Safe Motherhood Program in Nepal: Challenges and Way ForwardKusumsheela Bhatta
The safe motherhood programme is one of the priority programme of Nepal. The goal of the National Safe Motherhood Program is to reduce maternal and neonatal morbidity and mortality and to improve the maternal and neonatal health through preventive and promotive activities as well as by addressing avoidable factors that cause death during pregnancy, childbirth and postpartum period. This presentation incorporates historical context, introduction, major achievements, actors, what Went Well, what didn’t go well, limitations, challenges, way forward of Safe Motherhood Program in Nepal.
Essential Package of Health Services Country Snapshot: NepalHFG Project
This country snapshot is one in a series of 24 snapshots as part of an activity looking at the Governance Dimensions of Essential Packages of Health Services in the Ending Preventable Child and Maternal Death priority countries. The snapshot explores several important dimensions of the EPHS in the country, such as how government policies contribute to the service coverage, population coverage, and financial coverage of the package. Each country snapshot includes annexes that contain further information about the EPHS.
Safe Motherhood Program in Nepal: Challenges and Way ForwardKusumsheela Bhatta
The safe motherhood programme is one of the priority programme of Nepal. The goal of the National Safe Motherhood Program is to reduce maternal and neonatal morbidity and mortality and to improve the maternal and neonatal health through preventive and promotive activities as well as by addressing avoidable factors that cause death during pregnancy, childbirth and postpartum period. This presentation incorporates historical context, introduction, major achievements, actors, what Went Well, what didn’t go well, limitations, challenges, way forward of Safe Motherhood Program in Nepal.
Essential Package of Health Services Country Snapshot: NepalHFG Project
This country snapshot is one in a series of 24 snapshots as part of an activity looking at the Governance Dimensions of Essential Packages of Health Services in the Ending Preventable Child and Maternal Death priority countries. The snapshot explores several important dimensions of the EPHS in the country, such as how government policies contribute to the service coverage, population coverage, and financial coverage of the package. Each country snapshot includes annexes that contain further information about the EPHS.
National health education, information and communication centerShisam Neupane
Established under MOHP in 1993, NHEICC is responsible for planning,Implementing, monitoring and evaluating awareness raising, information, education and communication program related to health programmes and services.
Mode of Human Resource for Health Production in Nepal
Various Academic and Non Academic Institutes and Councils producing all sorts of Human Resource for Health in Nepal.
Supervision is a process of guiding, helping, training, and encouraging staff to improve their performance in order to provide high-quality healthcare services.
A guideline has been published by Managemnt Division in 2066 BS to systematize the supervision process at different levels which specialy focuses on supportive and integrated supervision.
n conclusion, effective health worker supervision is informed by health system data, uses continuous quality improvement (QI), and employs digital technologies integrated into other health system activities and existing data systems to enable a whole system approach. Effective supervision enhancements and innovations should be better integrated, scaled, and sustained within existing systems to improve access to quality health care.
National health education, information and communication centerShisam Neupane
Established under MOHP in 1993, NHEICC is responsible for planning,Implementing, monitoring and evaluating awareness raising, information, education and communication program related to health programmes and services.
Mode of Human Resource for Health Production in Nepal
Various Academic and Non Academic Institutes and Councils producing all sorts of Human Resource for Health in Nepal.
Supervision is a process of guiding, helping, training, and encouraging staff to improve their performance in order to provide high-quality healthcare services.
A guideline has been published by Managemnt Division in 2066 BS to systematize the supervision process at different levels which specialy focuses on supportive and integrated supervision.
n conclusion, effective health worker supervision is informed by health system data, uses continuous quality improvement (QI), and employs digital technologies integrated into other health system activities and existing data systems to enable a whole system approach. Effective supervision enhancements and innovations should be better integrated, scaled, and sustained within existing systems to improve access to quality health care.
The field of health promotion and education is at a turning point as it steps up to address the interconnected challenges of health, equity and sustainable development. Professionals and policy makers recognize the need for an integrative thinking and practice approach to foster comprehensive and coherent action in each of these complex areas.
Ambassador-at-Large Deborah L. Birx, MD is the Coordinator of the US Government Activities to Combat HIV/AIDS. She discusses the importance of the faith community in addressing HIV/AIDS.
