This document discusses and compares commercial banks and development banks. It provides details about the key differences between them. Commercial banks focus on lending and borrowing activities to earn profits. Their main aim is to earn interest. Development banks, on the other hand, provide loans at lower rates of interest for promoting specific sectors of the economy like agriculture, small industries, etc. Their main aim is socio-economic development rather than profits. Some major development banks mentioned are regional rural banks, small industries development banks, nationalized banks and their role in promoting priority sectors.

1. DEVELOPMENT BANKS
Commercial Banks and
Development Banks
tzpf tq;fpf;Fk; tsh;r;rp tq;fpf;Fk; cs;sNtWghL
(Tamil)-(Bamini Font)
Dr.M.Madhavan

2. tq;fpapd; ,yf;fzk;:
 1949–k; Mz;L tq;fp eilKiw rl;lj;jpd; gb tq;fp vd;gJ nghJkf;fsplkpUe;J itg;Gfis
fld; nfhLg;gjw;fhfTk; my;yJ KjyPL nra;tjw;fhfTk; Vw;Wf;nfhs;Sk; fhNrhiy
tiuNthiy Miz my;yJ NtW topapd; %yNkh vLf;ff; $bajhfTk; Nfl;lTlNdNa NtW
tifapNyh jpUg;gpj;ju $bajhf ,Uj;jy; MFk;.
 tq;fp vd;gJ flidAk; gzj;ijAk; ifahSk;epWtdk; MFk;.

3. tq;fpapd; tiffs;:
 tq;fp nray;gLfpd;w tpjj;ij nghWj;J7tifahFk;.
 tzpftq;fpfs;
 tl;lhu fpuhkg;Gw tq;fpfs;
 $l;LwT tq;fpfs;
 tsh;r;rptq;fpfs;
 njhopy; tsh;r;rp
 epy mlkhd tq;fpfs;
 ehlLg;Gw tq;fpfs;

4. tzpftq;fpfs;:
 rhjhuz Ngr;R tof;fpy; tq;fpfs; nra;af;$ba midj;J gzpfs; ghpth;j;jidia nra;af;$ba
tq;fpfs; tzpf tq;fpfs; vd;fpNwhk;. Mdhy; nghUshjhuj;jpy; tzpfh;fs; tzpf
epGdu;fs; Mfpatw;wpw;F Njitg;gLfpd;w eilKiw %yjdk; eLj;ju kw;Wk;
FWfpa fhy flid nfhLf;fpd;w tq;fpia tzpf tq;fpvd;fpw ,J xU $l;L gq;F epWtdk;
MFk;. ,jDila Nehf;fk; ,yhgk; rk;ghjpg;gJ MFk;.

5. tzpf tq;fpf;Fk; tsh;r;rp tq;fpf;Fk; cs;s NtWghL
tzpf tq;fp tsh;r;rptq;fp
FWfpa fhy flid nfhLf;Fk; tq;fp 1 ePz;l fhy flid nfhLf;Fk; tq;fp
,t;tq;fp nghJ kf;fsplkpUe;J Nrkpg;G fzf;F itg;G
eilKiw fzf;F itg;G njhlh; itg;G epiyahd itg;G
Mfpatw;wpd;%yk; itg;G ngWk;.
2. ,t;tq;fp tzpf tq;fpfs; kj;jpa khepy muRfsplkpUe;Jk;
itg;Gfis ngWk;.
,t;tq;fpthbf;ifahsh;fSf;F Neubahf fld; nfhLf;Fk;. 3. tzpf tq;fpfs; %yk;fld; kWepjp fld; jpl;lj;jpd; %yk;fld;
nfhLf;Fk;

6. tzpf tq;fp tsh;r;rptq;fp
4 tzpf tq;fpapy; nghJj;Jiwtq;fpfspd; murpd;gq;F
%yjdk;jdpahh; tzpf tq;fpfspd; nghJkf;fspd;gq;F
%yjdk;,Uf;Fk;.
4 %yjdkhfmq;fhbapd; gq;F kpf Kf;fpakhf ,Uf;Fk;.kj;jpa
khepymuRfspd; gq;F %yjdk;,Uf;Fk;.
5 tzpf tq;fpfspd; nghJkf;fspd; Nrkpg;Gk;gof;fj;ij
Cf;Ftpj;J mjd; %yk;tzpf eltbf;ifapy; <LgLk;.
5 tsh;r;rp tq;fp ehl;bd; nghUshjhuKd;Ndw;wj;jpy;
<LgLk;.

