Nowadays, the increase in the population of children has caused an increased attention to the children education and learning spaces issue. Children specific spaces are types of architecture which do not have significant historical records and the attention of developed societies have increased regarding these institutions during recent years. Unfortunately, these institutions in Iran do not have the required facilities for children. Therefore, the objective of this paper is to detect the particular components in the design of learning spaces with the approach of improving children’s creativity and emotional intelligence. The research approach is a descriptive-analytical research and the data collection method is based on desk studies. The results of this paper shows that the change in the shape and size of architectural spaces, designing multi-function space as well as the relation with nature in learning spaces lead to the improvement of children’s creativity and emotional intelligence.
Professional Literature for my Inquiry ProjectLinda629
The document discusses several resources on how teachers can support children's social and emotional development. It describes key ideas from books and articles on creating caring classrooms, implementing emotion-centered curriculums, and the importance of social-emotional learning. One resource discusses how teachers can model emotions to help children develop social and emotional skills. Another resource emphasizes the critical role of safe, caring environments for learning. It highlights that socially and emotionally competent children communicate their needs better, improving family relationships and reducing abuse and neglect.
Play is an important part of child development and education. Several factors influence children's play, including environmental factors like family socioeconomic status, biological factors like gender and health, interpersonal relationships, and early childhood experiences. Play allows children to develop skills in areas like creativity, problem-solving, and social skills. It prepares them for school by helping them learn concepts like shapes, colors, and numbers in a fun way. The idea of using play-based learning has grown and replaced more traditional teaching methods by making learning more engaging and relieving boredom for students.
The document discusses key concepts in lifespan developmental psychology including:
1) Development involves biological, social, cognitive, and personality changes across the lifespan from conception to death.
2) There are debates around nature vs nurture and whether development is continuous or occurs in distinct stages.
3) Early prenatal development and environmental influences can impact lifelong physical and psychological development.
4) Infants progress from reflexes to language development and form attachments with caregivers that shape social and emotional development.
Empower Your Child To Be A Successful LearnerDavid Krasky
This document discusses ways to empower children to be successful learners. It covers topics like intelligence, emotional intelligence, school success factors, and ways parents can enhance their child's abilities. The key points are: Intelligence is influenced by both genetics and environment. Emotional intelligence is important for learning and success. Hallmarks of successful students include being eager to learn, having social skills, and having supportive families/schools. Parents can foster skills like independence, self-esteem, and motivation through play, problem-solving practice, and positive discipline.
Demystifying Social-Emotional Learning: How Measuring SEL Skills Affects Clas...ACT
A growing number of researchers, educators, and policymakers agree that social and emotional learning (SEL, or noncognitive) is essential for a wide range of outcomes in academic and life success. Decades of research have shown that attention to SEL predicts many important outcomes across different ages, countries, and cultures:
- 77% of teachers say that strong SEL skills improve academic performance
- 87% of teachers believe that SEL is a major benefit in preparing students for the workforce
- On average, every $1 invested in SEL-development programs yields $11 in long-term benefits, ranging from reduced juvenile crime, higher lifetime earnings, and better mental and physical health
This webinar highlights important SEL research, policy, and emerging practice that can have very positive effects on K-12 educators and students. Topics include:
- How measuring SEL skills is elevated by the Every Student Succeeds Act (ESSA)
- How these factors predict academic outcomes, including achievement, retention, and citizenship behaviors; as well as how these expand into indicators of college and career readiness
- How to integrate various SEL frameworks into a comprehensive model, with various crosswalks
- How to best measure these skills, with coverage of new measurement paradigms that represent advances over traditional self-report assessments
- A brief introduction to ACT® Tessera, a noncognitive assessment that uses a holistic approach to measuring college and career readiness with data and tools to intervene on these skills, should issues emerge
- A child's relationship with his microenvironment like parents, classmates, and teachers affects his propensity to learn in school. A child's socioeconomic status also influences parents' expectations of the child.
- A child's needs for belonging, safety, and self-esteem must be fulfilled for effective learning to take place. Deficiencies in meeting these needs can negatively impact a child's desire and ability to learn.
- Components of social-emotional learning like self-awareness, self-management, and relationship skills directly relate to a child's learning capacity. Without these competencies developed, a child's learning will be limited.
Intermediate schoolers are in the concrete operational stage of cognitive development. Their thinking skills are more effective than in primary school as they can organize thoughts logically about immediate situations. Their reading skills have developed through applying word attack techniques. Their attention spans are longer and more flexible compared to younger children. Creativity is encouraged through activities that celebrate uniqueness, reduce competition, and support sharing ideas with peers and teachers. The document discusses the impact of media such as television and computers in schools, noting benefits like opportunities for collaboration, problem solving, and independent learning. However, media is also linked to increased aggression and anti-social behavior in children as well as greater desire to see and engage in violence.
Professional Literature for my Inquiry ProjectLinda629
The document discusses several resources on how teachers can support children's social and emotional development. It describes key ideas from books and articles on creating caring classrooms, implementing emotion-centered curriculums, and the importance of social-emotional learning. One resource discusses how teachers can model emotions to help children develop social and emotional skills. Another resource emphasizes the critical role of safe, caring environments for learning. It highlights that socially and emotionally competent children communicate their needs better, improving family relationships and reducing abuse and neglect.
Play is an important part of child development and education. Several factors influence children's play, including environmental factors like family socioeconomic status, biological factors like gender and health, interpersonal relationships, and early childhood experiences. Play allows children to develop skills in areas like creativity, problem-solving, and social skills. It prepares them for school by helping them learn concepts like shapes, colors, and numbers in a fun way. The idea of using play-based learning has grown and replaced more traditional teaching methods by making learning more engaging and relieving boredom for students.
The document discusses key concepts in lifespan developmental psychology including:
1) Development involves biological, social, cognitive, and personality changes across the lifespan from conception to death.
2) There are debates around nature vs nurture and whether development is continuous or occurs in distinct stages.
3) Early prenatal development and environmental influences can impact lifelong physical and psychological development.
4) Infants progress from reflexes to language development and form attachments with caregivers that shape social and emotional development.
Empower Your Child To Be A Successful LearnerDavid Krasky
This document discusses ways to empower children to be successful learners. It covers topics like intelligence, emotional intelligence, school success factors, and ways parents can enhance their child's abilities. The key points are: Intelligence is influenced by both genetics and environment. Emotional intelligence is important for learning and success. Hallmarks of successful students include being eager to learn, having social skills, and having supportive families/schools. Parents can foster skills like independence, self-esteem, and motivation through play, problem-solving practice, and positive discipline.
Demystifying Social-Emotional Learning: How Measuring SEL Skills Affects Clas...ACT
A growing number of researchers, educators, and policymakers agree that social and emotional learning (SEL, or noncognitive) is essential for a wide range of outcomes in academic and life success. Decades of research have shown that attention to SEL predicts many important outcomes across different ages, countries, and cultures:
- 77% of teachers say that strong SEL skills improve academic performance
- 87% of teachers believe that SEL is a major benefit in preparing students for the workforce
- On average, every $1 invested in SEL-development programs yields $11 in long-term benefits, ranging from reduced juvenile crime, higher lifetime earnings, and better mental and physical health
This webinar highlights important SEL research, policy, and emerging practice that can have very positive effects on K-12 educators and students. Topics include:
- How measuring SEL skills is elevated by the Every Student Succeeds Act (ESSA)
- How these factors predict academic outcomes, including achievement, retention, and citizenship behaviors; as well as how these expand into indicators of college and career readiness
- How to integrate various SEL frameworks into a comprehensive model, with various crosswalks
- How to best measure these skills, with coverage of new measurement paradigms that represent advances over traditional self-report assessments
- A brief introduction to ACT® Tessera, a noncognitive assessment that uses a holistic approach to measuring college and career readiness with data and tools to intervene on these skills, should issues emerge
- A child's relationship with his microenvironment like parents, classmates, and teachers affects his propensity to learn in school. A child's socioeconomic status also influences parents' expectations of the child.
- A child's needs for belonging, safety, and self-esteem must be fulfilled for effective learning to take place. Deficiencies in meeting these needs can negatively impact a child's desire and ability to learn.
- Components of social-emotional learning like self-awareness, self-management, and relationship skills directly relate to a child's learning capacity. Without these competencies developed, a child's learning will be limited.
Intermediate schoolers are in the concrete operational stage of cognitive development. Their thinking skills are more effective than in primary school as they can organize thoughts logically about immediate situations. Their reading skills have developed through applying word attack techniques. Their attention spans are longer and more flexible compared to younger children. Creativity is encouraged through activities that celebrate uniqueness, reduce competition, and support sharing ideas with peers and teachers. The document discusses the impact of media such as television and computers in schools, noting benefits like opportunities for collaboration, problem solving, and independent learning. However, media is also linked to increased aggression and anti-social behavior in children as well as greater desire to see and engage in violence.
This document discusses goals and strategies for cognitive development in young children. It covers three subdomains: social connections, mathematical thinking and expression, and scientific exploration and knowledge. Within each subdomain, developmental indicators for goals are provided. The document emphasizes exploring concepts through natural interactions and play rather than direct instruction. It also stresses the importance of supporting children's curiosity, questioning, problem-solving and allowing multi-sensory exploration. Strategies for infants/toddlers and preschoolers are outlined to foster skills in each cognitive domain.
Vygotsky was a contemporary of Piaget who did research in Russia during the Stalinist era. His work was declared "pseudo-science" and was not published in the West until the late 1970s. Vygotsky believed that social interaction and cultural tools are the primary drivers of cognitive development in children, unlike Piaget who thought children develop cognitively through internal processes. Vygotsky introduced concepts like the Zone of Proximal Development and scaffolding to describe how learning occurs through social interaction and guidance from others.
Play Way Method - Presentation by Satnarain SinghSatnarainSingh
Play way method is a method which envisages that all work should be done in the spirit of ‘play’.
Play way is quite different from the normal meaning of the word “play’ which is considered as a form of physical activity. Presentation by Satnarain Singh, Asst. Prof. in Special Education
The document provides guidelines for the major components of a research paper, including the paper title, abstract, introduction, related work, body, performance experiments, conclusions, future work, acknowledgments, citations, appendices, mechanics, and other components. It discusses what should be included in each section and tips for effective presentation.
