Solar Photovoltaic panel based street lighting systems are becoming more common these days. But the limitation with these ordinary street light systems is that it lacks intelligent performance. It is very essential to automate the system so that we can conserve energy as well as to maximize the efficiency of the system. In this paper a new method is suggested so as to maximize the efficiency of the street lighting system and to conserve the energy usage the LED lights sensors. Here automation of street lights is done by LDR sensor. Intensity of led street lights can be controlled by IR sensor and pulse width modulation.
In this paper, we are going to discuss the streetlight system
and the accident avoidance system which may help society to
reduce the number of accidents which is usually happening in
u-turns and also with the help of IOT based smart street
lights, we can reduce the energy consumption. Streetlights
play an important role in cities which means to avoid
accidents, secure roads and provide better vision since
evening to morning. As the world is ready to accept the
technology, we need to upgrade that street light system which
will reduce the energy consumptions and save energy. Also
one of the major problems happens in cities is accidents, so
we are applying IR mechanism to avoid the accidents that
usually happens in u-turns. As our goal is to save energy, so
we are using LEDs which is directional light source it can
emit light in a specific direction thereby optimizing the
efficiency of streetlights. The IR sensors detect the objects and
set the intensity of LEDs to high for some time. The work has
achieved better performance and reduces energy consumption
as compared to the current system.
In this project, the data can be transmitted to and received from remote Zigbee communication device. Data Security is primary concern for every communication system.
In this present days in every rural areas developed but in the urban areas like hilly areas there is major problem facing.so to modify that type of problems we are introducing this project.
Smart street light system
1. SMART STREET LIGHT SYSTEM Design Report Kuriakose Mathew Libin Thomas Midhun Shaji
2. PROBLEM STATEMENT Automatic switching of street lights considering the intensity of sunlight, brightness control of lights on detecting movement and error reporting to electric sub sections.
3. PROJECT SCOPE/OBJECTIVE Smart street light system tries to find solution for the faster depletion of energy resources due to the inefficient usage and wastage of these resources. Increasing electricity bill is something that can be witnessed by these practices. This project help to decrease the wastage of electricity by controlling the working of street light system that attributes to a good amount of electricity bills in our nation This project does not include methods to incorporate usage of renewable resources like solar energy.
4. DESIGN AND IMPLEMENTATION CONSTRAINTS Constraints are mainly in the module that regulate the brightness of the light by considering the traffic on the street at a specific time. Infrared proximity sensors are costly and at the same time maximum distance to which the sensor can sense is limited to 1 metre, which may not be sufficient for a 45 metre road.
5. DEVELOPMENT METHOD This project include three modules, the sunlight sensing and control of onoff of the lights, the traffic sensing and brightness control, error reporting system. Microcontroller used is arduino uno r3 atmega 328p ,which has to be programmed for the three tasks. Inputs for the same come from the three sensors.output include instruction to onoff the control sytems.