This presentation was on the prevalence of HIV/STDs in youth in a school system. I present research on the topic, relevant data, and suggested solutions.
An estimated104,000 children aged 0-14 years are infected with HIV in Kenya.
The HIV prevalence rate of youth aged 15-24 years is 2.1%.
Among adolescents aged 12-14 years, 7% have had sex.
Among young people aged 15-24 years, 66% females and 59% males have had sex.
(KAIS 2012)
Stigma and discrimination associated with HIV & AIDS remains a key barrier to preventing new infections and accessing adequate care, support and treatment among youth.
Misperceptions about HIV transmission modes among the youth still exist despite HIV prevention efforts to provide accurate information on HIV and AIDS to the youth.
Global nursing: the Dance between Health and DevelopmentMary Ellen Ciptak
Global Nursing and Healthcare Considerations
Chronic Noncommunicable disease
Global Health Bodies
Humanitarian, grassroots global organizations
International organizations
HIV and AIDS still remains the greatest public health challenge globally (Strauss and Thomas, 2008).
It is undoubtedly a major cause of premature deaths in many parts of the world with the poorest regions being the most affected.
The lack of an imminent cure or vaccine means that more deaths and large disease burden are inevitable (WHO, 2001).
By the end of 2010, approximately 34 million people globally were living with HIV infection.
In the same year, nearly 2.7 million new infections including slightly over 300,000 among children and 1.8 million AIDS related deaths occurred (UNAIDS, 2010).
A PROPOSAL ON WORKPLACE HEALTH PROMOTION, EDUCATION AND COMMUNICATION PROGRAM...Mohammad Aslam Shaiekh
A PROPOSAL ON
WORKPLACE HEALTH PROMOTION, EDUCATION AND COMMUNICATION PROGRAM AMONG THE MUNICIPAL SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT WORKERS OF POKHARA METROPOLITAN CITY
Proposal Development on Organizing Health Promotion Education Communication T...Mohammad Aslam Shaiekh
Proposal Development on Organizing Health Promotion Education Communication Training Program on Maternal Infant and Young Child Nutrition Practices in Pumdi, Pokhara Municipality 22.
A PROPOSAL ON HEALTH PROMOTION, EDUCATION AND COMMUNICATION PROGRAM ON SCHOOL...Mohammad Aslam Shaiekh
A PROPOSAL ON
HEALTH PROMOTION, EDUCATION AND COMMUNICATION PROGRAM ON SCHOOL HEALTH NUTRITION AMONG THE PRIMARY LEVEL STUDENTS OF POKHARA METROPOLITAN-30, KASKI
Practicum presentation on Safe Motherhood Program (SMP) and Maternal and Peri...Mohammad Aslam Shaiekh
Practicum presentation on Safe Motherhood Program (SMP) and Maternal and Perinatal Death Surveillance and Response (MPDSR) Program in MNH Section of Family Welfare Division..
Practicum presentation on Safe Motherhood Program (SMP) and Maternal and Peri...Mohammad Aslam Shaiekh
Practicum presentation on Safe Motherhood Program (SMP) and Maternal and Perinatal Death Surveillance and Response (MPDSR) Program in MNH Section of Family Welfare Division
Practicum presentation on Safe Motherhood Program (SMP) and Maternal and Peri...Mohammad Aslam Shaiekh
Practicum presentation on Safe Motherhood Program (SMP) and Maternal and Perinatal Death Surveillance and Response (MPDSR) Program in MNH Section of Family Welfare Division
Report Back from SGO 2024: What’s the Latest in Cervical Cancer?bkling
Are you curious about what’s new in cervical cancer research or unsure what the findings mean? Join Dr. Emily Ko, a gynecologic oncologist at Penn Medicine, to learn about the latest updates from the Society of Gynecologic Oncology (SGO) 2024 Annual Meeting on Women’s Cancer. Dr. Ko will discuss what the research presented at the conference means for you and answer your questions about the new developments.
The prostate is an exocrine gland of the male mammalian reproductive system
It is a walnut-sized gland that forms part of the male reproductive system and is located in front of the rectum and just below the urinary bladder
Function is to store and secrete a clear, slightly alkaline fluid that constitutes 10-30% of the volume of the seminal fluid that along with the spermatozoa, constitutes semen
A healthy human prostate measures (4cm-vertical, by 3cm-horizontal, 2cm ant-post ).
