1. The document discusses three scenarios involving genetic selection of human embryos. The first involves using IVF to screen for embryos without a genetic disease in the family. The second wants a child to be a bone marrow donor to save another child with cancer. The third wants a healthy and physically stunning child with musical ability. 2. It explains how advances in genomics, IVF, and genetic engineering could make "designer babies" possible by allowing manipulation of human embryos and genetic information. However, these scenarios raise ethical issues around genetic enhancement and unintended consequences. 3. The central concept is that life is programmed by DNA, which can be inherited or mutated to change physical traits and disease risk, but these are also

2. Scenarios for Discussion:
#1. A Genetic disease “runs” in my family. I want to use IVF to screen for
a baby who will NOT carry this dreaded disease. Why not?
#2. My five year old child has a deadly form of cancer and needs a bone
marrow transplant. I want to have a baby that has exactly the same rare
“tissue type” so they can be a donor and save my beautiful child.
Why not?
#3. I want to have another child. I want this child to be healthy,
physically “stunning”, and have amazing innate musical ability. Why not?

3. What Technological Advances will make “Designer Babies” Possible?
1. Genomics (understanding of how DNA “programs” life).
- DNA sequencing
- Epigenomic modification
2. In Vitro Fertilization (manipulate embryos outside of the body).
3. Genetic Engineering (engineer novel DNA information in any life form).
- artificial chromosomes

5. “The Central Dogma”

