After the recent episodes of earthquake in Sabah, we feel the need to research into seismic design consideration for new structures in Sabah. http://whgsabah.com

1. DESIGN CONSIDERATIONS
for Seismic Resistant Structures in
Sabah
Briefing prepared by:
Ir. Simon SK GOH & Team
WANG HARON & GOH SDN. BHD.
http://whgsabah.com Fb.com/whgsabah

2. INTRODUCTIO
N
12/01/15
GEOLOGY
Sabah Fault Lines
nearest to Kota
Kinabalu
About 58 km away at
the
Ranau/Kundasang
area
The red lines denote the
active Fault lines

3. FREQUENCY OF SEISMIC ACTIVITY
First recorded in 1966 at a magnitude of 5.3 on the Richter scale in Ranau
1976 at a magnitude of 5.8 on the Richter scale in Lahad Datu
Last recorded in 1991 at a 5.4 magnitude tremor in the same area in Ranau
Recently, two active faults have been recognized at Ranau/Kundasang area
–Lobou-Lobou Fault, left-lateral strike-slip, trending N20oE
–Mensaban Faults, normal-oblique, striking WNW-ESE

4. EARTHQUAKE INTENSITY SCALE
Richter Scale (Magnitude) Modified Mercalli Intensity (MMI)
1.0 – 3.0 I
3.0- 3.9 II- III
4.0- 4.9 IV - V
5.0- 5.9 V-VI
6.0- 6.9 VI-VII
7.0- 7.9 VII- VIII
8.0 or Higher VIII or Higher
I = Not Felt
II- III = Weak
VI= Strong
VII = Very Strong
IV= Light
V = Moderate
VIII = Destructive

5. I = Not Felt
II- III = Weak
IV = Light
V = Moderate
VI = Strong
VII = Very Strong
VIII = Destructive
Mercalli Intensity scale (MMI)

6. FACTORS AFFECTING SEISMIC DESIGN
FORCES
• Ground acceleration
• Epicenter distance from a fault
• Site Geology
• Types of lateral load resisting system of structures

7. BASIC PRINCIPLES OF SEISMIC DESIGN
1. Structural Simplicity
2. Uniformity, Symmetry and Redundancy
3. Bi-directional Resistance and Stiffness torsional
resistance and stiffness
4. Diaphragmatic Behavior
5. Adequate Foundation

8. SEISMIC RESISTANCE DESIGN CODES
1. Design to EuroCode (EC8) based on ground conditions type and
seismic action zoning
2. Increase dead and imposed loads by 20% to allow for vertical
movement
3. Increase Horizontal notional load from basic 1.5%g (deadweight)
4. Base Isolation System

9. COST IMPLICATION
1. Bigger columns / Shear wall
2. Increase in reinforcement
3. Foundation and Additional Tie-beams and foundation slab
4. Detailing for local ductility
5. Panel Walls, Finishes and ornaments to be permanently
attached to the frame

10. RECENT EARTHQUAKE FACTS
Date: 5 June 2015 (Friday)
Origin time 07:15:43 MST
Duration: 30 seconds
Magnitude: 6.0 (Mw) (USGS)
5.9 (Mw) (MetMalaysia)
Depth 10.0 km (6.2 mi)
Epicentre 5.980°N 116.525°E

11. RECENT EARTHQUAKE FACTS
12/01/15
Areas affected: West Coast & Interior Division (Mount
Kinabalu area), Sabah, East Malaysia
Total damage: Building and infrastructure damage,
landslides & geological changes
Max. intensity: VII (Very Strong)

12. RECENT EARTHQUAKE FACTS
12/01/15
EPICENTRE:
KOTA KINABALU:

13. DO WE DESIGN FOR SEISMIC RESISTANCE?
1. “National Annex MS EN Standard EuroCode 1998 on Earthquake” –
scheduled to be ready middle 2015?? When will it be adopted?
2. 11th
June, 2015 – Newspaper reported IEM is working with SIRIM to
develop a standard for Earthquake Resistant Buildings in Sabah Based on
(Peak Ground Acceleration) PGA of 0.05g calculated for Kota Kinabalu based on 5Jun
Quake
3. Malaysia is within low and moderate seismic region.

14. DO WE DESIGN FOR SEISMIC RESISTANCE?
4. What are the parameters to be
considered to Seismic Design ?
a. Sub – Soil Profile
b. Peak Ground Acceleration (PGA)
c. Importance Classes for Buildings
d. Elastic Response Spectra
e. Frequency Content of the Motion

15. DESIGN CONSIDERATIONS for
Seismic Resistant Structures in Sabah
Briefing prepared by:
Ir. Simon SK GOH & Team
WANG HARON & GOH SDN. BHD.
http://whgsabah.com Fb.com/whgsabah
Thank you