It surrounds the urethra just below the urinary bladder. It has anterior, median, posterior and two lateral lobes
It’s work is regulated by androgens which are responsible for male sex characteristics
Generalised disease of the prostate due to hormonal derangement which leads to non malignant enlargement of the gland (increase in the number of epithelial cells and stromal tissue)to cause compression of the urethra leading to symptoms (LUTS
NVBDCP.pptx Nation vector borne disease control programSapna Thakur
NVBDCP was launched in 2003-2004 . Vector-Borne Disease: Disease that results from an infection transmitted to humans and other animals by blood-feeding arthropods, such as mosquitoes, ticks, and fleas. Examples of vector-borne diseases include Dengue fever, West Nile Virus, Lyme disease, and malaria.
These simplified slides by Dr. Sidra Arshad present an overview of the non-respiratory functions of the respiratory tract.
Learning objectives:
1. Enlist the non-respiratory functions of the respiratory tract
2. Briefly explain how these functions are carried out
3. Discuss the significance of dead space
4. Differentiate between minute ventilation and alveolar ventilation
5. Describe the cough and sneeze reflexes
Study Resources:
1. Chapter 39, Guyton and Hall Textbook of Medical Physiology, 14th edition
2. Chapter 34, Ganong’s Review of Medical Physiology, 26th edition
3. Chapter 17, Human Physiology by Lauralee Sherwood, 9th edition
4. Non-respiratory functions of the lungs https://academic.oup.com/bjaed/article/13/3/98/278874
Pulmonary Thromboembolism - etilogy, types, medical- Surgical and nursing man...VarunMahajani
Disruption of blood supply to lung alveoli due to blockage of one or more pulmonary blood vessels is called as Pulmonary thromboembolism. In this presentation we will discuss its causes, types and its management in depth.
ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE IN HEALTHCARE.pdfAnujkumaranit
Artificial intelligence (AI) refers to the simulation of human intelligence processes by machines, especially computer systems. It encompasses tasks such as learning, reasoning, problem-solving, perception, and language understanding. AI technologies are revolutionizing various fields, from healthcare to finance, by enabling machines to perform tasks that typically require human intelligence.
Explore natural remedies for syphilis treatment in Singapore. Discover alternative therapies, herbal remedies, and lifestyle changes that may complement conventional treatments. Learn about holistic approaches to managing syphilis symptoms and supporting overall health.
New Directions in Targeted Therapeutic Approaches for Older Adults With Mantl...i3 Health
i3 Health is pleased to make the speaker slides from this activity available for use as a non-accredited self-study or teaching resource.
This slide deck presented by Dr. Kami Maddocks, Professor-Clinical in the Division of Hematology and
Associate Division Director for Ambulatory Operations
The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, will provide insight into new directions in targeted therapeutic approaches for older adults with mantle cell lymphoma.
STATEMENT OF NEED
Mantle cell lymphoma (MCL) is a rare, aggressive B-cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) accounting for 5% to 7% of all lymphomas. Its prognosis ranges from indolent disease that does not require treatment for years to very aggressive disease, which is associated with poor survival (Silkenstedt et al, 2021). Typically, MCL is diagnosed at advanced stage and in older patients who cannot tolerate intensive therapy (NCCN, 2022). Although recent advances have slightly increased remission rates, recurrence and relapse remain very common, leading to a median overall survival between 3 and 6 years (LLS, 2021). Though there are several effective options, progress is still needed towards establishing an accepted frontline approach for MCL (Castellino et al, 2022). Treatment selection and management of MCL are complicated by the heterogeneity of prognosis, advanced age and comorbidities of patients, and lack of an established standard approach for treatment, making it vital that clinicians be familiar with the latest research and advances in this area. In this activity chaired by Michael Wang, MD, Professor in the Department of Lymphoma & Myeloma at MD Anderson Cancer Center, expert faculty will discuss prognostic factors informing treatment, the promising results of recent trials in new therapeutic approaches, and the implications of treatment resistance in therapeutic selection for MCL.
Target Audience
Hematology/oncology fellows, attending faculty, and other health care professionals involved in the treatment of patients with mantle cell lymphoma (MCL).