6. Life is Programmed by DNA
The Human Genome contains 3 billion base pairs:
3,000,000,000

7. CTCGAGGGGCCTAGACATTGCCCTCCAGAGAGAGCACCCAACACCCTCCAGGCTTGACCGGCCAGGGTGTCCCCTTCCTACCTTGGAGAGAGCAGCCCCAGGGCATCC
TGCAGGGGGTGCTGGGACACCAGCTGGCCTTCAAGGTCTCTGCCTCCCTCCAGCCACCCCACTACACGCTGCTGGGATCCTGGATCTCAGCTCCCTGGCCGACAACACT
GGCAAACTCCTACTCATCCACGAAGGCCCTCCTGGGCATGGTGGTCCTTCCCAGCCTGGCAGTCTGTTCCTCACACACCTTGTTAGTGCCCAGCCCCTGAGGTTGCAGC
TGGGGGTGTCTCTGAAGGGCTGTGAGCCCCCAGGAAGCCCTGGGGAAGTGCCTGCCTTGCCTCCCCCCGGCCCTGCCAGCGCCTGGCTCTGCCCTCCTACCTGGGCTC
CCCCCATCCAGCCTCCCTCCCTACACACTCCTCTCAAGGAGGCACCCATGTCCTCTCCAGCTGCCGGGCCTCAGAGCACTGTGGCGTCCTGGGGCAGCCACCGCATGTC
CTGCTGTGGCATGGCTCAGGGTGGAAAGGGCGGAAGGGAGGGGTCCTGCAGATAGCTGGTGCCCACTACCAAACCCGCTCGGGGCAGGAGAGCCAAAGGCTGGGT
GTGTGCAGAGCGGCCCCGAGAGGTTCCGAGGCTGAGGCCAGGGTGGGACATAGGGATGCGAGGGGCCGGGGCACAGGATACTCCAACCTGCCTGCCCCCATGGTCT
CATCCTCCTGCTTCTGGGACCTCCTGATCCTGCCCCTGGTGCTAAGAGGCAGGTAAGGGGCTGCAGGCAGCAGGGCTCGGAGCCCATGCCCCCTCACCATGGGTCAGG
CTGGACCTCCAGGTGCCTGTTCTGGGGAGCTGGGAGGGCCGGAGGGGTGTACCCCAGGGGCTCAGCCCAGATGACACTATGGGGGTGATGGTGTCATGGGACCTGG
CCAGGAGAGGGGAGATGGGCTCCCAGAAGAGGAGTGGGGGCTGAGAGGGTGCCTGGGGGGCCAGGACGGAGCTGGGCCAGTGCACAGCTTCCCACACCTGCCCAC
CCCCAGAGTCCTGCCGCCACCCCCAGATCACACGGAAGATGAGGTCCGAGTGGCCTGCTGAGGACTTGCTGCTTGTCCCCAGGTCCCCAGGTCATGCCCTCCTTCTGCC
ACCCTGGGGAGCTGAGGGCCTCAGCTGGGGCTGCTGTCCTAAGGCAGGGTGGGAACTAGGCAGCCAGCAGGGAGGGGACCCCTCCCTCACTCCCACTCTCCCACCCC
CACCACCTTGGCCCATCCATGGCGGCATCTTGGGCCATCCGGGACTGGGGACAGGGGTCCTGGGGACAGGGGTCCGGGGACAGGGTCCTGGGGACAGGGGTGTGG
GGACAGGGGTCTGGGGACAGGGGTGTGGGGACAGGGGTGTGGGGACAGGGGTCTGGGGACAGGGGTGTGGGGACAGGGGTCCGGGGACAGGGGTGTGGGGACA
GGGGTCTGGGGACAGGGGTGTGGGGACAGGGGTGTGGGGACAGGGGTCTGGGGACAGGGGTGTGGGGACAGGGGTCCTGGGGACAGGGGTGTGGGGACAGGG
GTGTGGGGACAGGGGTGTGGGGACAGGGGTGTGGGGACAGGGGTCCTGGGGATAGGGGTGTGGGGACAGGGGTGTGGGGACAGGGGTCCCGGGGACAGGGGTG
TGGGGACAGGGGTGTGGGGACAGGGGTCCTGGGGACAGGGGTCTGAGGACAGGGGTGTGGGCACAGGGGTCCTGGGGACAGGGGTCCTGGGGACAGGGGTCCTG
GGGACAGGGGTCTGGGGACAGCAGCGCAAAGAGCCCCGCCCTGCAGCCTCCAGCTCTCCTGGTCTAATGTGGAAAGTGGCCCAGGTGAGGGCTTTGCTCTCCTGGAG
ACATTTGCCCCCAGCTGTGAGCAGGGACAGGTCTGGCCACCGGGCCCCTGGTTAAGACTCTAATGACCCGCTGGTCCTGAGGAAGAGGTGCTGACGACCAAGGAGAT
CTTCCCACAGACCCAGCACCAGGGAAATGGTCCGGAAATTGCAGCCTCAGCCCCCAGCCATCTGCCGACCCCCCCACCCCGCCCTAATGGGCCAGGCGGCAGGGGTTG
ACAGGTAGGGGAGATGGGCTCTGAGACTATAAAGCCAGCGGGGGCCCAGCAGCCCTCAGCCCTCCAGGACAGGCTGCATCAGAAGAGGCCATCAAGCAGGTCTGTT
CCAAGGGCCTTTGCGTCAGGTGGGCTCAGGGTTCCAGGGTGGCTGGACCCCAGGCCCCAGCTCTGCAGCAGGGAGGACGTGGCTGGGCTCGTGAAGCATGTGGGGG
TGAGCCCAGGGGCCCCAAGGCAGGGCACCTGGCCTTCAGCCTGCCTCAGCCCTGCCTGTCTCCCAGATCACTGTCCTTCTGCCATGGCCCTGTGGATGCGCCTCCTGCC
CCTGCTGGCGCTGCTGGCCCTCTGGGGACCTGACCCAGCCGCAGCCTTTGTGAACCAACACCTGTGCGGCTCACACCTGGTGGAAGCTCTCTACCTAGTGTGCGGGGA
ACGAGGCTTCTTCTACACACCCAAGACCCGCCGGGAGGCAGAGGACCTGCAGGGTGAGCCAACCGCCCATTGCTGCCCCTGGCCGCCCCCAGCCACCCCCTGCTCCTG
GCGCTCCCACCCAGCATGGGCAGAAGGGGGCAGGAGGCTGCCACCCAGCAGGGGGTCAGGTGCACTTTTTTAAAAAGAAGTTCTCTTGGTCACGTCCTAAAAGTGAC
CAGCTCCCTGTGGCCCAGTCAGAATCTCAGCCTGAGGACGGTGTTGGCTTCGGCAGCCCCGAGATACATCAGAGGGTGGGCACGCTCCTCCCTCCACTCGCCCCTCAA
ACAAATGCCCCGCAGCCCATTTCTCCACCCTCATTTGATGACCGCAGATTCAAGTGTTTTGTTAAGTAAAGTCCTGGGTGACCTGGGGTCACAGGGTGCCCCACGCTGC
CTGCCTCTGGGCGAACACCCCATCACGCCCGGAGGAGGGCGTGGCTGCCTGCCTGAGTGGGCCAGACCCCTGTCGCCAGCCTCACGGCAGCTCCATAGTCAGGAGAT
GGGGAAGATGCTGGGGACAGGCCCTGGGGAGAAGTACTGGGATCACCTGTTCAGGCTCCCACTGTGACGCTGCCCCGGGGCGGGGGAAGGAGGTGGGACATGTGG
GCGTTGGGGCCTGTAGGTCCACACCCAGTGTGGGTGACCCTCCCTCTAACCTGGGTCCAGCCCGGCTGGAGATGGGTGGGAGTGCGACCTAGGGCTGGCGGGCAGG
CGGGCACTGTGTCTCCCTGACTGTGTCCTCCTGTGTCCCTCTGCCTCGCCGCTGTTCCGGAACCTGCTCTGCGCGGCACGTCCTGGCAGTGGGGCAGGTGGAGCTGGG
CGGGGGCCCTGGTGCAGGCAGCCTGCAGCCCTTGGCCCTGGAGGGGTCCCTGCAGAAGCGTGGCATTGTGGAACAATGCTGTACCAGCATCTGCTCCCTCTACCAGCT
GGAGAACTACTGCAACTAGACGCAGCCTGCAGGCAGCCCCACACCCGCCGCCTCCTGCACCGAGAGAGATGGAATAAAGCCCTTGAACCAGCCCTGCTGTGCCGTCTG
TGTGTCTTGGGGGCCCTGGGCCAAGCCCCACTTCCCGGCACTGTTGTGAGCCCCTCCCAGCTCTCTCCACGCTCTCTGGGTGCCCACAGGTGCCAACGCCAGGCAGGCC
CAGCATGCAGTGGCTCTCCCCAAAGCGGCCATGCCTGTTGGCTGCCTGCTGCCCCCACCCTGTGGCTCAGGGTCCAGTATGGGAGCTTCGGGGGTCTCTGAGGGGCCA
GGGATGGTGGGGCCACTGAGAAGTGACTCTGTCAGTAGCCGACCTGGAGTCCCCAGAGACCTTGTTCAGGAAAGGGAATGAGAACATTCCAGCAATTTTCCCCCCACC
TAGCCCTCCCAGGTTCTATTTTTAGAGTTATTTCTGATGGAGTCCCTGTGGAGGGAGGAGGCTGGGCTGAGGGAGGGGGTCCTGCAGGGCGGGGGGCTGGGAAGGT
GGGGAGAGGCTGCCGAGAGCCACCCGCTATCCCCAGCTCTGGGCAGCCCCGGGACAGTCACACACCCTGGCCTCGCGGCCCAAGCTGGCAGCCGTCTGCAGCCACAG
CTTATGCCAGCCCAGGTCCAGCCAGACACCTGAGGGACCCACTGGTGCCTTGGAGGAAGCAGGAGAGGTCAGATGGCACCATGAGCTGGGGCAGGTGCAGGGACCG
TGG