Production of A Safety Helmet Using Palm Kernel Fiber And Shell Particulatesinventionjournals
Palm Kernel Fiber (PKF) with Palm Kernel Shell (PKS) particulates as filler were used as reinforcement in polymer matrix composite to investigate their suitability for the production of a safety helmet. The Palm Kernel Fiber (PKF) was initially used as the reinforcement while epoxy resin (Bisphenol-A-glycidyl) served as the matrix. Six specimen were produced having 2.5%, 5%, 7.5%, 10%, 12.5% and 15% PKF content in the composite and their mechanical properties (Tensile strength, Impact strength, Flexural strength and Hardness strength) were evaluated. The specimen having the optimum desirable mechanical properties was adopted for hybridization with the PKS as filler. Specimen D (10% PKF) with the highest impact strength of 6.62 J/mm2 , hardness of 6.9 HRF, tensile strength of 26.75 N/mm2 and flexural strength of 31.02 N/mm2 was selected and reproduced with PKS particulates as filler. The PKF and PKS were mixed in the ratio of 1% PKS - 9% PKF, 2% PKS – 8% PKF, 3% PKS – 7% PKF, 4% PKS – 6% PKF, 5% PKS – 5% PKF and 6% PKS – 4% PKF. All the mechanical tests (Impact, hardness, tensile and flexural strength) evaluated for the hybrid samples. Specimen D6 (6% PKF – 4% PKS) offered the most acceptable combination of mechanical properties; impact strength of 7.27 J/mm2 , hardness of 6.7 HRF, tensile strength of 21.55 N/mm2 and flexural strength of 34.61 N/mm2 . Since impact is the most critical property in this research, and specimen D6 offered the highest, it was adopted for the production of the sample safety helmet.
Peter Komives, director for network integration of the Global Entrepreneurship Network, on GEN Country Strategic Planning.
Presentation delivered at the Global Entrepreneurship Congress in Johannesburg, South Africa (March 2017).
Dürfen Reservierungsgebühren vom Makler beim gescheiterten Immobilienerwerb erhoben werden? Wie eindeutig ist die Rechtslage seit dem Grundsatzurteil des BGH? Darf die Kaufentscheidung durch Reservierungsgebühr beeinflusst werden?
Role of Law in Dealing with the Cyber Crime and Social Changeinventionjournals
The document discusses social change and cyber crime in relation to the role of law. It provides context on social change in Indonesia and defines it as changes in social institutions that affect values, attitudes and behaviors. Cyber crime is discussed as a new type of crime that has emerged with social changes in the digital era. The role of Law No. 11 of 2008 on Electronic Information and Transactions is analyzed as both a means of social control and social engineering to address cyber crime and regulate acceptable and prohibited online acts.
Legal Arrangements Regarding the Adoption of Children in Indonesiainventionjournals
The adoption of a child to be one way to get custody of the child. Indonesian law gives freedom to every citizen of both Indonesian citizens and foreign nationals to adopt a child to meet all the applicable procedures in order to ensure the survival of children and prevent children from the loss of the future.
Terminalia Chebula A Traditional Herbal Drug – A Short Reviewinventionjournals
The usage of medicinal plants used from ancient times to treat various diseases due to its potential medicinal applications. Terminalia chebula is one of the common herbal drugs used in traditional systems in worldwide. The review tries to focus the traditional use of Terminalia chebula as herbal drug and the importance and its impact in the medicinal applications.
A Review on the Challenges of Teaching Physical Educationinventionjournals
It is very common that teachers’ degrees are questioned about the fundamental knowledge and methods one has to hold in order to teach. This kind of reflection concerning teachers’ education requires constant research and education update so that the teachers’ social meaning can be defined. Knowing something does not mean only being informed about some field, it is necessary that they are able to utilize these pieces of information to build knowledge. Therefore, teachers and professors are mediators between the social application of information and their pupils. Some other problematic factors are added to Physical Education teaching processes, in which teaching and learning active methodologies, as well as reflexive interventions about teaching practices, are not perceived. On the other hand, it is common that health majors in general also lack a capable and well educated student body who can build their own knowledge; involvement in real transforming actions (presenting different personal point of views); multidisciplinary relations (on the contrary, it can be easily noticed a certain detachment from other knowledge areas); monitoring criteria and evaluation of the teaching and learning processes.
Language Needs Analysis for English Curriculum Validationinventionjournals
This document summarizes a study that analyzed the language needs of 349 tertiary students in Oman to validate the English curriculum. The study found that most respondents were under 19 years old and female. It also found that identifying errors skills, writing skills, correct usage, reading skills and listening skills were significantly affected by the respondents' profiles, but speaking skills and vocabulary skills were not. The document discusses the methodology used, which was a descriptive method employing purposive sampling and questionnaires. It also provides tables analyzing the respondents' profiles and language performance in areas like listening, speaking, reading, writing, vocabulary and grammar. The study aims to help curriculum designers develop an English learning process based on students' needs.
We report a case of a 7-yeas old boy with Cornea plana who presented with heavy amblyiopia due to high refractive error. Cornea plana is a genetically determined condition that can be accompanied by a range of complications and have virtually no possible treatment. The child underwent a treatment for the amblyopia with very good results, but still presents a challenge in terms of early detection of possible glaucoma.
The Factors Affecting the Development of Entrepreneurship School in Education...inventionjournals
This study aimed to identify factors involved in developing Entrepreneur school and understanding the Executive requirements of these schools in Educational system of Iran (Case Study of MAZANDARAN province). Relying on the theory of organizational entrepreneurship and data based theory (Grounded Theory) the factors effective in creating a school for entrepreneurs were identified. The population of the study in Interview section was 20 experts in the Field of educational sciences from the University of Educators, entrepreneurship teachers and school administrators and for qualitative validation were 20 faculty members of University of Educators and school administrators. The research tools were open interview and content analysis techniques .The research findings indicate that the two groups factors of inside and outside organization and 3 dimensions of personal, organizational and environmental abilities and 16 components of Features (psychological , attitude, motivational), management style, organizational ,Mental and interpersonal skills, new methods of reward, management support, Delegate, deadline, curricula system , strategic orientation, entrepreneurial culture, entrepreneurship education, space and equipments, government policies, socio-economic and cultural conditions, financial and non-financial support are effective in building this kind of entrepreneur school. Also the results of qualitative validation or questionnaire distribution in the first step have resulted to the Removal of the concepts of parental education; parental social status and evaluation system due to an average of less than 4.In the implementation of the second round questionnaire, Kendal correlation coefficient was calculated and Kendall's w = 0.705 was obtained, suggesting a strong consensus among panel members in the research.
Controversies and Navigation of Inclusive Education in the Context of Bangladeshinventionjournals
Inclusive education is one of the most important steps to promote integration of special learners in our society, yet it is not much familiar or established everywhere. Collaboration with mainstream students is a big platform to make them efficient citizen. It ensures their holistic development and flourishes their individual identity. All the children have equal right to participate and get opportunities of education together; especially these segregated groups need to be surrounded by people who will lift them higher. But practically the way is full of difficulties. Differences persist in policymaking, curriculum, classroom arrangements, teaching-learning system, evaluation, materials, teacher training and so forth. This paper tries to identify and reduce the gap between the practices of these two educational sectors. In this respect, mainstream educators and practitioners have been interviewed to know their interest, expectations and doubts about this assimilation. Besides, some successful cases have been observed closely with a purpose of bringing it in practice from the conceptual stage.
A Course-Based Qualitative Inquiry into the Potential Impact of the Bachelor ...inventionjournals
This document summarizes a qualitative study that explored how Bachelor of Child and Youth Care students may be influenced by their educational program and apply what they've learned to their own future parenting styles. The study analyzed responses from 15 students through open-ended surveys. Four major themes emerged: 1) a desire to adopt an authoritative parenting style, unlike the authoritarian styles many experienced, 2) influence from specific courses and concepts around development, abuse, and substance use, 3) a better understanding of parenting theories, and 4) increased self-reflection abilities. The results suggest the CYC program significantly impacts not only graduates' professional skills but also their personal approaches to parenting.
MeĢrutiyet Devrimi Sürecinde Ġran’da Ulemânın Rolü ve Etkisi (1906-1911)inventionjournals
Ġran'da ülke içindeki toplumsal, siyasi ve ekonomik duruma bağlı olarak güç yapısında bazı değiĢimler meydana gelmektedir. Bu değiĢimler Ġran’daki mevcut sosyal gruplar arasındaki güç dengelerini değiĢtirmektedir. MonarĢiler döneminde, siyasi bir figür olarak ġah Ġran’daki güç üzerinde tekelci bir konuma sahip olamamıĢtır, ancak yabancı hükümetlerin desteği ve iç muhalif dengelerin de yardımıyla otoritesini kurabilmiĢtir. Bu makalede Ġran’da MeĢrutiyet Devrimi (1906-1911) döneminde yaĢanan siyasi ve toplumsal değiĢimler ve din adamlarının (ulemâ sınıfı) bu değiĢimler karĢısındaki tavrı tarihi ve kültürel süreç içerisinde ulemânın sahip olduğu konumla birlikte ele alınmıĢtır. “Ġran’da MeĢrutiyet Devriminin OluĢumu” ve “MeĢrutiyet Döneminde Ġran’da Etkin Ulemâ” baĢlıkları ulemânın gücü ve toplum üzerindeki etkisi dikkate alınarak incelenmiĢtir. Bu baĢlıkların yanı sıra Ġran MeĢrutiyet Devriminin, Osmanlı Ġmparatorluğu’nun son döneminde yaĢadığı II. MeĢrutiyet Devrimiyle(1908-1913) karĢılaĢtırıldığı bir baĢlık konulmuĢ ve böylece Ġran’ın geçirdiği meĢrutiyet sürecinin daha iyi anlaĢılması sağlanmıĢtır. Yöntem olarak nitel araĢtırma tekniklerinden olan kaynak incelemesi (Türkçe ve Ġngilizce Tezler, bilimsel raporlar, akademik makaleler, kitaplar) tercih edilmiĢtir. Ġran’da yabancı güçlerin ülkeye nüfuzunu engellemek üzere ulemânın da yardımıyla 1891’de gerçekleĢen Tütün Protestosu, otoriter Kaçar ġahlarına karĢı toplumsal bir baĢarıdır. Bu baĢarı MeĢrutiyet Devrimi gibi daha radikal, politik ve kapsamlı bir hareketin oluĢmasına zemin hazırlamıĢtır. 1905 yılında baĢkentte halk ayaklanmasıyla baĢlayan bu devrim, 1908 yılından sonra ayaklanmaların, Ģiddet olaylarının artmasıyla daha çok ses getiren, baĢkent Tahran’dan diğer Ģehirlere de yayılan bir hareket niteliği kazanmıĢtır ve 1911 yılında son bulmuĢtur. Radikal Ulemâ, esnaf ve Batı tarzı modernleĢmeyi savunan seküler entelektüellerin ittifakıyla Ģekillenen MeĢrutiyet Devrimi’nde en etkin rolü üstlenmiĢ olan ulemânın kendi içinde yaĢadığı fikir ayrılıkları MeĢrutiyet sürecinin baĢarıya ulaĢmasını engelleyen unsurlardan biri olmuĢtur. Nihayetinde, Kaçar Hanedanlığının son yirmi yılındaki katı uygulamalar, BirleĢik Krallık’ın ve Rusya Ġmparatorluğu’nun Ġran’da artan nüfuzu ve ulemânın fikir ayrılıkları sebebiyle; bu devrim ve kazanımları baĢarısızlıkla sonuçlanmıĢtır.
