Development of Microbial Technology for reduction of carbon dioxide from stacks
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Dilip Ketiwalla conducted a study on reducing carbon dioxide emissions from power plants using bacteria. The study aimed to identify bacteria that can survive in oxygen deficient, carbon dioxide rich environments like power plant flue gases. The selected bacteria would be grown in culture and tested for their ability to absorb carbon dioxide in an apparatus designed to expose the culture to flue gases. Initial results found some bacteria that thrive in anaerobic conditions and are tolerant of heat. Further studies are needed to evaluate the bacteria's absorption capacity and resilience over time before this method can be implemented. In conclusion, using bacteria to biochemically fix carbon dioxide shows promise but requires more research and expertise given the risks involved.
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Development of Microbial Technology for reduction of carbon dioxide from stacks
- 1. Under the Guidance of Ms. Nishanthini S. Dilip Ketiwalla M.Tech HSE (III) SAP id- 500021447 R080212017
- 2. Roadmap Background Objectives & Scope Methodology Results & Discussion Conclusion
- 3. Background Greenhouse gases allow heat from the sun to penetrate the earth's atmosphere but do not allow it to escape back into outer space. If current trends continue, the World will emit 56.8 billion tons of CO2 by 2030, a 16% increase over 2006 After a survey in April, 2009 statistics stated that the CO2 emissions will be tripled in India by 2031.
- 4. 1200 CO2 Emissions (MMT) Carbon Dioxide Emissions from the consumption of the following Fossils 1000 (2000-2011) in MMTPA 800 600 Petroleum Coal Natural Gas 400 200 0
- 5. India’s Current Temperature Profile 30.40 30.20 30.00 29.80 29.60 29.40 29.20 Temperature ( Degree C) 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011
- 6. Temperature Difference over the years w.r.t CO2 Emission 450 400 350 300 250 200 150 100 50 0 Annual Temperature 30.29 30.06 29.84 29.72 29.64 29.23 28.96 29.05 30.12 29.82 29.81 29.92 Annual Temperature 1959 1987 1992 1997 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013
- 7. Identified the best suitable bacteria for culture development Aero-tolerant Thermophilic Culture Factors on which selection of bacteria is based: - Survival in O2 deficient & CO2 rich atmosphere - Resistance to Moderate High Temperatures - Mutualistic behavior with other species of bacteria Pure Culture to be obtained Survival in Anaerobic conditions Data Log Readings from the industry on Stack Emissions Evaluate the absorption capacity of Bacteria YES
- 8. Apparatus Material Properties: -Heat Resistant -Durable and doesn’t react with the flue gases -Cost Effective - PUF (Poly Urethane Foam) Further Studies: -Resilience Limit -Amount of Bacteria required -The no. of days the culture will survive or be useful - Disposal method Design
- 9. Results and the Procedure Cultures: Quite a few human pathogens are strict anaerobes, exemplified by the bacillus-shaped genera---Gram –ve are Bacteroides, Bacillus (anthracis), and Gram +ve Clostridium (tetani, botulinum). Thioglycollate broth: has a reducing agent in it---the chemical thioglycollate---which binds any free oxygen within the medium. GasPak jar: whether it has oxygen inside or not, an indicator strip, containing methylene, is included in the jar. Methylene blue is blue when oxidized, colorless when reduced. The carbon within the pouch reacts with free oxygen in the jar, producing 10-15% CO2.
- 10. Conclusion Requires EXTREME CAUTION!! And Expertise At present, This method hasn’t been tried while there are two common methods for algae based carbon sequestration: open ponds and closed photo bioreactors. Open ponds are simple expanses of water recessed into the ground with some mechanism to deliver CO2 and nutrients with paddle wheels to circulate the algae broth. The method behind bio-fixation is Capturing the CO2 and NOx from power plant smoke stacks and feeding the CO2 to the system carrying the culture where up to 50% of harmful emissions from the smoke stack will be devoured. This can be one of the BACT
- 11. Carbon Dioxide Emission in 2013 reached a record of 400 ppm
- 12. References (n.d.). Retrieved September 23, 2013, from United States Environment Protection Agency,US EPA: www.epa.gov/climatechange/ghge emissions Soil Microbes may reduce carbon dioxide emissions in warmer world. (26, April 2010). Retrieved September 21, 2013, from Science20: www.science20.com/news_articles Bor Yann Chen, S.-Q.-L. (2008). Reduction of Carbon Dioxide eissions by using microbial fuell cells during waste water treatment. Aerosol and Air Quality Research. David, J. (2000). Economic Evaluation of Leading Technology options for sequestration of Carbon Dioxide. MIT. Facts/India/Carbon Dioxide Emisisons. (n.d.). Retrieved September 21, 2013, from Index Mundi: www.indexmundi.com