Zimbabwe is named after "Dzimba dza mabwe". It is the site of the capital of the Empire of Great Zimbabwe and is used as the country's name as a tribute to Great Zimbabwe.

24. 9. According to Hindu myth, she was the daughter of Sage Vishvamitra and apsara Menaka. The King of Hastinapura married her. Their son was named Sarvadamana (subduer of all) by Sage Kanwa. He grew to be a strong youth and made a sport of opening the mouths of tigers and lions and counting their teeth. When the king accepted her as his wife, their child was renamed _______.

25. 9. Bharata According to the Mahabharata (Adi Parva), Bharata was the son of King Dushyanta and Shakuntala. Bharata's empire covered all of the Indian subcontinent, Bactria, Uzbekistan, Afghanistan, Tajikistan, Kyrgyzstan, Turkmenistan and Persia.

26. 10. Founded in 1920, ________ has a multi-collaborative tie-in with Leicester City FC, UK for an exchange program with junior footballers, in respect to coaching techniques, sports science, and other developmental programs. ________ was regarded as "The Best Club of X" by F.A (The Football Association) of England in 1951. Nick named " The Red-and-Gold Brigade Torch”.

27. 10. East Bengal Football Club

28. Theme

29. Test playing nations of ICC Sri Lanka New Zealand England Australia West Indies South Africa Pakistan Zimbabwe India Bangladesh

30. 1. Serendipity The word derives from Serendip, the old Persian name for Sri Lanka , and was coined by Horace Walpole in 1754 from an old Persian fairy tale "The Three Princes of Serendip". It describes three men who were on a mission but they always found something that was irrelevant but needed in reality.

31. 2. Zeeland The name New Zealand originated with Dutch cartographers, who called the islands Nova Zeelandia, after the Dutch province of Zeeland. No one is certain exactly who first coined the term, but it first appeared in 1645 and may have been the choice of cartographer Johan Blaeu. British explorer James Cook subsequently anglicised the name to New Zealand.

32. 3. Battle of Trafalgar 1805. Nelson's famous signal "England expects that every man will do his duty". It was relayed using numeric flag code known as the Popham's "Telegraphic Signals of Marine Vocabulary". It is often misquoted as “ England expects every man to do his duty”. The 200th anniversary of the battle was marked by six days of celebrations in Portsmouth during June and July 2005 and signal was hoisted on the Victory at the dry dock in Portsmouth.

33. 4. Aurora Australis (Southern Polar Lights) The name Australia is derived from the Latin Australis, meaning "Southern". The name Australia was popularised by the 1814 work "A Voyage to Terra Australis" by the navigator Matthew Flinders, the first person known to have circumnavigated Australia.

34. 5. Windward & Leeward Windward Islands, Leeward Islands & Leeward Antilles constitute Lesser Antilles group of islands in the Caribbean. They constitute the West Indies cricket team. Barbados, Dominica, Grenada, Saint Lucia, Saint Vincent and the Grenadines, Trinidad and Tobago – Windward Islands Antigua and Barbuda, Saint Kitts and Nevis, Anguilla, Montserrat, British & US Virgin Islands - Leeward Islands Netherlands Antilles - Leeward Islands & Leeward Antilles Exceptions - Guyana (South America) & Jamaica (Greater Antilles)

35. 6. First Lady of South Africa Nelson Mandela was remarried, on his 80th birthday in 1998, to Graça Machel née Simbine, widow of Samora Machel, the former Mozambican president. She thus became unique in having been the first lady of two different nations (Mozambique and South Africa ), although not simultaneously.

36. 7. Chaudhary Rahmat Ali is credited with creating the name "Pakistan".

37. 8. Great Zimbabwe National Monument Zimbabwe is named after "Dzimba dza mabwe". It is the site of the capital of the Empire of Great Zimbabwe and is used as the country's name as a tribute to Great Zimbabwe.

38. 9. Bharata The term Bharat as a name for India as a whole is derived from the name of Bharata, a legendary ruler mentioned in the Mahabharata. He was the first to conquer all of Greater India, uniting it into a single entity which was named after him as Bharatavarsha . According to the Vishnu Purana “The region spanning in between the Himalayas in the north to the Indian ocean in the south is called Bharatavarsham and the natives of this region are called Bharatiyas”.

39. 10. East Bengal 1946 - 1947 East Bengal (British India) 1947 - 1955 East Bengal (Pakistan) 1955 - 1971 East Pakistan (Pakistan) 1971 - Bangladesh