8. Genomics

9. Inheritance of Genetic Disease (eg. Sickle Cell Anemia)

10. (Mutations change the Genotype)
Genotype  Phenotype (Expressed Trait)

13. Normal Human Karyotype
(female)

14. Scenarios for Discussion:
#1. A Genetic disease “runs” in my family. I want to use IVF to screen for
a baby who will NOT carry this dreaded disease. Why not?
#2. My five year old child has a deadly form of cancer and needs a bone
marrow transplant. I want to have a baby that has exactly the same rare
“tissue type” so they can be a donor and save my beautiful child.
Why not?
#3. I want to have another child. I want this child to be healthy,
physically “stunning”, and have amazing innate musical ability. Why not?

15. http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/science-environment-24398312

16. “Savior Sister”

17. Scenarios for Discussion:
#1. A Genetic disease “runs” in my family. I want to use IVF to screen for
a baby who will NOT carry this dreaded disease. Why not?
#2. My five year old child has a deadly form of cancer and needs a bone
marrow transplant. I want to have a baby that has exactly the same rare
“tissue type” so they can be a donor and save my beautiful child.
Why not?
#3. I want to have another child. I want this child to be healthy,
physically “stunning”, and have amazing innate musical ability. Why not?

19. Phenotypes: Aging
(114 vs 15 years)
Complex “multifactorial” trait versus a
single change in one gene.
Hutchinson-Gilford Progeria syndrome

20. Genetic Diversity

21. A Normal Distribution

22. Broad Sense Heritability:
How we measure the genetic contribution to complex traits in humans.
H2 = S2 Genotypic = S2 Genotypic
S2 Total Phenotypic S2 Genotypic + S2 Environmental
Human Trait H2
Longevity 29
Height 85
Weight 63
Max Heart Rate 84
Verbal Ability 63
Mathematical Ability 76
Temperament Index 58
Human Twin Studies

23. Beethoven the “Genius”

24. Genetic Engineering

25. Cloning Technology
“Dolly”

26. Scenarios for Discussion:
#1. A Genetic disease “runs” in my family. I want to use IVF to screen for
a baby who will NOT carry this dreaded disease. Why not?
#2. My five year old child has a deadly form of cancer and needs a bone
marrow transplant. I want to have a baby that has exactly the same rare
“tissue type” so they can be a donor and save my beautiful child.
Why not?
#3. I want to have another child. I want this child to be healthy,
physically “stunning”, and have amazing innate musical ability. Why not?