Learning Objectives
1.) Identify clinical and biological prognostic factors that can guide treatment decision making for older adults with MCL
2.) Evaluate emerging data on targeted therapeutic approaches for treatment-naive and relapsed/refractory MCL and their applicability to older adults
3.) Assess mechanisms of resistance to targeted therapies for MCL and their implications for treatment selection
Lung Cancer: Artificial Intelligence, Synergetics, Complex System Analysis, S...Oleg Kshivets
RESULTS: Overall life span (LS) was 2252.1±1742.5 days and cumulative 5-year survival (5YS) reached 73.2%, 10 years – 64.8%, 20 years – 42.5%. 513 LCP lived more than 5 years (LS=3124.6±1525.6 days), 148 LCP – more than 10 years (LS=5054.4±1504.1 days).199 LCP died because of LC (LS=562.7±374.5 days). 5YS of LCP after bi/lobectomies was significantly superior in comparison with LCP after pneumonectomies (78.1% vs.63.7%, P=0.00001 by log-rank test). AT significantly improved 5YS (66.3% vs. 34.8%) (P=0.00000 by log-rank test) only for LCP with N1-2. Cox modeling displayed that 5YS of LCP significantly depended on: phase transition (PT) early-invasive LC in terms of synergetics, PT N0—N12, cell ratio factors (ratio between cancer cells- CC and blood cells subpopulations), G1-3, histology, glucose, AT, blood cell circuit, prothrombin index, heparin tolerance, recalcification time (P=0.000-0.038). Neural networks, genetic algorithm selection and bootstrap simulation revealed relationships between 5YS and PT early-invasive LC (rank=1), PT N0—N12 (rank=2), thrombocytes/CC (3), erythrocytes/CC (4), eosinophils/CC (5), healthy cells/CC (6), lymphocytes/CC (7), segmented neutrophils/CC (8), stick neutrophils/CC (9), monocytes/CC (10); leucocytes/CC (11). Correct prediction of 5YS was 100% by neural networks computing (area under ROC curve=1.0; error=0.0).
CONCLUSIONS: 5YS of LCP after radical procedures significantly depended on: 1) PT early-invasive cancer; 2) PT N0--N12; 3) cell ratio factors; 4) blood cell circuit; 5) biochemical factors; 6) hemostasis system; 7) AT; 8) LC characteristics; 9) LC cell dynamics; 10) surgery type: lobectomy/pneumonectomy; 11) anthropometric data. Optimal diagnosis and treatment strategies for LC are: 1) screening and early detection of LC; 2) availability of experienced thoracic surgeons because of complexity of radical procedures; 3) aggressive en block surgery and adequate lymph node dissection for completeness; 4) precise prediction; 5) adjuvant chemoimmunoradiotherapy for LCP with unfavorable prognosis.
Title: Sense of Taste
Presenter: Dr. Faiza, Assistant Professor of Physiology
Qualifications:
MBBS (Best Graduate, AIMC Lahore)
FCPS Physiology
ICMT, CHPE, DHPE (STMU)
MPH (GC University, Faisalabad)
MBA (Virtual University of Pakistan)
Learning Objectives:
Describe the structure and function of taste buds.
Describe the relationship between the taste threshold and taste index of common substances.
Explain the chemical basis and signal transduction of taste perception for each type of primary taste sensation.
Recognize different abnormalities of taste perception and their causes.