The Debilitating Effect of Conflict on the Female Gender: The Syrian Conflict...inventionjournals
In times of war, members of the same society face very different challenges. The impact of war on someone will vary according to factors such as age, social class, and gender. What appears to have taken centre stage in the discussion of the Syrian conflict is the impact of the conflict on children and the dangers threatening their everyday lives. Children however are not the only vulnerable members of society at war. Syrian women also face extremely adverse conditions. This paper sets out to analytically x-ray the plight of women in conflict situations with particular reference to the Syrian crisis. It finds amongst other things that women are indeed the most vulnerable in war times and it recommends amongst other things that strive for the protection of the vulnerable in war times and conflict prone zones is a quest that must be sought.
Temperament and Character of Schizophrenics: A Study on Indian Populationinventionjournals
This study was attempted to explore the temperament and character of schizophrenic patients and compared with normal controls. Total 102 schizophrenic patients and 50 normal controls were included in this study. The mean age of Schizophrenic patients was 32.073( SD + 10.205) and normal controls mean age was 30.14 (SD +12.048). Temperament and Character Inventory was used to assessed personality of the Schizophrenic patients. Findings revealed that out of four temperament novelty seeking and persistence were significantly differed from normal controls. Both were found low in Patients than normals. All three Character domains were found significantly difference in comparison of both group. Self directedness and cooperativeness were found low in schizophrenia than normals. Self transcendence was found high in patients group than Controls. Findings of this study can help to understand the personality of Schizophrenic patients.
This document discusses goals and strategies for cognitive development in young children. It covers three subdomains: social connections, mathematical thinking and expression, and scientific exploration and knowledge. Within each subdomain, developmental indicators for goals are provided. The document emphasizes exploring concepts through natural interactions and play rather than direct instruction. It also stresses the importance of supporting children's curiosity, questioning, problem-solving and allowing multi-sensory exploration. Strategies for infants/toddlers and preschoolers are outlined to foster skills in each cognitive domain.
Vygotsky was a contemporary of Piaget who did research in Russia during the Stalinist era. His work was declared "pseudo-science" and was not published in the West until the late 1970s. Vygotsky believed that social interaction and cultural tools are the primary drivers of cognitive development in children, unlike Piaget who thought children develop cognitively through internal processes. Vygotsky introduced concepts like the Zone of Proximal Development and scaffolding to describe how learning occurs through social interaction and guidance from others.
Play Way Method - Presentation by Satnarain SinghSatnarainSingh
Play way method is a method which envisages that all work should be done in the spirit of ‘play’.
Play way is quite different from the normal meaning of the word “play’ which is considered as a form of physical activity. Presentation by Satnarain Singh, Asst. Prof. in Special Education
The document provides guidelines for the major components of a research paper, including the paper title, abstract, introduction, related work, body, performance experiments, conclusions, future work, acknowledgments, citations, appendices, mechanics, and other components. It discusses what should be included in each section and tips for effective presentation.
Production of A Safety Helmet Using Palm Kernel Fiber And Shell Particulatesinventionjournals
Palm Kernel Fiber (PKF) with Palm Kernel Shell (PKS) particulates as filler were used as reinforcement in polymer matrix composite to investigate their suitability for the production of a safety helmet. The Palm Kernel Fiber (PKF) was initially used as the reinforcement while epoxy resin (Bisphenol-A-glycidyl) served as the matrix. Six specimen were produced having 2.5%, 5%, 7.5%, 10%, 12.5% and 15% PKF content in the composite and their mechanical properties (Tensile strength, Impact strength, Flexural strength and Hardness strength) were evaluated. The specimen having the optimum desirable mechanical properties was adopted for hybridization with the PKS as filler. Specimen D (10% PKF) with the highest impact strength of 6.62 J/mm2 , hardness of 6.9 HRF, tensile strength of 26.75 N/mm2 and flexural strength of 31.02 N/mm2 was selected and reproduced with PKS particulates as filler. The PKF and PKS were mixed in the ratio of 1% PKS - 9% PKF, 2% PKS – 8% PKF, 3% PKS – 7% PKF, 4% PKS – 6% PKF, 5% PKS – 5% PKF and 6% PKS – 4% PKF. All the mechanical tests (Impact, hardness, tensile and flexural strength) evaluated for the hybrid samples. Specimen D6 (6% PKF – 4% PKS) offered the most acceptable combination of mechanical properties; impact strength of 7.27 J/mm2 , hardness of 6.7 HRF, tensile strength of 21.55 N/mm2 and flexural strength of 34.61 N/mm2 . Since impact is the most critical property in this research, and specimen D6 offered the highest, it was adopted for the production of the sample safety helmet.
Peter Komives, director for network integration of the Global Entrepreneurship Network, on GEN Country Strategic Planning.
Presentation delivered at the Global Entrepreneurship Congress in Johannesburg, South Africa (March 2017).
Dürfen Reservierungsgebühren vom Makler beim gescheiterten Immobilienerwerb erhoben werden? Wie eindeutig ist die Rechtslage seit dem Grundsatzurteil des BGH? Darf die Kaufentscheidung durch Reservierungsgebühr beeinflusst werden?
Role of Law in Dealing with the Cyber Crime and Social Changeinventionjournals
The document discusses social change and cyber crime in relation to the role of law. It provides context on social change in Indonesia and defines it as changes in social institutions that affect values, attitudes and behaviors. Cyber crime is discussed as a new type of crime that has emerged with social changes in the digital era. The role of Law No. 11 of 2008 on Electronic Information and Transactions is analyzed as both a means of social control and social engineering to address cyber crime and regulate acceptable and prohibited online acts.
Legal Arrangements Regarding the Adoption of Children in Indonesiainventionjournals
The adoption of a child to be one way to get custody of the child. Indonesian law gives freedom to every citizen of both Indonesian citizens and foreign nationals to adopt a child to meet all the applicable procedures in order to ensure the survival of children and prevent children from the loss of the future.
Terminalia Chebula A Traditional Herbal Drug – A Short Reviewinventionjournals
The usage of medicinal plants used from ancient times to treat various diseases due to its potential medicinal applications. Terminalia chebula is one of the common herbal drugs used in traditional systems in worldwide. The review tries to focus the traditional use of Terminalia chebula as herbal drug and the importance and its impact in the medicinal applications.
A Review on the Challenges of Teaching Physical Educationinventionjournals
It is very common that teachers’ degrees are questioned about the fundamental knowledge and methods one has to hold in order to teach. This kind of reflection concerning teachers’ education requires constant research and education update so that the teachers’ social meaning can be defined. Knowing something does not mean only being informed about some field, it is necessary that they are able to utilize these pieces of information to build knowledge. Therefore, teachers and professors are mediators between the social application of information and their pupils. Some other problematic factors are added to Physical Education teaching processes, in which teaching and learning active methodologies, as well as reflexive interventions about teaching practices, are not perceived. On the other hand, it is common that health majors in general also lack a capable and well educated student body who can build their own knowledge; involvement in real transforming actions (presenting different personal point of views); multidisciplinary relations (on the contrary, it can be easily noticed a certain detachment from other knowledge areas); monitoring criteria and evaluation of the teaching and learning processes.
Language Needs Analysis for English Curriculum Validationinventionjournals
This document summarizes a study that analyzed the language needs of 349 tertiary students in Oman to validate the English curriculum. The study found that most respondents were under 19 years old and female. It also found that identifying errors skills, writing skills, correct usage, reading skills and listening skills were significantly affected by the respondents' profiles, but speaking skills and vocabulary skills were not. The document discusses the methodology used, which was a descriptive method employing purposive sampling and questionnaires. It also provides tables analyzing the respondents' profiles and language performance in areas like listening, speaking, reading, writing, vocabulary and grammar. The study aims to help curriculum designers develop an English learning process based on students' needs.
We report a case of a 7-yeas old boy with Cornea plana who presented with heavy amblyiopia due to high refractive error. Cornea plana is a genetically determined condition that can be accompanied by a range of complications and have virtually no possible treatment. The child underwent a treatment for the amblyopia with very good results, but still presents a challenge in terms of early detection of possible glaucoma.
The Factors Affecting the Development of Entrepreneurship School in Education...inventionjournals
This study aimed to identify factors involved in developing Entrepreneur school and understanding the Executive requirements of these schools in Educational system of Iran (Case Study of MAZANDARAN province). Relying on the theory of organizational entrepreneurship and data based theory (Grounded Theory) the factors effective in creating a school for entrepreneurs were identified. The population of the study in Interview section was 20 experts in the Field of educational sciences from the University of Educators, entrepreneurship teachers and school administrators and for qualitative validation were 20 faculty members of University of Educators and school administrators. The research tools were open interview and content analysis techniques .The research findings indicate that the two groups factors of inside and outside organization and 3 dimensions of personal, organizational and environmental abilities and 16 components of Features (psychological , attitude, motivational), management style, organizational ,Mental and interpersonal skills, new methods of reward, management support, Delegate, deadline, curricula system , strategic orientation, entrepreneurial culture, entrepreneurship education, space and equipments, government policies, socio-economic and cultural conditions, financial and non-financial support are effective in building this kind of entrepreneur school. Also the results of qualitative validation or questionnaire distribution in the first step have resulted to the Removal of the concepts of parental education; parental social status and evaluation system due to an average of less than 4.In the implementation of the second round questionnaire, Kendal correlation coefficient was calculated and Kendall's w = 0.705 was obtained, suggesting a strong consensus among panel members in the research.
Controversies and Navigation of Inclusive Education in the Context of Bangladeshinventionjournals
Inclusive education is one of the most important steps to promote integration of special learners in our society, yet it is not much familiar or established everywhere. Collaboration with mainstream students is a big platform to make them efficient citizen. It ensures their holistic development and flourishes their individual identity. All the children have equal right to participate and get opportunities of education together; especially these segregated groups need to be surrounded by people who will lift them higher. But practically the way is full of difficulties. Differences persist in policymaking, curriculum, classroom arrangements, teaching-learning system, evaluation, materials, teacher training and so forth. This paper tries to identify and reduce the gap between the practices of these two educational sectors. In this respect, mainstream educators and practitioners have been interviewed to know their interest, expectations and doubts about this assimilation. Besides, some successful cases have been observed closely with a purpose of bringing it in practice from the conceptual stage.
A Course-Based Qualitative Inquiry into the Potential Impact of the Bachelor ...inventionjournals
This document summarizes a qualitative study that explored how Bachelor of Child and Youth Care students may be influenced by their educational program and apply what they've learned to their own future parenting styles. The study analyzed responses from 15 students through open-ended surveys. Four major themes emerged: 1) a desire to adopt an authoritative parenting style, unlike the authoritarian styles many experienced, 2) influence from specific courses and concepts around development, abuse, and substance use, 3) a better understanding of parenting theories, and 4) increased self-reflection abilities. The results suggest the CYC program significantly impacts not only graduates' professional skills but also their personal approaches to parenting.
