My assignment for Change Management Course. MSM SBM ITB.

1. Dhany Dewantara
MSM 2012
SBM-ITB
BOOK RESUME

2. MAKING SENSE OF ORGANIZATIONAL CHANGE

3. OBJECTIVES
 Programmatic change
 Organizational change
 Development of the field of change
management
 The importance of change
management
 Theory and practice of change
management
 Apply The Sensemaking Framework

4. INTERNAL EXTERNAL
 Leadership change  Technology change
 Industrial disputes
 Merger  Competition
 Growth & expansion  Changing political climate &
legislation
 Downsizing  Changing consumer tastes
 New products  Legal intervention
 Other factors
Structure,
Pre-packaged programmes (CC, tech,
Change that affect or culture,
TQM, BPR, BSC, Six Sigma) leadership,
altering the core
change core org. processes by goal,
aspect of personnel
applying series of rules &
organization‟s
guidelines.
operation.
PROGRAMMATIC ORGANIZATIONAL
CHANGE CHANGE

5.  World War II – Kurt Motivation, productivity and
Lewin: Leadership
style, sensitivity resistance to change – change
training, action research of attitudes and behaviors
and Force Field Analysis
(FFA)
 1980s – Organizational Forunner Programmatic
Development (long term change
change of organizational
structure, beliefs and
values)
Programmatic & Change Management
Non Organizational billions of dollars business
Programmatic change for consultancy and how-to
change books
DEVELOPMENT OF CHANGE MANAGEMENT

6.  Change & Make sense to
dynamic organizational
world change
(factors)
i.e. Coca Cola
 Influenced by: change the flavor
popular Sensemakin Right or
Wrong
practice, resea g is the Decision?
rch, ….
key
i.e. Nova Scotia Power
Motivation:
• survival, growth, profitability (senior manager)
•Billion dollars for program
development, implementation, and training fees
(consultant)
•Improved service (customers)
•Job improvements (employee)
WHY IMPORTANT?

7. PRACTICES THEORY
 Companies make  Press
programmatic release
change strategies  Website
messages
 how-to
 GE Jack Welch, books
Six Sigma saved  Growth of
five billion consulting
dollars
business
 50% of Fortune
1000 adopted  Company
BSC, top success on
corporations articles, cou 1981 – Peters & Waterman – in Search of Excellence
listed as six rse, busines 1990 – Peter Senge – The Learning Org.
sigma s texts 1993 – Hammer & Champy – Business Re-Engineering
companies 1996 – Kaplan and Norton – Balanced Scorecard
Etc.
THEORY & PRACTICES
 How this happen? Globalization (dynamic, change) forced org. to re-evaluate their
strategic direction

8. KARL WEICK, DECISION MAKING RELIES ON:
1. Identity construction – experience, values and
beliefs that forms identity
2. Social sensemaking – social group that will
be affected
3. Cues – selection, influenced by number of
factors (sense of situation)
4. Ongoing sensemaking – what we „know‟
5. Retrospection – what was I thinking?
6. Plausibility – reasoning
7. Enactment – sense of need to change to
other
8. Projection – shaping understanding
SENSEMAKING FRAMEWORK

9. THE DISCOURSE OF CHANGE: FROM THEORY TO
PRACTICE

10. OBJECTIVES
 Scientific Management Approach
 Human Relations Approach
 Socio-Technical Systems Theory
 Contingency Theory
 What is discourse of change
 Types and levels of change
 Job design strategies

11. SOCIO-TECHNICAL SYSTEMS
SCIENTIFIC MANAGEMENT APPROACH THEORY
 Taylor – scientific  Trist and Bamforth –
management tech and social
 The Gilbreths (Frank &  (organizations
Lilian)– time and motion operates as open
system)
HUMAN RELATIONS APPROACH CONTINGENCY THEORY
 Elton Mayo – Hawthorne  The flowing
Studies stream – „it
depends‟

12. CATEGORY
 “Change will not come if we  Planned
wait for some other person  Unplanned
or some other time. We are  Emergent – external
the ones we've been
 Incremental – specific dept.
waiting for. We are the
change that we  Quantum – entire org.
seek.”, Barack Obama
 Success rate planned change is low, change managers
remain optimistic, forget failure of others
DISCOURSE OF CHANGE

13. Trans
organizational
Organizational
 Organizational:
 Policies, rules, strategy
Group
 Group
 Work processes
 Individual
Individual  Value-consistent behavior
LEVEL OF CHANGE & JOB DESIGN STRATEGIES

14.  The Business schools
 The Gurus
 The Popular Press
 Consultants
 Even President of USA

15. KEEP THE CHANGE
Thank You