Key Topics:
Significance of Taste Sensation:
Differentiation between pleasant and harmful food
Influence on behavior
Selection of food based on metabolic needs
Receptors of Taste:
Taste buds on the tongue
Influence of sense of smell, texture of food, and pain stimulation (e.g., by pepper)
Primary and Secondary Taste Sensations:
Primary taste sensations: Sweet, Sour, Salty, Bitter, Umami
Chemical basis and signal transduction mechanisms for each taste
Taste Threshold and Index:
Taste threshold values for Sweet (sucrose), Salty (NaCl), Sour (HCl), and Bitter (Quinine)
Taste index relationship: Inversely proportional to taste threshold
Taste Blindness:
Inability to taste certain substances, particularly thiourea compounds
Example: Phenylthiocarbamide
Structure and Function of Taste Buds:
Composition: Epithelial cells, Sustentacular/Supporting cells, Taste cells, Basal cells
Features: Taste pores, Taste hairs/microvilli, and Taste nerve fibers
Location of Taste Buds:
Found in papillae of the tongue (Fungiform, Circumvallate, Foliate)
Also present on the palate, tonsillar pillars, epiglottis, and proximal esophagus
Mechanism of Taste Stimulation:
Interaction of taste substances with receptors on microvilli
Signal transduction pathways for Umami, Sweet, Bitter, Sour, and Salty tastes
Taste Sensitivity and Adaptation:
Decrease in sensitivity with age
Rapid adaptation of taste sensation
Role of Saliva in Taste:
Dissolution of tastants to reach receptors
Washing away the stimulus
Taste Preferences and Aversions:
Mechanisms behind taste preference and aversion
Influence of receptors and neural pathways
Impact of Sensory Nerve Damage:
Degeneration of taste buds if the sensory nerve fiber is cut
Abnormalities of Taste Detection:
Conditions: Ageusia, Hypogeusia, Dysgeusia (parageusia)
Causes: Nerve damage, neurological disorders, infections, poor oral hygiene, adverse drug effects, deficiencies, aging, tobacco use, altered neurotransmitter levels
Neurotransmitters and Taste Threshold:
Effects of serotonin (5-HT) and norepinephrine (NE) on taste sensitivity
Supertasters:
25% of the population with heightened sensitivity to taste, especially bitterness
Increased number of fungiform papillae
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Ozempic: Preoperative Management of Patients on GLP-1 Receptor Agonists Saeid Safari
Preoperative Management of Patients on GLP-1 Receptor Agonists like Ozempic and Semiglutide
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Developing prototype for_health_education_program_on_prevention_and_control_of_STDs, HIV and AIDS_in_community_settings
1. Developing Prototype
for Health Education Program on
Prevention and Control of STDs,
HIV and AIDS in Community
Setting
Mohammad Aslam Shaiekh
MPH/HPE
2. Background
"Health is created and lived by people
within the settings of their everyday life;
where they learn, work, play, and love.“
The Ottawa Charter
(1986)
3. Background
The community as a setting for health
promotion includes a broad range of
population groups such as women, men,
children, families, friendship networks and
particular interest groups, as well as
neighborhoods, villages, towns, cities, and
community and voluntary organizations.
Community includes physical spaces and the
nature of human relationships within those
spaces.
4. Background
• The health of people living in
disadvantaged communities is determined
by structural and environmental conditions
such as poverty, poor housing, social
discrimination and powerlessness.
• At the heart of participatory approach to
health is the empowerment of
communities, strengthening their capacity
to take collaborative action.
5. Background
Three of the Ottawa Charter strategies are
particularly relevant to the community setting
for Health promotion
a. Healthy public policy,
b. Supportive environments and
c. Strengthening community action.
Community is a place for organizing and
mobilizing people to address the challenges
that affect their health. successful community
interventions depend on an understanding and
a sharing of power between the community
and external agencies.
6. Background
The settings-based approaches to health
promotion, involve a holistic and multi-
disciplinary method which integrates
action across risk factors.
Healthy Settings key principles include
community participation, partnership,
empowerment and equity.
7. Background
• HIV in Nepal is extremely heterogeneous,
with respect to the most‐at‐risk populations
(MARPs), geographic distribution, and risk
factors in different geographic regions.
• The epidemic is concentrated in key
populations such as sex workers, injecting
drug users (IDUs), men who have sex with
men (MSM), and some migrants.
• Effective prevention interventions need to be
scaled up among MARPs and their direct
sexual partners.
8. Background
• Nepal's poverty, political instability and gender
inequality, combined with low levels of education
and literacy make the task challenging, as do the
denial, stigma, and discrimination that surround
HIV and AIDS.
9. Statement of the Problems
• 81% of women and 98% of men have heard
about AIDS.
• 47% of women and 51% of men know that
HIV can be transmitted during pregnancy,
during delivery, and by breastfeeding.
Additionally, 44% of women and 36% of men
know that the risk of MTCT can be reduced
by the mother taking special drugs.
• 40% of women and 33% of men expressed
discriminatory attitudes towards people living
with HIV.
10. Statement of the Problems
• 34% of women and 58% of men know where
to get an HIV test, and 10% of women and
20% of men have ever been tested and
received the results.