MeĢrutiyet Devrimi Sürecinde Ġran’da Ulemânın Rolü ve Etkisi (1906-1911)inventionjournals
Ġran'da ülke içindeki toplumsal, siyasi ve ekonomik duruma bağlı olarak güç yapısında bazı değiĢimler meydana gelmektedir. Bu değiĢimler Ġran’daki mevcut sosyal gruplar arasındaki güç dengelerini değiĢtirmektedir. MonarĢiler döneminde, siyasi bir figür olarak ġah Ġran’daki güç üzerinde tekelci bir konuma sahip olamamıĢtır, ancak yabancı hükümetlerin desteği ve iç muhalif dengelerin de yardımıyla otoritesini kurabilmiĢtir. Bu makalede Ġran’da MeĢrutiyet Devrimi (1906-1911) döneminde yaĢanan siyasi ve toplumsal değiĢimler ve din adamlarının (ulemâ sınıfı) bu değiĢimler karĢısındaki tavrı tarihi ve kültürel süreç içerisinde ulemânın sahip olduğu konumla birlikte ele alınmıĢtır. “Ġran’da MeĢrutiyet Devriminin OluĢumu” ve “MeĢrutiyet Döneminde Ġran’da Etkin Ulemâ” baĢlıkları ulemânın gücü ve toplum üzerindeki etkisi dikkate alınarak incelenmiĢtir. Bu baĢlıkların yanı sıra Ġran MeĢrutiyet Devriminin, Osmanlı Ġmparatorluğu’nun son döneminde yaĢadığı II. MeĢrutiyet Devrimiyle(1908-1913) karĢılaĢtırıldığı bir baĢlık konulmuĢ ve böylece Ġran’ın geçirdiği meĢrutiyet sürecinin daha iyi anlaĢılması sağlanmıĢtır. Yöntem olarak nitel araĢtırma tekniklerinden olan kaynak incelemesi (Türkçe ve Ġngilizce Tezler, bilimsel raporlar, akademik makaleler, kitaplar) tercih edilmiĢtir. Ġran’da yabancı güçlerin ülkeye nüfuzunu engellemek üzere ulemânın da yardımıyla 1891’de gerçekleĢen Tütün Protestosu, otoriter Kaçar ġahlarına karĢı toplumsal bir baĢarıdır. Bu baĢarı MeĢrutiyet Devrimi gibi daha radikal, politik ve kapsamlı bir hareketin oluĢmasına zemin hazırlamıĢtır. 1905 yılında baĢkentte halk ayaklanmasıyla baĢlayan bu devrim, 1908 yılından sonra ayaklanmaların, Ģiddet olaylarının artmasıyla daha çok ses getiren, baĢkent Tahran’dan diğer Ģehirlere de yayılan bir hareket niteliği kazanmıĢtır ve 1911 yılında son bulmuĢtur. Radikal Ulemâ, esnaf ve Batı tarzı modernleĢmeyi savunan seküler entelektüellerin ittifakıyla Ģekillenen MeĢrutiyet Devrimi’nde en etkin rolü üstlenmiĢ olan ulemânın kendi içinde yaĢadığı fikir ayrılıkları MeĢrutiyet sürecinin baĢarıya ulaĢmasını engelleyen unsurlardan biri olmuĢtur. Nihayetinde, Kaçar Hanedanlığının son yirmi yılındaki katı uygulamalar, BirleĢik Krallık’ın ve Rusya Ġmparatorluğu’nun Ġran’da artan nüfuzu ve ulemânın fikir ayrılıkları sebebiyle; bu devrim ve kazanımları baĢarısızlıkla sonuçlanmıĢtır.
The Debilitating Effect of Conflict on the Female Gender: The Syrian Conflict...inventionjournals
In times of war, members of the same society face very different challenges. The impact of war on someone will vary according to factors such as age, social class, and gender. What appears to have taken centre stage in the discussion of the Syrian conflict is the impact of the conflict on children and the dangers threatening their everyday lives. Children however are not the only vulnerable members of society at war. Syrian women also face extremely adverse conditions. This paper sets out to analytically x-ray the plight of women in conflict situations with particular reference to the Syrian crisis. It finds amongst other things that women are indeed the most vulnerable in war times and it recommends amongst other things that strive for the protection of the vulnerable in war times and conflict prone zones is a quest that must be sought.
Temperament and Character of Schizophrenics: A Study on Indian Populationinventionjournals
This study was attempted to explore the temperament and character of schizophrenic patients and compared with normal controls. Total 102 schizophrenic patients and 50 normal controls were included in this study. The mean age of Schizophrenic patients was 32.073( SD + 10.205) and normal controls mean age was 30.14 (SD +12.048). Temperament and Character Inventory was used to assessed personality of the Schizophrenic patients. Findings revealed that out of four temperament novelty seeking and persistence were significantly differed from normal controls. Both were found low in Patients than normals. All three Character domains were found significantly difference in comparison of both group. Self directedness and cooperativeness were found low in schizophrenia than normals. Self transcendence was found high in patients group than Controls. Findings of this study can help to understand the personality of Schizophrenic patients.
“Comparative Evaluation between Physics Forceps and Conventional Extraction F...inventionjournals
:Tooth extraction procedure, although known as a minimal traumatic procedure, some sort of trauma is subjected to underlying soft and hard tissues, resulting in immediate destruction and loss of alveolar bone. Conventional extraction forceps are designed on the principle of simple machine incorporating two first-class levers, connected with a hinge. The physics forceps are the newly invented forceps. The design of physics forceps which implements a first class lever, creep, and type of force that provides a mechanical advantage, which makes it more efficient. AIM: The aim of the present study to evaluate the efficacy between the conventional extraction forceps and physics forceps in orthodontic extraction of maxillary premolars. Patients & Methods:A total of 50 healthy patients with indicated for extraction of bilateral maxillary premolar for orthodontic reasons; split mouth design (control side, test side) in a randomized manner; were included in the present study. Results:Ease of technique, buccal cortical plate fracture, fracture of tooth or root, gingival laceration, soft tissue healing was not significant. The extraction time and bleeding associated with extraction socket were significant. Post operative days 1-4 are not significant and on day 5-7 the pain on VAS score is 0. Conclusion:The results of present study suggest that, extraction using any forceps can produce predictable results and it totally depends on surgeon’s expertise in a particular technique.
Synthetic Utility of Aza Heterocyclics: A Short Reviewinventionjournals
This document provides a short review of synthetic utility of aza heterocyclic compounds. It discusses how aza heterocycles are important structures found in many natural products and drugs. Over two-thirds of top small molecule drugs contain at least one aza heterocyclic fragment. Aza heterocycles also have applications in areas like catalysis, metabolism, dyes, agrochemicals, photo sensitizers, supramolecular chemistry, polymer chemistry, and electrochemistry. Advanced synthetic techniques like combinatorial chemistry, microwave irradiation, and ultrasonication allow for more efficient synthesis of aza heterocyclic compounds. Important five and six-membered aza heterocycles like indoles, pyrimidines, and triazoles are widely
An Phyto - Chemical Analysis of Seedless Amalaki Fruit (Emblica Officinalis) ...inventionjournals
Medicinal plants have bioactive compounds which are used for curing of various human diseases and also play an important role in healing. As Amalaki being an important medicinal herb in Ayurveda. Botanical name of Amalaki is Emblica officinalis belong to Euphorbiaceae family shows antifungal, antibacterial and anti-inflammation, anti cholesterolaemic, anti carcinogenic, anti oxidant & anti Ulcerogenic activities. The present study involve phytochemical analysis on the pulp of Emblica officinalis purchased from Gadagil vanoushada sangraha, Belgaum, Karnataka. Emblica officinalis fruits are selected and seeds are removed. Collected pulp is made to dried under shadow and powdered. The Aqueous extract, alchoholic extract of Amalaki samples were used for the phytochemical analysis to find out the phytochemical constituents . The main objective of the research work was to check the presence or absence of the phytochemical constituents in Amalaki churna. The results of the phytochemical analysis of Amalaki churna showed that the carbohydrates/glycoside, phenol, carboxylic acid, tannin, flavonoids were found to be present. The phytochemical analysis of the Amalaki is very important commercially and has great interest in pharmaceutical companies for the production of the new drugs to cure various diseases.
Human Papillomavirus Immunization completion rates increased by the use of th...inventionjournals
Human Papillomavirus is the most common sexually transmitted infection in the United States and world wide. Vaccination is a critical public health measure for lowering the risk of cervical genital and anal cancers. Overall vaccination rates in the United States are low. This study highlights the need to change practices in primary care clinics to increase Human Papillomavirus vaccination rates. The study compares vaccination rates before and after the introduction of the American Academy of Pediatrics Tool Kit and a staff training session.
Affect Of Play On Critical Thinking What Are The Perceptions Of Preservice T...Claudia Acosta
This document summarizes a study that explored the perceptions of preservice teachers regarding the impact of play on critical thinking skills in children. The study conducted interviews with two preservice teachers studying early childhood education. The interviews were transcribed and coded to identify themes. The findings suggested that the preservice teachers recognized the importance of play in cultivating critical thinking in children and agreed that children learn and construct knowledge through play. The document provides background on theories of cognitive development and critical thinking to support the study.
Holistic Assessment in Early Learning Centre: Nurturing Growth and Developmentmoeenali5423
The document discusses holistic assessment in early learning centers. It explains that holistic assessment considers children's cognitive, social, emotional, language and physical development rather than just academic achievement. Some key age-appropriate assessment methods mentioned include observation, portfolios, anecdotal records, developmental checklists and narratives. The assessments are used to create individualized learning plans with parental involvement to support each child's holistic growth.
The document discusses key concepts for teaching young learners including cognitive constructivism, social constructivism, creativity, play, multimodality, teaching materials, designing learning activities, and reflective practice. Cognitive constructivism emphasizes how children interact with their environment to construct new knowledge. Social constructivism highlights the important role of social interactions and culture in learning. Creativity, play, and multimodality are considered the three pillars of early childhood education. Reflective practice is important for teachers to analyze their performance and foster professional development.
Angel Winslow
January 28, 2020
Walden University
EP002: Plans Developmentally Appropriate Curriculum
Assessment: Work Product
Part One
Early Childhood Work Product
Effective learning especially for early childhood is one of the most vital component when comes to children development. From the assessment done, there are fundamental component which comes to be of much concern when comes to teaching young children. I understand that it is hard for managing 3-4year-old kids. But I can say the experience was good starting from the interaction of the kids and also the mode of teaching. It is one of delicate stage of development and therefore more attention are required. I can also say it is one of the craziest stage and more active. Stage of ready to learn since they are more of emulating what is being done. From the assessment, I can say that the following are indicators of effective curriculum. First is the children were active and also engaged. This was evident from the areas; literacy, maths, science, and arts. And this were evident domain such as cognitive, social, physical and empirical involvement. Secondly is that the goals which were set have been achieved. Thirdly the curriculum is evidence-based and lastly valued content especially in the learning investigation are focused and also intentional learning.
