The document describes a proposed safety and surveillance system for underground coal mines using low power wireless sensor networks (WSNs). The system would use sensors to monitor temperature, humidity, methane levels, and the number of personnel. If sensor readings exceed safety thresholds, the system would activate alarms and send urgent messages via Bluetooth to a ground control terminal to warn of dangerous conditions. The proposed system aims to improve safety monitoring and reduce accidents in underground coal mines through automatic detection and alerts.

1. A Presentation By
Mohd Faiz
Design of safety andsurveillance system
for undergroundcoal mines using low power
WSN

2. Contents
• Introduction
• Objective of project
• Principle
• Block diagram
• Components
• Working
• Advantages
• Conclusion

3. Introduction
The project is about to life
saving of labor who work in the mines.
There is coal or copper other mines
lots of major accident occurs during
mining and sometimes its very
dangerous and people who works in it
they lost there lives so we create a
device or a system which is used to
save their lives. The system consist of
some sensor and transformer and
relays and the most important is low
power WSN i.e. Bluetooth.

4. Objective
The main purpose was to provide an
implementable design scenario for underground coal
mines using wireless sensor networks (WSNs). The
main reason being that given the intricacies in the
physical structure of a coal mine, only low power WSN
nodes can produce accurate surveillance and accident
detection data. The work mainly concentrated on
designing and simulating various alternate scenarios
for a typical mine and comparing them based on the
obtained results to arrive at a final design.

5. Principle
In the Era of embedded technology, the
Bluetooth protocols are used in more and more
applications. Because of the rapid development of
sensors, microcontrollers, and network technology, a
reliable technological condition has been provided for
our automatic real-time monitoring of coal mine. The
underground system collects temperature, humidity
and methane values of coal mine through sensor
nodes in the mine; it also collects the number of
personnel inside the mine with the help of an IR
sensor, and then transmits the data to information
processing terminal based on ARM.

6. Block diagram
BLUETOOTH
MODULE
SMOKE
SENSOR
LDR
PIC16F72
BULB

7. Components
1. Power supply
2. Microcontroller PIC16F72

8. 3. Max 232 IC
4. Relay
5. Crystal oscillator
6. LCD 16*2

9. 7. Transformer
8. Bluetooth module HC05
9. Transistor BC547

10. 10. Gas sensor
11. LDR
12. Temperature Sensor

11. Working
The circuit has a sensor module consisting of
some sensors that measures real-time underground
parameters like temperature, light and gas
concentration. Gas concentration is meant for the
harmful gases like methane and carbon-monoxide. A
microcontroller is used with the sensors to receive the
sensor outputs and to take the necessary decision.

12. Working
Bluetooth

13. Once temperature is more than the safety level
pre-programmed at microcontroller, microcontroller
decodes beep alarms through the headset speaker
connected with controller once the measured light value
is lower than the safety level pre-programmed at
microcontroller; it decodes the signal and activate the
bulb . Similarly when gas concentration crosses the
safety level, microcontroller decodes the signal and
activate dc fan.
Continued

14. Different sensors values are displayed in the LCD of
mine workers section. A voice announcement is given
when the sensor levels exceed the threshold levels. In
all such cases, this will send an alarm through an urgent
message and alarm sound to the ground control terminal
through Bluetooth. In control station the information is
received by Bluetooth transceiver and the status of the
sensors is monitored in the PC.
Continued

15. ADVANTAGES
&
APPLICATION
1. Provide more safety for the mine workers.
2. Automatic alert system in the nuclear industries.
3. Probability of faults are less.
4. Can be used in coal mines.
5. Can be used in underground floor safety.

16. Conclusion
This system not only can monitor all kinds of
parameters under the coal mine, but also can alarm
automatically when environment parameters are
abnormal to exceed the limitation, which help improve the
level of monitoring safety production and reduce accident
in the coal mine.

17. Thank
you

18. ANY QUERIES