• 15% of women and 2% of men who had ever
had sexual intercourse reported having had a
sexually transmitted infection (STI) and/or
STI symptoms
• 21% of young women and 27% of young men
age 15-24 have comprehensive knowledge of
HIV.
11. Rationale of Theme
• Nepal’s HIV epidemic is largely concentrated in
MARPs, especially female sex workers (FSW), IDUs,
MSM, transgender and some migrants in both rural
and urban community.
• HIV/AIDS is recognized as a national priority health
issue. Inadequate knowledge, negative attitudes and
risky practices are major obstacles to prevent the
spread of HIV and AIDS
• Hence, imparting the level of awareness regarding
HIV/AIDS among community people through health
education program will be a vital approach to bring
positive changes to prevent and control of HIV and
AIDS.
12. Rationale of Setting
• Community participation, partnership,
empowerment and equity are the key
principles for community health education
program
• Reaching out to people in community setting
allows for greater tailoring of health
information and education
• Community based health education program
encourage and enhance health and wellness
of people by imparting knowledge, skill and
empowering the people in community.
13. Rationale of Settings
• Hence, Community setting for health
education program is one of best approach
for health education program and health
promotion activities through the active
engagement and participation of community
people which helps for program
implementation in a effective and efficient
way.
15. Introduction
• AIDS is Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome. It
is caused by the human immunodeficiency virus
(HIV). HIV is found in semen, pre-ejaculatory fluid,
vaginal fluids, blood and breast milk of HIV
infected people. HIV destroys a type of white
blood cell the immune system uses to fight
disease. AIDS occurs when the body’s immune
system has been severely damaged and is the
final stage of HIV infection. People with AIDS are
vulnerable to life threatening infections and
cancers.
• Now HIV and AIDS have became the major health
problem of the nations.
16. Introduction Cont..
Health education about HIV and AIDS for young people
requires special attention for prevention of high-risk social
and sexual behaviors in this age group. Health education
lead to more responsible behavior in young people and
reduces the exposure to HIV risk by delaying the initiation
of sexual activity or increasing condom use.
The general goals of Health education about HIV and AIDS
are to reduce the risk of infection by imparting accurate
information about HIV/AIDS, correct myths and
misinformation, create an appropriate degree of concern
and motivation for behavioral change, build skills needed to
avoid high-risk situations, and eliminate fears and
prejudiced attitudes toward people with AIDS.
17. Collecting Baseline Data and
Information
• 81% of women and 98% of men have heard
about AIDS.
• 47% of women and 51% of men know that
HIV can be transmitted during pregnancy,
during delivery, and by breastfeeding.
Additionally, 44% of women and 36% of men
know that the risk of MTCT can be reduced
by the mother taking special drugs.
• 40% of women and 33% of men expressed
discriminatory attitudes towards people living
with HIV.
18. Collecting Baseline Data and
Information
• Discriminatory attitudes towards people
living with HIV are more common among
rural women and men (50% and 37%,
respectively) than urban women and men
(35% and 31%, respectively).
• Knowledge of treatment for HIV is lowest
among women and men with no education
(38% and 25%, respectively) and highest
among those with an SLC or above (53%
and 33%).
19. Identifying Health Education Needs
on Priority Basis
• AIDS caused by HIV remains the most
serious of infectious disease challenges to
public health.
• Most young people have only limited
knowledge about HIV/AIDS especially in the
rural areas. Young people have been
designated as a group at high risk of
acquiring HIV/AIDS due to their involvement
in sexual experimentation and the use of
recreational drugs.
• Hence, Health education program should
focus the young people of community
including most‐at‐risk populations (MARPs),
20. Establishing Goal and Objectives
• Goal
The overall goal of this program is to
decrease the disabilities, deformities and
death rates from STI, HIV and AIDS trough
providing adequate information, knowledge
about preventive & control measures of
STIs, HIV and AIDS.
21. Establishing Goal and Objectives
• General Objective:
To prevent and control the STI and
HIV/AIDS by raising awareness, advocacy
and providing knowledge and information
regarding prevention and control of STIs and
HIV/AIDS.