7. fpuhkeghu;Lk;fpuhkmbg;gilepjpAk;(or)
fpuhktsu;r;rpapy;eghu;bd;gq;F
 ,e;jpa fpuhk nghUshjhu tsu;r;rpf;F eghu;L tq;fp kpf Kf;fpakhd gq;fpid tfpf;fpwJ. gapw;rp
kw;Wk; cw;gj;jp epiyaq;fspd; Kyk; (Iraining come Production Center) fpuhk
kf;fSf;F gapw;rpAk; jpwd; Nkk;ghl;ilAk;; mspf;fpwJ.
 fpuhk njhopy;KidNthu; Nkk;ghL iftpidau;fSf;F gapw;rp Mfpatw;wpw;Fk; mspf;fpwJ. rpy
Fwpg;gpl;l njhopy;fSf;F gioa cw;gj;jp Kiwf;F gjpyhf Gjpa njhopy; El;gj;ij nfhLj;J fpuhk
njhoy; ikakhf;Ftjw;;f;F gapw;rpAk; mspf;fpwJ.

8. fpuhktsu;r;rpf;fhfeghu;Ltq;fpfPo;fz;ljpl;lq;fis eilKiwg;gLj;Jfpd;wJ
 ngz;fSf;fhdgapw;rpNahL $bacw;gj;jp epiyaq;fs;
 fpuhk gFjpfspy; thOk; ngz;fSf;F Ra njhopy; gw;wpa gapw;rpapid nfhLf;fpd;w nghOJ gapw;rpNahL kl;Lky;yhky; mg;nghUis
vg;gb cw;gj;jp nra;tJ vd;gjw;fhf gapw;rpNahL $ba cw;gj;jp epiyaq;fis jd;dhu;t njhz;L epWtdq;fs; %yKk; gy;fiy fofq;fs;
Mfpatw;wpd; cjtpNahL eghu;L tq;fp nra;fpwJ.
 (v-fh) jpz;Lf;fy;ypy; cs;s fhe;jp fpuhk gy;fiyfofj;jpy; fpuhk Kd;Ndw;w Jiwapd; rhu;ghf (Development of Rural
Development) fpuhkGw ngz;fSf;F ifj;jwp nea;jy; Nrhg;G nra;jy; rhk;G nra;jy; Nff; nuhl;b tiffs; jahhpj;jy; CUfha; kw;Wk;
Fspu;ghzq;fs; jahhpj;jy; kw;Wk; ghf;F kl;ilfs; %yk; jl;Lfs; nra;jy; Mfpatw;iw gapw;rpNahL $ba cw;gj;jp epiyaq;fs; %yk; gqpw;rp
mspf;fg;gLfpwJ
 ,g;gapw;rpapidngWfpd;w fpuhkg;Gw ngz;fs; kpFe;j Cf;fj;JlDk; ek;gpf;ifAlDk; Ra njhopy; nra;acjtpGhpfpwJ

9. ,e;jpa njhopy;epjp fofj;jpw;Fk;(IFCI)
khepyepjpf;fofj;jpw;;Fk;,ilNacs;s NtWghLfs; (SFI)
,e;jpa njhopy; epjp fofk; khepyepjpf;fofk;
[Piy 11948y;Muk;gpf;fg;gl;lJ. 1 1951y;Muk;gpf;fg;gl;lJ
,e;jpa njhopy; epjp fofk; ngUk; njhopy;fSf;F
Njitg;gLfpd;w ePz;lfhy flidtoq;Fk; epWtdk; MFk;.
2 me;je;j khepymuRfshy;cUthf;fg;gl;lJ.
,e;jpa njhopy; epjpf;fofk; tptrhak; rhu;e;j njhopy;fs;
mbg;gil njhopy;fs;; Nritj;njhopy;fs; mbg;gil fl;likg;G
njhopy;fs;.
3 rpW FW eLj;ju njhopy;fSf;F Njitg;gLfpd;w ePz;lfhy flid
nfhLf;fpd;w epWtdk; MFk;.