Learning standards are defined as the written and concise description of what the student are expected to know and also able to do at a specific stage of their education. In respect to learning experience in this case study. They are correlated for instance, it concludes with the goals which were earlier identified by the childhood teacher. Learning experience therefore elaborates on the following themes; subject areas which in this scenario are basic maths, art, literacy, science, arts and technology which are also appropriate learning standards to children. Secondly is the learning progress upon which each subject area is organized in accordance with grade level. Third it also take care of the education goals in which many set learning standards such as overarching and long-term education goals are able to describe the knowledge, skills and character. Lastly content whereby the set learning standards are unique and commonality from the system to system as described in the childhood teacher goals.
The language used by adults affects cognitive growth and learning in children in many subtle ways. Labeling is a powerful way to foster conceptual development. Development and early learning can be supported continuously as a child develops, and early knowledge and skills inform and influence future learning. This is important for the development of a child as it help them master things and therefore able to distinguish them effectively.
Taking competencies and oral language improvement have a sturdy effect on analyzing fulfillment. Almost all youngsters examine to talk through practice and use through the years, with li ...
Creating Developmentally and Culturally Responsive LessonsCruzIbarra161
Creating Developmentally and Culturally Responsive Lessons
1
Session Goals
Review key aspects of Piaget’s and Vygotsky’s theories
Discuss how beliefs and biases inform instructional practices
Describe Culturally Responsive Teaching (CRT) and discuss research findings related to CRT
Discuss the process of becoming culturally responsive
Discuss culturally responsive instructional strategies
Teacher performance assessment systems such as the Danielson Framework for Teaching (Danielson, 2013) highlight the need for teachers to demonstrate deep and comprehensive knowledge of their students.
Such an understanding on the part of teachers has been demonstrated to have a positive impact on student learning and behavior (Durlak, 2011).
a 2010 report published by the National Council for Accreditation of Teacher Education (NCATE) notes that “children learn best when educators are skilled in applying developmental principles effectively to maximize student academic, social, and emotional development.” (p. 15).
The report further notes that “teacher knowledge of the social, emotional, and cognitive domains, coupled with the ability to effectively apply strategies based on developmental principles, translates to increased student engagement and improved learning outcomes” (NCATE, 2010, p. 2).
National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (2007) identified key principles that they view as collectively serving to improve teaching practice by broadening teachers’ understanding of children. Among them are 1) teaching requires not only a knowledge of content, but an understanding of children (individually, culturally, and developmentally), 2) teachers must understand how children are influenced by environments outside of school, and 3) teachers must understand how socioemotional development influences learning.
2
Constructivist Theory
Cognitive Constructivism (Piaget’s Cognitive Developmental Theory )
Social Constructivism (Vygotsky’s Sociocultural Theory)
3
Cognitive Constructivism-
Piaget’s Cognitive Developmental Theory (1896-1980)
There are two major aspects to his theory: the process of coming to know and the stages we move through as we gradually acquire this ability.
4
The Process of Coming to Know- Adaptation
Adaptation (which consists of assimilation, accommodation and equilibration) is driven by a biological drive to obtain balance between schemes and the environment (equilibration).
Adaptation, cognitive growth, and discovery
5
Stages Of Development
Sensorimotor stage (birth – 2)
Preoperational stage (2 – 7)
Concrete operational stage (7 – 11)
Formal Operations (11-15 to death)
6
Piaget’s Theory: Implications for Teachers (Slavin, 2005)
A focus on the process of children’s thinking, not just its products
Recognition of the crucial role of children’s ...
Get your quality homework help now and stand out.Our professional writers are committed to excellence. We have trained the best scholars in different fields of study.Contact us now at http://www.essaysexperts.net/ and place your order at affordable price done within set deadlines.We always have someone online ready to answer all your queries and take your requests.
Preschool Educational Institutions Teaching Children to Think in Speech Growi...ijtsrd
This document discusses teaching children to think independently through speech development classes in preschool education. It covers how interactive games can be used to develop children's interest, needs, and independent thinking. The document also analyzes different methodologies and techniques used in preschool education to improve children's speech and thinking skills, such as role-playing games, movement games, and collaborative learning activities. It emphasizes that educators should focus on organizing meaningful games to help children learn and reinforce concepts in a fun way.
Issues Around Teaching Children A LanguageBishara Adam
This document discusses several key issues in teaching English to children:
1) A social constructivist focus emphasizes that language learning is a dynamic process where children construct meaning from their social experiences.
2) Values education addresses children holistically by focusing on universal values in lessons.
3) The development of metacognitive, cognitive, and social skills helps children become effective learners.
4) Lessons should integrate listening, speaking, reading, and writing through theme-based and varied activities.
5) Vocabulary and grammar are best taught through meaningful contexts with repetition over time.
6) Feedback and motivation are influenced by intrinsic/extrinsic factors, praise/criticism, and how feedback is interpreted.
Evidence suggests that developing specific core capacities from childhood can support performance in school, work, and life.
These nine “core capacities” are cornerstones of life skills. We often overlook these capacities as innate basic skills, so they are underutilized in efforts to promote child well-being and development.
But by nurturing, expanding, and modelling these capacities, children can better understand and interact with the world around them, and realise their unique potential.
Visit our research report launched 9 December 2021: unicef-irc.org/what-makes-me
IRJET- Study of Effects of Design of the Montessori Space on Child’s Cogn...IRJET Journal
This document discusses the Montessori method of education and how the design of Montessori spaces can impact a child's cognitive development. It explores how the senses, natural environment, and practical activities are important for growth. The Montessori approach provides specially designed materials to engage children in different developmental areas like physical, cognitive, and social-emotional skills. The learning environment is specially prepared with child-sized furniture and life-like materials to allow independence and mastery of real-world tasks. Colors, order, and sensory materials further aid development by refining children's perceptions.
The document discusses several resources for how teachers support children's social and emotional development. It summarizes key points from books and articles on creating caring classrooms, implementing emotion-centered curriculums, and the importance of social emotional learning. Many of the resources emphasize the role of safe, responsive environments and caring teacher-child relationships in promoting social skills, self-regulation, and reducing problem behaviors. Effective strategies discussed include morning meetings, arts integration, modeling emotions, play-based learning, and addressing the needs of the whole child.
developmental social individual factors of learner centered principleJocel Vallejo
This research paper examines developmental, social, and individual factors that influence learner-centered psychological principles. It discusses several theories of learner development, including those proposed by Piaget, Vygotsky, Erikson, and Kohlberg. These theories explore how cognitive, social, and emotional development affect learning. The paper also analyzes how individual differences like cultural background and learning styles require teachers to understand diversity and plan lessons accordingly. Overall, the research emphasizes that understanding learner development helps teachers facilitate effective learning through appropriate strategies and activities.
Activation of Cognitive Activity of Primary School Students in Mathematics Le...ijtsrd
This document discusses methods for activating the cognitive activity of primary school students in mathematics lessons. It outlines various techniques teachers can use, including problematic presentations of material, independent work, and game-based methods. The use of games is emphasized as they help concentrate students, reveal their characteristics, and make the introduction of new mathematical concepts more engaging. Specific games are described that can be used at different stages of learning, such as when explaining new material or consolidating knowledge.
The document summarizes a study that evaluated the impact of implementing the CARE framework on the social and emotional development of children aged 3-7. The study found that after using CARE for 5 weeks:
1) Parents perceived increases in children's positive interactions with parents and peers, as well as improved emotion regulation.
2) Emergent themes from interviews with parents were positive behavior modification and interplay between social and emotional development.
3) Based on the findings, an intervention program called "Brigada Pamilya" was created to further develop children's socio-emotional skills through family-focused activities.
1) The study aimed to evaluate the impact of implementing the CARE (Consistent Appreciation Recognition and Empowerment) framework on the social and emotional development of children aged 3-7.
2) Data was collected through questionnaires and interviews with 10 parents before and after using the CARE framework for 5 weeks. The study sought to identify factors contributing to social-emotional development and any changes observed after using CARE.
3) Key findings included increased positive parent-child interaction, better connection with peers, and improved emotion regulation in children. A positive behavior modification theme also emerged, showing links between social and emotional development. An intervention program was subsequently developed based on the findings.
International Journal of Humanities and Social Science Invention (IJHSSI)inventionjournals
International Journal of Humanities and Social Science Invention (IJHSSI) is an international journal intended for professionals and researchers in all fields of Humanities and Social Science. IJHSSI publishes research articles and reviews within the whole field Humanities and Social Science, new teaching methods, assessment, validation and the impact of new technologies and it will continue to provide information on the latest trends and developments in this ever-expanding subject. The publications of papers are selected through double peer reviewed to ensure originality, relevance, and readability. The articles published in our journal can be accessed online
1 Professional Educators using reflection and proble.docxsmithhedwards48727
1
Professional Educators using reflection and problem-solving to make informed ethical
decisions
School Counseling Reflection 1:
Student Development
Standard 1: Student Development
The professional school counselor utilizes his/her skills and knowledge of
student development and behavior to promote the mental health and well-being of all
students by facilitating their academic, career, and personal/social development.
Artifacts
1. Vision Boards
2. Stress Activity
3. Implementing a Culturally Responsive Strategy in the Classroom
Introduction
In order to fully understand student development, one must first understand a
child’s cognitive development. Cognitive theorist, Jean Piaget, is perhaps the most
influential researcher on child development. Piaget’s cognitive developmental theory
states that, “children actively construct knowledge as they manipulate and explore their
world” (Berk, 2013, p. 18). In his cognitive development theory, Piaget breaks down the
development into four stages: sensorimotor (birth-2 years), preoperational (2-7 years),
concrete operational (7-11 years), and formal operational (11 + years). It is important to
note that while Piaget heavily influenced research on child development, his theory has
the field divided (Berk, 2013). Another researcher of human development, Lev
2
Vygotsky, focused on sociocultural theory and how culture; the values, beliefs, customs,
and skills of a social group, is transmitted to the next generation and how these factors
also affect a child’s development (Berk, 2013). While Vygotsky agreed with Piaget that
children are active, constructive beings, Vygotsky viewed “cognitive development as a
socially mediated process, in which children depend on assistance from adults and more-
expert peers as they tackle new challenges” (Berk, 2013, p. 23). A third researcher in the
field, Urie Bronfenbrenner, developed the ecological systems theory, which views the
person “as developing within a complex system of relationships affected by multiple
levels of the surrounding environment” (Berk, 2013, p. 24). His theory is broken into
four systems: the microsystem, the mesosystem, the exosystem, and the marcosystem.
All of this is to say, it is not simply enough to know one theory and believe we
have sufficient information to be successful educators in student’s lives. Therefore, as
practicing educators and counselors, we must stay abreast of all child development
theories so we may better serve our students’ needs.