22. Establishing Goal and Objectives
Specific Objectives:
• Community people will get information
about the risk factors of STIs and
HIV/AIDS like (like unsafe sex practices,
multiple sex partners, Intravenous drug
abuse etc.)
• Community people will adopt the positive
behavior to prevent and control of STIs
and HIV/AIDS after the getting Health
education and Information
23. Deciding Contents to be Taught
• Introduction of STIs and HIV/AIDS
• Epidemiological Trend about STIs and
HIV/AIDS
• Cause and Risk factors of STIs and
HIV/AIDS
• Route of Transmission and Transmission
Mechanism of STIs and HIV/AIDS
• Preventive and Control measures of STI
and HIV/AIDS
24. Deciding Target Groups
• Primary targets for this program will be
Young People and Productive age
group(15- 50)
• Secondary targets will be all the people of
the community
• Total No. of Participants: 25
25. Deciding Appropriate Methods
and Media
• Methods:
Lecture method will be used to conduct
the health education program
• Media :
Poster
Pamphlets
OHP (Over Head Projector)
Video shows
26. Identifying Necessary and Available
Resources
• Local Health facility staff will be used as
facilitator.
• School hall or Palika hall will be used for the
Short lecture.
• The poster, pamphlets and other IEC material
will be collected from health office/Health
section
• The Short lecture and group discussion
program will be for 60 minutes.
• Use of appropriate technology for effective
learning
27. Implementing Strategies
• The Health education program will be conducted on
2nd of Bhadra, 2076 for 1 days. Implementation of
Health education programme will be done as
described in Schedule/Detail Plan of Action
• Program will be implemented through the
coordination of Health coordinator of Municipality,
HF, HMG, FCHVs at community level.
• Trained and skillful facilitator will be mobilized for
the program
• Required logistics/commodities will be managed
and allocated for the program implementation on
timely
• Community engagement and participation for the
program planning and implementations
• Monitoring, recording and reporting of the program 27
28. Developing a Detail Plan of
Action
S.N Contents Message to Convey Methods and
Media
Time
1 Introduction of STIs
and HIV/AIDS
-Meaning of STI, HIV &
AIDS
- Beliefs about HIV/AIDS
- Determinants of
precipitating HIV and
AIDS
- Sign and Symptom of
HIV/AIDS
- Method:
Lecture and
Interaction
- Media:
Poster,
Videos,
Slide
45
Minutes
2 Transmission of HIV
and AIDS
- Unprotected sexual
intercourse
- Sharing needles or
syringes
- Unsafe blood
transfusion
- Infection during
pregnancy, childbirth, or
breast-feeding (Mother-
- Method:
Lecture and
Interaction
- Media:
Poster,
Videos,
Slide
40
Minutes
29. Developing a Detail Plan of
Action
S.N Contents Message to Convey Methods and
Media
Time
3 Route of
Transmission
- Sexual Contact
- Blood Exposure
- Perinatal (Mother to
Child)
- Method:
Lecture and
Interaction
- Media:
Poster,
Videos,
Slide
20
Minutes
30. Developing a Detail Plan of
Action
S
.
N
Contents Message to Convey Methods and
Media
Time
3 Cause and Risk
factors of STIs
and HIV/AIDS
- Practice unsafe sex
- Lack of knowledge and
education
- Lack of accessibility of
Services
- Societal perceptions and
Stigmas (Disabled People
Victimization)
- Poverty
- Lack of necessary
information
- Poor laws and policies
related to HIV
- Method:
Lecture and
Interaction
- Media:
Poster,
Videos,
Slide
45
Minutes
31. Developing a Detail Plan of
Action
S
.
N
Contents Message to Convey Methods and
Media
Time
4 Preventive and
Control
measures of STI
and HIV/AIDS
- ABC Rule of HIV
Prevention
- Create awareness about
HIV
- Avoidance of IV drug use
- Practice of safe sex
- Use of sterilized
needles/sharp objects
- Early diagnosis and
treatment
- Method:
Lecture and
Interaction
- Media:
Poster,
Videos,
Slide
30
Minutes
32. Determining Time and
Techniques of Evaluation
Program Detail:
• Date: 9August 2019
• Time: 3 Hours (11 am-2 pm)
• Place : Veterinary Building, Khudi
33. Techniques of Evaluation
• Pre-test and post test will be done to
evaluate the knowledge level of
participants