5. 4th order
Complex systems
and environments
3rd order
Activities and
organized services
2nd order
Material objects
1st order
Symbolic and
visual
communications
Richard Buchanan:
Four orders
of design
Local objects
Distributed objects
19. Maglio, Vargo, Caswell and Spohrer:
Service Systems
Entities (people, orgs) and resources
(materials, information, tech)
connected to enable value propositions
Lusch and Vargo:
Service Ecosystems
Purposeful
institutional arrangements
institutions—humanly devised rules, norms, and beliefs that enable and
constrain action and make social life predictable and meaningful
30. Values
Platforms Services
What types of positive values do
we want to promote?
How do the actors
collaborate and share
resources to enable the
services?
What are the core and
complementary
services that are
provided by the
platform?
Core components of positive platforms
31. Enhancing the
Platform-Worker
relationship
Envisioning new ways
to Funding, Ownership
and Governance
Generating &
Measuring Trans-
formative Outcomes
Ensuring Transparency
and Fairness on
Platforms
KC1 KC2 KC3 KC4
Paths for upskilling Inclusive decision making Measuring transformative
impact
Data Ownership and
portable identities
Fair income Value distribution and
value creation
Policymaking Algorithmic transparency
Inclusion Workers and
shareholders
Positive community
impact
Elimination of bias
Continuous feedback Cooperative models
Key Challenges and Themes