Quality Indicator 1 - : Human Growth and Development: The professional school
counselor demonstrates knowledge of human development and personality and how
these domains affect learners, and applies this knowledge in his or her work with
learners.
Students at different ages, in different stages in life, and raised in different
cultures experience life differently. For example, a student wh.
Similar to Designing learning Spaces with the Approach of Improving Children’s Creativity and Emotional Intelligence (20)
Electric vehicle and photovoltaic advanced roles in enhancing the financial p...IJECEIAES
Climate change's impact on the planet forced the United Nations and governments to promote green energies and electric transportation. The deployments of photovoltaic (PV) and electric vehicle (EV) systems gained stronger momentum due to their numerous advantages over fossil fuel types. The advantages go beyond sustainability to reach financial support and stability. The work in this paper introduces the hybrid system between PV and EV to support industrial and commercial plants. This paper covers the theoretical framework of the proposed hybrid system including the required equation to complete the cost analysis when PV and EV are present. In addition, the proposed design diagram which sets the priorities and requirements of the system is presented. The proposed approach allows setup to advance their power stability, especially during power outages. The presented information supports researchers and plant owners to complete the necessary analysis while promoting the deployment of clean energy. The result of a case study that represents a dairy milk farmer supports the theoretical works and highlights its advanced benefits to existing plants. The short return on investment of the proposed approach supports the paper's novelty approach for the sustainable electrical system. In addition, the proposed system allows for an isolated power setup without the need for a transmission line which enhances the safety of the electrical network
Using recycled concrete aggregates (RCA) for pavements is crucial to achieving sustainability. Implementing RCA for new pavement can minimize carbon footprint, conserve natural resources, reduce harmful emissions, and lower life cycle costs. Compared to natural aggregate (NA), RCA pavement has fewer comprehensive studies and sustainability assessments.
TIME DIVISION MULTIPLEXING TECHNIQUE FOR COMMUNICATION SYSTEMHODECEDSIET
Time Division Multiplexing (TDM) is a method of transmitting multiple signals over a single communication channel by dividing the signal into many segments, each having a very short duration of time. These time slots are then allocated to different data streams, allowing multiple signals to share the same transmission medium efficiently. TDM is widely used in telecommunications and data communication systems.
### How TDM Works
1. **Time Slots Allocation**: The core principle of TDM is to assign distinct time slots to each signal. During each time slot, the respective signal is transmitted, and then the process repeats cyclically. For example, if there are four signals to be transmitted, the TDM cycle will divide time into four slots, each assigned to one signal.
2. **Synchronization**: Synchronization is crucial in TDM systems to ensure that the signals are correctly aligned with their respective time slots. Both the transmitter and receiver must be synchronized to avoid any overlap or loss of data. This synchronization is typically maintained by a clock signal that ensures time slots are accurately aligned.
3. **Frame Structure**: TDM data is organized into frames, where each frame consists of a set of time slots. Each frame is repeated at regular intervals, ensuring continuous transmission of data streams. The frame structure helps in managing the data streams and maintaining the synchronization between the transmitter and receiver.
4. **Multiplexer and Demultiplexer**: At the transmitting end, a multiplexer combines multiple input signals into a single composite signal by assigning each signal to a specific time slot. At the receiving end, a demultiplexer separates the composite signal back into individual signals based on their respective time slots.
### Types of TDM
1. **Synchronous TDM**: In synchronous TDM, time slots are pre-assigned to each signal, regardless of whether the signal has data to transmit or not. This can lead to inefficiencies if some time slots remain empty due to the absence of data.
2. **Asynchronous TDM (or Statistical TDM)**: Asynchronous TDM addresses the inefficiencies of synchronous TDM by allocating time slots dynamically based on the presence of data. Time slots are assigned only when there is data to transmit, which optimizes the use of the communication channel.
### Applications of TDM
- **Telecommunications**: TDM is extensively used in telecommunication systems, such as in T1 and E1 lines, where multiple telephone calls are transmitted over a single line by assigning each call to a specific time slot.
- **Digital Audio and Video Broadcasting**: TDM is used in broadcasting systems to transmit multiple audio or video streams over a single channel, ensuring efficient use of bandwidth.
- **Computer Networks**: TDM is used in network protocols and systems to manage the transmission of data from multiple sources over a single network medium.
### Advantages of TDM
- **Efficient Use of Bandwidth**: TDM all
DEEP LEARNING FOR SMART GRID INTRUSION DETECTION: A HYBRID CNN-LSTM-BASED MODELgerogepatton
As digital technology becomes more deeply embedded in power systems, protecting the communication
networks of Smart Grids (SG) has emerged as a critical concern. Distributed Network Protocol 3 (DNP3)
represents a multi-tiered application layer protocol extensively utilized in Supervisory Control and Data
Acquisition (SCADA)-based smart grids to facilitate real-time data gathering and control functionalities.
Robust Intrusion Detection Systems (IDS) are necessary for early threat detection and mitigation because
of the interconnection of these networks, which makes them vulnerable to a variety of cyberattacks. To
solve this issue, this paper develops a hybrid Deep Learning (DL) model specifically designed for intrusion
detection in smart grids. The proposed approach is a combination of the Convolutional Neural Network
(CNN) and the Long-Short-Term Memory algorithms (LSTM). We employed a recent intrusion detection
dataset (DNP3), which focuses on unauthorized commands and Denial of Service (DoS) cyberattacks, to
train and test our model. The results of our experiments show that our CNN-LSTM method is much better
at finding smart grid intrusions than other deep learning algorithms used for classification. In addition,
our proposed approach improves accuracy, precision, recall, and F1 score, achieving a high detection
accuracy rate of 99.50%.
ACEP Magazine edition 4th launched on 05.06.2024Rahul
This document provides information about the third edition of the magazine "Sthapatya" published by the Association of Civil Engineers (Practicing) Aurangabad. It includes messages from current and past presidents of ACEP, memories and photos from past ACEP events, information on life time achievement awards given by ACEP, and a technical article on concrete maintenance, repairs and strengthening. The document highlights activities of ACEP and provides a technical educational article for members.
Redefining brain tumor segmentation: a cutting-edge convolutional neural netw...IJECEIAES
Medical image analysis has witnessed significant advancements with deep learning techniques. In the domain of brain tumor segmentation, the ability to
precisely delineate tumor boundaries from magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)
scans holds profound implications for diagnosis. This study presents an ensemble convolutional neural network (CNN) with transfer learning, integrating
the state-of-the-art Deeplabv3+ architecture with the ResNet18 backbone. The
model is rigorously trained and evaluated, exhibiting remarkable performance
metrics, including an impressive global accuracy of 99.286%, a high-class accuracy of 82.191%, a mean intersection over union (IoU) of 79.900%, a weighted
IoU of 98.620%, and a Boundary F1 (BF) score of 83.303%. Notably, a detailed comparative analysis with existing methods showcases the superiority of
our proposed model. These findings underscore the model’s competence in precise brain tumor localization, underscoring its potential to revolutionize medical
image analysis and enhance healthcare outcomes. This research paves the way
for future exploration and optimization of advanced CNN models in medical
imaging, emphasizing addressing false positives and resource efficiency.
A review on techniques and modelling methodologies used for checking electrom...nooriasukmaningtyas
The proper function of the integrated circuit (IC) in an inhibiting electromagnetic environment has always been a serious concern throughout the decades of revolution in the world of electronics, from disjunct devices to today’s integrated circuit technology, where billions of transistors are combined on a single chip. The automotive industry and smart vehicles in particular, are confronting design issues such as being prone to electromagnetic interference (EMI). Electronic control devices calculate incorrect outputs because of EMI and sensors give misleading values which can prove fatal in case of automotives. In this paper, the authors have non exhaustively tried to review research work concerned with the investigation of EMI in ICs and prediction of this EMI using various modelling methodologies and measurement setups.
Literature Review Basics and Understanding Reference Management.pptxDr Ramhari Poudyal
Three-day training on academic research focuses on analytical tools at United Technical College, supported by the University Grant Commission, Nepal. 24-26 May 2024
A SYSTEMATIC RISK ASSESSMENT APPROACH FOR SECURING THE SMART IRRIGATION SYSTEMSIJNSA Journal
The smart irrigation system represents an innovative approach to optimize water usage in agricultural and landscaping practices. The integration of cutting-edge technologies, including sensors, actuators, and data analysis, empowers this system to provide accurate monitoring and control of irrigation processes by leveraging real-time environmental conditions. The main objective of a smart irrigation system is to optimize water efficiency, minimize expenses, and foster the adoption of sustainable water management methods. This paper conducts a systematic risk assessment by exploring the key components/assets and their functionalities in the smart irrigation system. The crucial role of sensors in gathering data on soil moisture, weather patterns, and plant well-being is emphasized in this system. These sensors enable intelligent decision-making in irrigation scheduling and water distribution, leading to enhanced water efficiency and sustainable water management practices. Actuators enable automated control of irrigation devices, ensuring precise and targeted water delivery to plants. Additionally, the paper addresses the potential threat and vulnerabilities associated with smart irrigation systems. It discusses limitations of the system, such as power constraints and computational capabilities, and calculates the potential security risks. The paper suggests possible risk treatment methods for effective secure system operation. In conclusion, the paper emphasizes the significant benefits of implementing smart irrigation systems, including improved water conservation, increased crop yield, and reduced environmental impact. Additionally, based on the security analysis conducted, the paper recommends the implementation of countermeasures and security approaches to address vulnerabilities and ensure the integrity and reliability of the system. By incorporating these measures, smart irrigation technology can revolutionize water management practices in agriculture, promoting sustainability, resource efficiency, and safeguarding against potential security threats.
Presentation of IEEE Slovenia CIS (Computational Intelligence Society) Chapte...University of Maribor
Slides from talk presenting:
Aleš Zamuda: Presentation of IEEE Slovenia CIS (Computational Intelligence Society) Chapter and Networking.
Presentation at IcETRAN 2024 session:
"Inter-Society Networking Panel GRSS/MTT-S/CIS
Panel Session: Promoting Connection and Cooperation"
IEEE Slovenia GRSS
IEEE Serbia and Montenegro MTT-S
IEEE Slovenia CIS
11TH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON ELECTRICAL, ELECTRONIC AND COMPUTING ENGINEERING
3-6 June 2024, Niš, Serbia
Designing learning Spaces with the Approach of Improving Children’s Creativity and Emotional Intelligence
1. International Journal of Business and Management Invention
ISSN (Online): 2319 – 8028, ISSN (Print): 2319 – 801X
www.ijbmi.org || Volume 6 Issue 2 || February. 2017 || PP—37-43
www.ijbmi.org 37 | Page
Designing learning Spaces with the Approach of Improving
Children’s Creativity and Emotional Intelligence
Hannah Rastegar1
, Farzin Charehjoo2
1,2
Departmentof Architecture,Sanandaj Branch, Islamic Azad University,Sanandaj, Iran
Abstract:Nowadays, the increase in the population of children has caused an increased attention to the children
education and learning spaces issue. Children specific spaces are types of architecture which do not have
significant historical records and the attention of developed societies have increased regarding these
institutions during recent years. Unfortunately, these institutions in Iran do not have the required facilities for
children. Therefore, the objective of this paper is to detect the particular components in the design of learning
spaces with the approach of improving children’s creativity and emotional intelligence. The research approach
is a descriptive-analytical research and the data collection method is based on desk studies. The results of this
paper shows that the change in the shape and size of architectural spaces, designing multi-function space as
well as the relation with nature in learning spaces lead to the improvement of children’s creativity and
emotional intelligence.