10. ,e;jpa njhopy; epjp fofk; khepyepjpf;fofk;
,e;jpa njhopy; epjp fofj;jpy; 20Nfhb MFk;. 4
rpW njhopy;fs; FWe;njhopy;fs; eLj;ju njhopy;fs; Fbirj;njhopy;fspd; tsh;r;rpf;F fld; cjtp
nra;fpwJ.
,e;jpa njhoy; epjpf;fofk; jdf;F Njitg;gLfpd;w %yjdj;ij gq;Ffs; %yk; fld; gj;jpuk;
%ykhfTk; ,e;jpa njhopy; tsh;r;rp tq;fp ,e;jpa hpru;t; tq;fp Mfpatw;wplkpUe;J
fldhf ngw;Wk; epjp cjtpmspf;Fk;.
5 khepyepjpf;fofj;jpy;50 yl;rk; Kjy; 500Nfhbtiu khepyj;jpw;Fkhepyk; NtWgLk;.
,e;jpa njhopy; epjp fofk; jdf;F Njitg;gLfpd;w %yjdj;ij gq;Ffs; %yk; fld; gj;jpuk;
%ykhfTk; ,e;jpa njhopy; tsh;r;rp tq;fp ,e;jpa hprh;;t; tq;fp Mfpatw;wplkpUe;J
fldhf ngw;Wk; epjp cjtpmspf;Fk;.
6
gq;Ffs; %ykhfTk; khepy muR tzpf tq;fpfs; Mfpatw;wplkpUe;J fld; ngw;Wk; epjpcjtp
mspf;Fk;.

11. rpW njhopy; tsu;r;rp fofk;
 ,e;jpahtpy; cs;s gy khepyq;fs; rpW njhopy;fspd; tsu;r;rpf;fhf jdpahf xU
epWtdj;ij cUthf;f Ntz;Lk; vd tpUk;gp rpW njhopy; tsu;r;rp fofk; (Small
Industries Development Corporation) vd;w ngahpy; xU fofj;ij
cUthf;Ftjw;fhd ,e;epWtdk; rpW njhopy; tsu;r;rpf;fhf midj;J tifahd eltbf;ifapy;
<Lgl;lJ.

12. Nehf;fq;fs;:-
 rpW njhopy; cs;smidj;J njhopy; JiwfisAk; xNuh rPuhd Ntfj;jpy; Nkk;gLj;JtJ.
 rpW njhopy; tsu;r;rpf;F Njitg;gLfpd;w mbg;gil trjpfshd rhiy rhf;fil trjp kpd;rhu trjp jz;zPu;
trjp Mfpa mbg;gil trjpfis Vw;gLj;jp nfhLg;gJ.
 midj;J rpW njhopy;fisAk; xNu ,lj;jpy; cUthf;fp Njitg;gLfpd;w cltrjp fl;bl trjp Mfpatw;iw
Vw;gLj;jp njhopy;Ngl;ilfis cUthf;Fjy;

13.  Gjpa njhopy; KidNthUf;F njhopy; njhlq;Ftjw;F Njitahd midj;J MNyhridfis
toq;fp gapw;wpfspd; %yk; njhopy;El;g cjtp mspj;jy;.
 rpW njhopy; cw;gj;jpapy; <LgLfpd;w njhopy;fSf;F njhopy; El;g gapw;rp
mspj;J mtu;fis juk;tha;e;j Copau;fshf cUthf;fpaJ.

14. Thank You
manimadhavan@gmail.com
manimadhavan@gmail.com
9865210146