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Determining the relationship between physical environment and weight status using Google Street View
The document presents research on the relationship between physical environments and obesity, highlighting the concept of obesogenic environments that influence individual behaviors and weight status. It discusses the use of Google Street View for virtual audits to assess neighborhood characteristics and their impact on obesity-related factors in various European regions. The study aims to enhance understanding of environmental and individual interactions in obesity development and to inform intervention strategies.
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Determining the relationship between physical environment and weight status using Google Street View
- 1. Determining the relationshipbetween physical environment and weight status using Google Street View Ketevan Glonti Research Fellow - ECOHOST Improving health worldwide www.lshtm.ac.uk Enhancing data capture in health research using digital technology
- 2. Obesogenic environment • “Thesum of influences that the surroundings, opportunities or conditions of life have on promoting obesity in individuals or populations”* • All around us, with an impact on everyday behaviour, choices and health * Swinburn, B., G. Egger, and F. Raza, Dissecting obesogenic environments: the development and application of a framework for identifying and prioritizing environmental interventions for obesity. Prev Med, 1999. 29(6 Pt 1): p. 563-70.
- 4. Obesogenic environments • Anotherphoto example of an obesogenic environment - supermarket
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- 7. SPOTLIGHT • EU-funded project •SPOTLIGHT – Sustainable Prevention of Obesity Through Integrated Strategies • Addressing the social and environmental determinants of obesity
- 8. Measuring the obesogenicenvironment across European regions ENVIRONMENT (objective measures) Social Physical Obesity INDIVIDUAL Obesity related behaviors Environmental perceptions Neighbourhood audit Individual survey Virtual audit Online At neighbourhood level
- 9. Defining neighbourhoods 9 2 CHARACTERISTICS Residential density -A central component of both urban sprawl and land use mix - Percentage of coverage of buildings devoted to residential facilities - Available at European level from the European Urban Atlas dataset Median income (SES) 5 URBAN REGIONS 4 Types : Low / High Density X SES
- 10. Neighbourhood audit Individualsurvey Virtual audit Online In 5 European cities Random selection 3 neighborhoods per typology 12 neighborhoods by region Total: 60 neighborhoods Sampling neighbourhoods
- 11. Field audit tools •ANC (Active Neighborhood Checklist) • Neighborhood Attributes Inventory • PHDCN (Project on Human Development in Chicago Neighborhoods) • NALP (Neighborhood Active Living Potential) • SPACES (Systematic Pedestrian and Cycling Environmental Scan) • NOC (Neighborhood Observational Checklist) • HAN (Healthy Aging research Network Environmental Audit Tool) • PEDS (Pedestrian Environmental Data Scan) • REAT (Residential Environment Assessment Tool) • WABSA (Walkability and Biking suitability Assessment) • BESSC (Built Environment Site Survey Checklist) • SSO (Systematic Social Observation Tool) • EPOCH I (Environmental Profile of a Community’s Health)
- 12. Google Street View •Launched in 2007 • Based on a mobile mapping system • Collected using cameras on moving vehicles • Panoramic and omnidirectional views at ‘eye-level’ • Easy to use • Free
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- 15. Virtual audits Easy andfree to use especially in large areas Time saved especially travel time Safe alternative especially in unsafe neighbourhoods ADVANTAGES Uncovered areas Temporal variability: time of day, season, weather Date of data collection (update) Obstructed view LIMITATIONS
- 16. Tool assesses 4general areas: • Characteristics of street design • Land use • Food outlets • Recreational facilities (indoor/outdoor) • 42 items
- 17. Virtual vs. Fieldaudit Presence Agreement Walking related items 97 % Cycling related items 94.4 % Public transport 98.9 % Aesthetics 87.3 % Food outlets 99.9 % Physical activity facilities 97.1 % Overall 95.6 % Bethlehem et al. Int J Health Geographics 2014 128 street segments 4 Dutch urban neighbourhoods
- 18. Virtual audit The SPOTLIGHTVirtual Audit Tool Google Street View
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- 25. Self-defined neighborhoods 25 “Please drawthe boundaries of what you regard as your neighborhood on the map below”
- 26. Charreire et al.In preparation
- 27. Conclusions • New toolsand measures developed To assess environmental characteristics potentially associated with obesity • Objective aspects (virtual audit) • Perceptions (neighbourhood limits) • Individual choices (mode of transport and food outlets) • With the aim – to refine our understanding of the interactions between environmental and individual influences in the development of obesity – to design new strategies for interventions to address the issue of obesity at different scales in Europe
- 28. Thank you foryour attention! Questions? Special thanks to all colleagues from the SPOTLIGHT team Contact details: ketevan.glonti@lshtm.ac.uk Improving health worldwide www.lshtm.ac.uk