Keywords: creativity, emotional intelligence, learning spaces, children.
I. Introduction
The beginning of development of many of human’s abilities occurs in childhood. The beginning of
imagination and creativity forms in the childhood as well. Freud believes that the source of creativity should be
sought in one’s childhood experiences [1]. Children are the most sensitive and the most impressible age group
of the society and they need to experience social life in their own scale in the most sensitive and the most
important years of their life, when their characteristic, mental, physical and social growth bases are being
formed to the time they enter the society, and this requires the presence of a childish and friendly space in which
the child has the opportunity to express their new thoughts and to grow their abilities. A space to provide a
suitable area for the child’s creativity [1].
Researches in recent years have examined the learning methods, emotional-cognitive aspects as well as
educational aspects among different effective factor in the creativity growth of the child. But, the impact of the
quality of architectural spaces are barely considered [2].
The researches show that children’ creativity depends on their power of imagination and imagination is
the most important factor in the improvement of creativity [3]. The research on the relationship between games
and creativity in pre-school children has shown that the stimulation of creativity has a direct relationship with
amount of time they spend playing games. Because, activeness in pre-school age is the first way of activity,
expression, learning and growth [4,5].
Game has several functions and helps the imagination in a child besides improving their skills [6].
Various researches regarding the impact of clinical environment on the improvement of creativity shows that
some of environmental factors (independently) are effective in the increase in the growth rate of creativity.
These factors include natural environmental factors [7], the shape and size of the spaces and the decorations [8].
When a child is helped to understand and manage their sharp feelings such as anger, disappointment or
mental confusion, they are actually being helped to increase their emotional intelligence. A child with high
emotional intelligence is able to make better connections with their own emotions and calm themselves down in
their emotional climaxes. It helps them to understand others better and connect with them and make it easy for
them to make stronger friendly relationships. Experts emphasize on the importance of emotional intelligence
and its role in helping children to increase their self-esteem level and responsibility, leading them to become
adults who can skillfully connect to others in the society [9]. Two main indices of “accuracy” and “efficiency”
have meaningful relationships with designing urban spaces in the theory of Salovey and Mayer which lead to
increase in the emotional intelligence. In other words, accuracy includes the recognition of emotional states and
effectiveness includes the adjustment, control and using emotions to achieve objectives such that these two
indices are of the factors that should be considered in designing urban spaces.
Since the first experiences of a child is associated with their surrounding environment, the design of
children environmental design is of great importance which in turn indicates the urgency of creating an
environment consistent with mental and physical needs of the child, stimulus of learning, fostering creativity
and mental health promoter. In the design of children environment, different factors exist that are in turn
considerably effective and considering them from environmental factors to design regulations in the design is
2. Designing Learning Spaces With The Approach Of Improving Children’s….
www.ijbmi.org 38 | Page
necessary. But, considering the extension of the subject in this paper, only the effects of artistic procedure is
studied which is less studied. In this research, the emotional intelligence improvement methods are brought in
urban spaces leading to the increase of emotional intelligence in children.
II. Designing For Children
Designing for children needs understanding the features and needs of the children which are somewhat
different than adults. Being child is a physical and mental state. The shape and size of organs are different for a
child compared to an adult. Therefore, the needs of the child and the standard space and required tools are
different. But, part of it is entirely separate from physical criteria, shape and size of the body organs and their
performance it is associated with their thoughts and morale which could play a vital and effective role in the life
of the individual [10].
Many of the environmental elements such as acoustic properties, flexibility of the classes and safety,
size, ceiling height, being ergonomic, used materials, the adjacency of safe external areas, temperature, color
and light control affect the learning space. The most important indices which are considered for the design for
children include safety, visual attractiveness, stimulation of creativity and challenging mental and physical
abilities of the children [10]. “Each project goes through a procedure and the design procedure for children
requires delicacies, deep understanding of children’s mentality, changing scales, certainty of safety and hygiene
and particularly, accentuating the children creativity. Certainly, the architecture and interior design should be
beyond mere practicality. In fact, there are responsibilities and tasks which should be carried out instead of a
young individual until the child has the ability and understanding of doing their personal tasks and learn being
away from danger” [10].
The interior architecture and designer may encourage the child to behave properly by using color,
signs, and even sounds [10]. Color could play an important role in increasing child’s intelligence, concentration,
calmness and appetite by its influence on the moods and unconsciousness. Therefore, the designer could help
making an effective connection and creating a favorable atmosphere for child’s training and growth and
development by knowing the colors and their characteristics, line, form and space. The color variety in learning
spaces and a proper combination of light and color decreases the monotonicity and passivity and affect the
performance of learners.
III. Creativity
Creativity is simply defined as the responsiveness in a new and unique manner to an issue and it is a
process which turns the ordinary and banal into original and extraordinary. Creativity is the ability of the
individual in creating ideas, theories, views or new objects and recreating in sciences and other fields which is
considered as an innovative phenomenon and is considered scientifically, technologically, aesthetically and
socially valuable.
Table1-The effective factors on creativity
Individual factors Social factors
Intelligence
Family: Warm and intimate relations, free
thinking atmosphere, encouragement, parents
as role models
Mental health: love, confidence, self-esteem,
self-confidence
School: management, facilities, educational
methods
Internal incentives (interest)
Experience and test: facilities, free will and
experience
Personal characteristics: Perseverance,
independence, tolerance for ambiguity,
diverse experiences
External incentives: accepting new and
creative ideas
Social and environmental factors play the main role in creative work. There is a strong relationship
between personal incentives and creativity. A major portion of this tendency is determined by social
environment or at least specific aspects of the environment [11].
Besides the aforementioned items, the researches show that there are relationships and overlaps
between creative procedure and game. Game and creativity have common characteristics. In fact, game is often
a part of the creative procedure. Other researches show that open environments and spaces have a great role in
the perceptions and behaviors of the child and their growth and creativity. Besides, children’s creativity depends
on their imagination power and the best time for the creativity and imagination development is between ages 2
to 50 [12].
Various researches regarding the effect of clinical environments on the improvement of creativity show
the independent effect of environmental factors on the creativity growth rate increase. According to researches,
3. Designing Learning Spaces With The Approach Of Improving Children’s….
www.ijbmi.org 39 | Page
different factors such as natural factors on the environment, shape and size of the spaces, decorations, the
stimulation of natural elements of the environment, games and participation of the child, functions flexibilities
and imagination are affected more by the environment : curiosity etc. [2] and they are naturally more curious
regarding their own environment. Children’s creativity depends on their imagination power and imagination is
the most important factor in the improvement of creativity [2]. Such that sometimes, the life of the child
oscillates between imagination and reality. Developing the imagination power in the children plays an important
role in mental growth and the development of creativity and artistic talents it could be effective in solving
problems and issues and doing creative activities and different innovations.
IV. Emotional Intelligence
Emotional intelligence means have the capability of recognizing the emotions of one’s self and others
and using this emotion properly to communicate better with one’s self and others. Anger is an emotion and
feeling and the individual who has higher emotional intelligence knows when, where, with whom and how they
should express their anger so that it would be helpful rather than being troublesome. In other words, a person
with higher EQ combines three components of emotions successfully: cognitive component, physiological
component and behavioral component. By studying the research papers of some of the scientists, it turns out that
those who have emotional intelligence can control their own and others’ emotions distinguish between positive
and negative emotions and use emotional information for guiding the thinking procedure and personal actions.
Emotional intelligence is a prevalent expression which entails an extensive set of skills and personal
characteristics which are usually called as intrapersonal and interpersonal skills which are beyond the certain
circle of the previous knowledge such as IQ and technical or professional skills [14].
V. Child’s Environment And Creativity
The creativity word is used in various fields and different meanings. For instance, as productive
thinking, invention power, imagination power, elaboration power etc. Also, various theories are presented about
it, but one can say that the most comprehensive theory is of the American scientist, Gilford. He found out by
numerous researches that the intellectual abilities of the human could not be summarized in one dimension and
called it intelligence or something like intelligence. By advanced statistical method, he found out that
intellectual abilities of humans could be divided into 150 separate factors which are individually measureable.
According to him, some of these characteristics are effective in the appearance of creativity.
Table2- The characteristics of child’s environment
Fluidity (fluency) The generation of a number of thoughts at once
Flexibility The generation of different and unconventional thoughts and
different solutions for a problem
Novelty (originality) Using unique solutions
Extension Generating details and determining implications and
applications
Combination Putting inconsistent thoughts together
Analyze Breaking symbolic structures to composing elements
Organizing changing the shape, functionality and applications of the
designs
Complexity The ability to face a number of different yet relevant
thoughts
He assumes three effective factors on the appearance of creativity. Also, on the contrary, he points out
a different type of thinking called convergent thinking which is directly related to intelligence. But, what are of
great significance are the growth contexts which are briefly studied as follows [14].
Effective factors on children’s creativity improvement
Natural environmental factors
One can increase the child’s curiosity and motivation for imagination and games by using natural
elements such as water, light, plants etc. For instance, using colorful glasses (which lead to making different
colors of light spectrum) might stimulate the child’s curiosity. In this case, the light which is a natural factor is
the motivator of the child. Also, playing with water could improve the motivation of the child. In this case,
water which is a natural factor will be the child’s motivator. Hence, the aforementioned feature is called the
stimulation of natural elements.
4. Designing Learning Spaces With The Approach Of Improving Children’s….
www.ijbmi.org 40 | Page
Game-child’s participation
This factor is related to the child’s participation (in form of games) for any change in the space such as
participation in planting plants, drawing on the wall and cooperation in changing the furniture. For instance, the
child could change the decoration of the class in the form of a game by the help of the teacher. In this case, the
change is done in the space and the child has made that change. Therefore, game-participation does not solely
mean entertainment but it means participation as well.
The flexibility of operations
The flexibility of operations means that a space could be used according to the education programs
with minor changes. For instance, a big space could be used for a performance. Another day, that space could be
divided into several spaces by moving light walls and prepare those space for different operations such as
drawing, games, storytelling and similar activities. In fact, in different times, a space is used for different
objectives and operations and it has the required flexibility.
Imagination: is related to the child’s motivation for imagination is different conditions.
Curiosity: means posing questions and trying to find their answers by the children [2].
Mental health
According to the definition of the World Health Organization, health is not only the lack of diseases or
organs but it encompasses the complete physical, mental and social welfare [15].
