This document discusses the history and architecture of 3D game engines. It covers engines from id Software like RAGE and id Tech, as well as Unreal Engine. It describes the core components of a 3D game engine including scene management, rendering modules, and material systems. It also discusses cross-platform solutions, techniques for minimizing draw calls, and specific technologies like parallel-split shadow maps and deferred rendering. The presentation concludes with a discussion of Unity and questions from the audience.

1. Senior software engineer
穆道聖
2012.1.4
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2.  About Me
 History of 3D Game Engine
 Game Platforms
 3D Engine Architecture
 Cross-platform Solution
 Discussion
 Q&A
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3.  Development experience in 3D cross-
platform engine
 PC
 PSP
 Web
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4.  Why we need game engine?
 Reusability
 Accumulate existing know-how
 High production
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5.  RAGE
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6.  id Software
 John Romero
 John Carmack
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7.  id Software
 John Romero
 John Carmack
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8.  id Software
 SoftDisk
▪ Port games from Apple to PC
▪ PC ver. Mario
 Founded id Software in 1991. 2 .1
 Apogee
▪ Commander Keen
▪ Wolfenstein 3D: texture mapping, perspective
projection, raycasting
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9.  Mid-1990s: Id tech engine series
 id Tech 1 – Doom, Doom II
▪ BSP
▪ PVS
▪ LAN, Deathmatch
 id Tech 2 – Quake, Quake II, Half-Life
▪ 3Dfx Voodoo, OpenGL
▪ Colored lighting
▪ Lightmap
▪ WAN
 id Tech 3 – Quake III, COD
▪ Fixed-function shader script
▪ Dynamic shadow
▪ Bot
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10.  id Tech 4 – Doom III, Quake IV
▪ C++ based
▪ Physics
▪ Shader model
▪ Per-pixel lighting
▪ Bump mapping
▪ Skeletal animation
 id Tech 5
▪ Mega texture
▪ Parallax mapping
▪ Motion blur, bloom
 id Tech 6…
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13.  Unreal Engine: 1998
 Unreal Engine 1
▪ Object-oriented
▪ Real-time, visual toolset
▪ Script language
▪ Last major software
 Unreal Engine 2
▪ PS2, Xbox, PC, DirectX7
▪ Single thread
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14.  Unreal Engine: 1998
 Unreal Engine 3
▪ HDRR, per-pixel lighting and dynamic shadows
▪ Windows, Xbox 360, PlayStation 3, Linux, Mac OS X, iOS,
Android, and Adobe Flash Player 11
▪ DirectX9
▪ Multithreading
▪ Advance physics
▪ Virtual tools
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16. • PS3
Console • XBOX 360
• Wii
• Windows
Desktop • Linux
• Mac OSX
• NDS, N3DS
Handheld • PSP, Vita
Device • iPhone/iPad
• Android devices
• IE: ActiveX
Web
Browser • Chrome, Firefox,
Safari…: NPAPI
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18. Target platform?
Tools pipeline?
Programming language?
Game design?
Reach or Rich?
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19. Decide
Scene Render Material
model Draw surface
management module system
format
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21.  As possible as minimize draw surface
 View frustum culling
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22.  As possible as minimize draw surface
 Tree hierarchy
▪ BSP
▪ Quad-Tree
▪ Oct-Tree
▪ KD-Tree
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24.  As possible as minimize draw surface
 Preprocess visibility determination
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25. 25

26.  As possible as minimize draw surface
 Preprocess visibility determination
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27. Vertex Index
buffer buffer
Material
• Texture Execute
• Render state draw call
• Shader
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28.  Different platform provides different render
API
 DirectX
 OpenGL
 OpenGL ES
 Customized API
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29.  Call of Duty: Modern Warfare 3
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30.  Core technology of Graphics
 Lighting
 Shadow
 Texturing
 Skin animation
 etc…
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31.  Algorithm
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32.  Artifact Resolution
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33.  Parallel-Split Shadow Maps
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34.  Parallel-Split Shadow Maps
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38.  Deferred Rendering
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43. Platform
Non-platform-dependency codes dependency
codes
Abstract
layer
Software
Scene
Render Layer Game Logic development
Manager
kit
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44.  Unity
 Microsoft Windows , Mac OS X, Xbox 360,
PlayStation 3, Wii, iPad, iPhone, Android, Web
browser
 Future: Flash, Google Native Client, Linux, Roku2
 5000 USD
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46.  Tools pipeline
 Engine development cost
 What is your product
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47. Thank you for attending
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