The document describes a proposed unicellular eukaryotic organism that would absorb excess glucose from the bloodstream and help regulate blood sugar levels through binary fission and apoptosis. It would be administered orally via capsules and multiply to absorb glucose until blood sugar levels return to normal, at which point the organisms would die off without further dividing. The organism aims to control blood glucose as an alternative to insulin or diabetes medications due to potential side effects of those treatments.

1. INTRODUCTION
• Unicellular
• Eukaryotic
• Size 0.05-2mm
(i.e approx. size of a sand grain.)

2. PURPOSE
• The organism will help in controlling blood
Glucose level
• It will absorb excess Glucose from blood
and will help to maintain blood-sugar level
within normal range.

3. Mode 0f Reproduction
• Binary fission

4. MECHANISM
• As our organism is like a sand particle, it
can easily be given orally through
capsules (freezed dried).
• When blood sugar level of patient will be
above the normal range, it will absorb
blood glucose .

5. • When cell’s range of glucose level will
reach to a certain level, it will replicate its
genome and will divide through binary
fission.
• Immediately after division the parent
organism will undergo apoptosis.
(genetically regulated form of cell death)

6. Organism
Apoptosis
Glucose
Parent Daughter
Replication Absorption &
& Division Degradation

7. • The daughter cell will then start its cycle
and the process will go on……until????
• The glucose level of patient will reach
within the normal range.

8. Now what about the last
organism??
• Shall continue to absorb glucose and
divide ????
OR
• Shall die without dividing??????

9. Second Option is more appealing!!!
• When the glucose level of patient will
reach within the normal range organism
will die without replicating or dividing.

10. DNA & GENOME
• Single Linear DNA (present in the nucleus.)
• Necessary genes
 A gene for controlling absorption of Glucose
 For replication
 For binary fission
 Apoptosis with division
 Apoptosis without division

11. WHY NOT MEDICINES OR
INSULIN?
Oral medicine doesn't work for everyone,
though. It is not effective in the treatment
of type 1 diabetes.
Insulin therapy is necessary for all people
who have type 1 diabetes and for some
people who have type 2 diabetes.

12. Potential side effects of common
diabetes drugs
• Sulfonylureas: low blood sugar, upset
stomach, skin rash or itching, weight gain
• Biguanides/Metformin: sickness with alcohol,
kidney complications,, tiredness or dizziness,
metal taste
• Alpha-glucosidase inhibitors: gas, diarrhoea
• Thiazolidinediones: weight gain, risk of liver
disease, anaemia risk, swelling of legs or ankles,
• Meglitinides: weight gain, low blood sugar