In general, mental health has two aspects: one is consistency with the environment and the other one is the
consistency with internal environment [15]. Therefore, as one of the applications of art is to connect the inside
and outside, it can play an effective role in mental health.
Art
Biological growth of our brain is programmed such that it completely changes with puberty. Children
have less fixed topics, therefore it is natural that their brains are more flexible and it works faster. When the
child’s brain receptive, the art creation is a proper stage which improves the imagination power to make the
connections between experience and expression. Art is the ideal scene or context in which one can experience
unimaginable facts [16].
Art therapy
One of the objectives of art therapy is to encourage children and teenagers to express their feelings,
participate actively in doing new tasks, activities and learning the way the creation is made. Art therapy is used
in two ways of prevention and mental health and treatment. In the field of treatment it is used with the objective
of emotional discharge and reaching calmness, facing self-contradictions, gaining awareness, increasing the
knowledge and adjustment. In the prevention aspect, the application of art gets more extensive and it entails the
education of normal and disabled children, increasing the self-esteem in teenagers and preventing aggressions
against them, teaching educational, social and cultural topics for the growth of individual and social character
and the formation of child’s identity and training creativity.
Wall painting
The designer should be able to respond to different needs, expectations and features of the audience
based on the information and tool that they have. One of the tools that the designers have is using the branches
of art in designing which includes wall painting, too. These wall paintings which play an important role in the
quality and characteristic of the environment could have an effective role on the growth of talents and abilities
in improvement in the child’s scientific and education level as well as improving the quality of the environment
and its consistency with the expected characteristic of the environment [17].
Children’s educational spaces in Iran e.g. kindergartens lack the appropriate design for the children. The
majority of them are founded in residential spaces and even apartments and they are transformed into a
children’s space by drawings and painting.
The effect of architecture on children
Architecture is an art which encompasses us and people are affected by it more than they could affect
it. The architecture for children has some requirements. Requirements which have direct relationship with
childish perceptions. Most of children like to gather around to achieve common objective. Children increase
their concentration in sports. Regarding the clinical effects of the environment on human’s behavior, Barkerder
believes that the clinical environment has a demanding effect. Open environments invite the children to run. If
the environment cannot meet the minimum sufficiency, that environment is disregarded or changes are made in
it or it is rebuilt. Winston Churchill says that we shape the structures and the structures force behavioral patterns
5. Designing Learning Spaces With The Approach Of Improving Children’s….
www.ijbmi.org 41 | Page
on us. Jean Piaget emphasizes on the child’s ability in understanding the world actively and he believe that the
children do not absorb the information passively, but hear and feel what they see around the, and then they
choose and interpret them.
Table3-The principles of designing children’s learning spaces
Using soft forms
Shapes such as circle, oval and other soft forms could be used
for designing classes and learning spaces and some other space
elements such as stairways, ceiling and walls.
Considering the size and scales of
spaces
Bigger and broader spaces enable the child to move, play and
participate in group activities to learn different things. But, the
size of the space should not be too big to seem unsafe and
strange to the child.
Designing multi-functional spaces
Designing spaces that have the ability of doing different
activities in them should be addressed as much as possible so
that the children could have the ability to use the available
spaces properly. For instance, the width of the corridors could be
designed to be slightly bigger than standard measures and
consider spaces for exhibiting temporary arts or shelves for
keeping children’s books and tools in the corridors.
Based on the analyses carried out in the present research, the principles of designing children’s learning
spaces which lead to the increase of curiosity, imagination and their playing motivation which are effective on
The improvements of the creativity are divided as below:
Principle 1: the combination and continuity of closed and open spaces (natural space) (based on changeability
feature of the space)
Figure1- The combination and continuity of closed and open spaces by retractable doors
Figure 1-The combination and continuity of open and closed spaces
The combination of natural open
and closed spaces
The separation of natural open
and closed spaces
6. Designing Learning Spaces With The Approach Of Improving Children’s….
www.ijbmi.org 42 | Page
Figure 2Natural open spaces among closed spaces [17]
Principle 2: designing in the form of open plans with moving walls or separating elements, so that the
children could create the needed spaces themselves with the help of their teacher (according to space
changeability and its components)
Principle 3: creating diversity using natural elements (according to the changeability of natural
elements)
Principle 4: creating games using natural elements (according to game-creation feature of natural
elements)
So far, various researches are carried out in developed countries regarding spaces specific to children.
For instance, designing the Walt Disney complex by Walt Disney with the objective of the possibility of
experiencing childish dreams and creating a happy and exciting space for stimulating the creation power of the
society which were met properly in designing Walt Disney [18].
In other researches, it is pointed out that children need spaces that they could change them partially by
employing their creativity. A space that does not provide the change of manipulation and searching for the child,
could not respond to the needs to the child. Regarding flexible spaces, it is pointed out that flexible learning
spaces that are able to be changed into a range for learning entail the exploration feeling for the children. The
key factor in designing this physical space is the ability of the children to create their own learning spaces and
not being in a space for which everything is prescribed. In such structures, two-way communications form
between the child and the environment (19).
Spatial considerations and architectural solutions according to the child’s mental and physical features
Spaces which have proper and favorable conditions for children’s physical, mental, emotional and
social growth are possible through the design of the details of spaces considering children’s behavioral patterns.
The environment has a potential ability for supplying human’s experiences and behaviors. A part of the qualities
which improve children’s learning spaces are as follows:
Safety of the environment
It is of great importance in spaces related to children, since when the child is focused on a certain issue,
they might not be aware of the dangers around them. Therefore, using appropriate materials and decreasing the
obstacles and possible dangers of the environment such as edges, bumps, walls or ceilings are of the most
important tasks that should be carried out in the architecture of children’s spaces.
Sense of belonging and attachment to the environment
- It is necessary in this matter based on the scale and dimensions of the spaces. Children conceive the
dimensions differently compared to adults.
- Designing such that it is exciting and attractive for the child
- Using natural energy resources are instructive and informative sources for the child to keep and maintain
the environment.
Children’s creativity training
Making the environment suitable for children’s creativity includes the following:
First, it makes the environment valuable. Valuable environment is an environment which provides the
requirements for searching and exploring.Second, it encourages the children to see the surroundings better to
notice the hidden pointsthird; it organizes the daily plans and activities such that it provides the conditions of
benefiting from the space and body.
7. Designing Learning Spaces With The Approach Of Improving Children’s….
www.ijbmi.org 43 | Page
I.
Green space
Increasing the comfort, mental safety and making motivations in the childcreating the context for
making the child familiar with green space and specially the green color by the season changes.stimulating the
child’s curiosity by labyrinth paths in the environment and roads which have some type of ambiguity.
Technical features
Acoustics, light, flat surface of the floor, textured walls and warm colors are other effective factor on
the attractiveness of kindergartens. Spaces with bright and happy colors and sometimes colors with unknown
forms like watercolor paintings imply dreamy topics and lead to feelings such as kindness and being dreamy in
the child.
II. Conclusion
Nowadays, many of the human communications guarantee a form and limit of zeal, creation and artistic
display. In everyday life, people interpret and enjoy artworks, make their lives meaningful by them and even
find guidance in them for their ways of life. In designing a space, art could play the role of an auxiliary tool
which is effective in the process of creativity and emotional intelligence. Considering the importance of
designing spaces specific to children in recent years, the architectural body and space could be considered as a
favorable context for the formation of activities in them for which different factors are effective on their quality.
The literature review shows that the participation of the child in group works helps the growth of creativity and
emotional intelligence in them. Also, designing multi-functional spaces such that it provides the ability of doing
different activities in them, affect the improvement of children’s participation. The child benefits from the
facilities of the environment considering their growth limitations and their eagerness for challenges increases
with encouragement. The designed space should provide the possibility of testing individual and collective
capabilities of the child so that they can find their own physical skills and use the available potentials in the
environment and explore them until the education is started.
References
[1]. Shariatmadari, ali. “Educational psychology”, 2nd
volume, Isfahan, Mash’al publication, 2006.
[2]. Shafaei, Minoo; Madani, Ramin. “The principle of designing learning spaces for children based on creativity model, Amoozesh
scientific-research-technology journal, 4th
volume, 2010.
[3]. Krippner S., Dreams and Creativity, Encyclopedia of Creativity, vol 1, San Diego, 1999, pp. 597-606.
[4]. Balke E., play and the arts: the importance of the unimportant, Childhood Education, Vol.73, No. 6, 1997, pp. 355-360.
[5]. Trevlas E., Matsouka O. and Zachopoulou E., Relationship between playfulness and motor creativity in preschool children,
Routledge, part of the Taylor & Francis Group, Early Child Development and Care , Vol. 173, No. 5, 2003, pp.535-543 .
[6]. Alexander Ch., Sara I., Murray S. and Max J., Ingrid Fiksdahl-King and Shlomo Angel, A Pattern Language, New York, Oxford
University Press, 1977, p. 368.
[7]. Mccoy M., Evans. J. and Gary W. The Potential Role ofthe Physical Environment In Fostering Creativity, Creativity Research
Journal, Vol .14, No .3, 2002.
[8]. Edwards C.P. and Springate K.W., Encouraging creativity in early childhood classrooms, ERIC Digest, Office of Educational
Research and Improvement, Washington DC, 1995.
[9]. Golman, Daniel. Emotional intelligence. Translated by NasrinParsa, Arian publication, Tehran 2010.
[10]. EhsaniMoayed, Farzane. “Designing for children” architecture art, volume 32. Tehran, 2015.
[11]. Afzalsadat, Hosseini. “The identity of creativity and the methods for training it” AstanGhodsRazavi publications, 54, 2008.
[12]. Krippner S, Dreams and creativity, Encyclopedia of creativity, vol 1, San Diego, (1999(.
[13]. Nabavi, SeyedSadegh, “Bees can be your teacher too”, (the role of art in training creativity and improving mental health of
students), school consultant, 7th
volume, number 4, 2012.
[14]. Seyf, Ali Akbar, education psychology (learning and teaching psychology), Simia publication, Tehran, 1997.
[15]. LetafatiBris, Ramin, “Mental health criteria”, Rosh moshavermadrese, Vol2., 2011.
[16]. Bartel, Marvin “the secrets of creating artistic ideas”, MahsaKhalili, Art teaching, Vol. 37, Tehran, 2009.
[17]. Bozorg, Hamide, Souri, Elham. “Investigating the application of wall painting in teaching to elementary studens”, Art
scientific-research magazine, 1st
volume, No. 1, 2013.
[18]. Finch, Christopher, Walt Disney’s art from Mickey Mouse to magical realms, Translated by MohenGhofrani, Donya’eTasvir
publications, 1st
volume, 543, 2010.
[19]. Karim, Mardomi and Delshad, Mahsa, “Flexible teaching environment, changeable educational system”, scientific, research
journal, architecture and urban development association, No. 5, 548, 2010.