6. SYSTEM OVERVIEW
7. SYSTEM FEATURES/USE CASES System for controlling onoff of lights Use Case Description Sunlight intensity less than 250 lux Sunlight intensity grater than 250 lux Flow of events If the intensity is less than 250 then switch on the lights Else switch off the light
8. Illuminance Example 120,000 lux Brightest sunlight 110,000 lux Bright sunlight 20,000 lux Shade illuminated by entire clear blue sky, midday 1,000 - 2,000 lux Typical overcast day, midday <200 lux Extreme of darkest storm clouds, midday 400 lux Sunrise or sunset on a clear day (ambient illumination). 40 lux Fully overcast, sunset/sunrise <1 lux Extreme of darkest storm clouds, sunset/rise
9. FOR COMPARISON, NIGHTTIME ILLUMINANCE LEVELS ARE: Illuminance Example <1 lux Moonlight[3] 0.25 lux Full Moon on a clear night[4][5] 0.01 lux Quarter Moon 0.002 lux Starlight clear moonless night sky including airglow[4] 0.0002 lux Starlight clear moonless night sky excluding airglow[4] 0.00014 lux Venus at brightest[4] 0.0001 lux Starlight overcast moonless night sky[4]
10. BRIGHTNESS CONTROL ON SENSING TRAFFIC Use Case Description Movement detected Flow of events If there is any movement detected by the infrared proximity sensor then increase the brightness by controlling voltage from 110v to 220v Continue this for next 5 minutes then resume the previous state
11. SYSTEM ARCHITECTURE
STREET LIGHT GLOWS ON DETECTING THE VEHICLE MOVEMENT USING ARDUINO UNOIAEME Publication
This paper proposes how street light can be controlled in the presence or absence
of vehicle to reduce the wastage of energy. The proposed work is accomplished by
using Arduino UNO and sensors that will control the electricity based on night and
object's detection. Meanwhile, a counter is set that will count the number of objects
passed through the road. The beauty of the proposed work is that the wastage of
unused electricity can be reduced. The aim of this project is to design a street light
control system using Arduino UNO, which automatically turns on or off the street
lights by detecting the movement of vehicles. The working of the project is explained
here. When there is not any vehicle in front of the IR sensor module, the receiver can’t
get any infrared signal So the circuit remain in open loop condition and the lights are
in off condition. When there is any vehicle in front of the IR sensor module, the
receiver get the infrared signal. So the circuit is in close loop condition and the lights
are in on condition with respect to the IR module. If the car blocks the first IR sensor,
the first three LEDs are turned ON by the microcontroller. As the car moves forward
and blocks the second IR sensor, the corresponding next three LEDs will be turned
ON and the first LED of the previous set is turned OFF. The process continues this
way for all the IR Sensors and LEDs.
In this paper, we are going to discuss the streetlight system
and the accident avoidance system which may help society to
reduce the number of accidents which is usually happening in
u-turns and also with the help of IOT based smart street
lights, we can reduce the energy consumption. Streetlights
play an important role in cities which means to avoid
accidents, secure roads and provide better vision since
evening to morning. As the world is ready to accept the
technology, we need to upgrade that street light system which
will reduce the energy consumptions and save energy. Also
one of the major problems happens in cities is accidents, so
we are applying IR mechanism to avoid the accidents that
usually happens in u-turns. As our goal is to save energy, so
we are using LEDs which is directional light source it can
emit light in a specific direction thereby optimizing the
efficiency of streetlights. The IR sensors detect the objects and
set the intensity of LEDs to high for some time. The work has
achieved better performance and reduces energy consumption
as compared to the current system.
In this project, the data can be transmitted to and received from remote Zigbee communication device. Data Security is primary concern for every communication system.
In this present days in every rural areas developed but in the urban areas like hilly areas there is major problem facing.so to modify that type of problems we are introducing this project.
Smart street light system
1. SMART STREET LIGHT SYSTEM Design Report Kuriakose Mathew Libin Thomas Midhun Shaji
2. PROBLEM STATEMENT Automatic switching of street lights considering the intensity of sunlight, brightness control of lights on detecting movement and error reporting to electric sub sections.
3. PROJECT SCOPE/OBJECTIVE Smart street light system tries to find solution for the faster depletion of energy resources due to the inefficient usage and wastage of these resources. Increasing electricity bill is something that can be witnessed by these practices. This project help to decrease the wastage of electricity by controlling the working of street light system that attributes to a good amount of electricity bills in our nation This project does not include methods to incorporate usage of renewable resources like solar energy.
4. DESIGN AND IMPLEMENTATION CONSTRAINTS Constraints are mainly in the module that regulate the brightness of the light by considering the traffic on the street at a specific time. Infrared proximity sensors are costly and at the same time maximum distance to which the sensor can sense is limited to 1 metre, which may not be sufficient for a 45 metre road.
5. DEVELOPMENT METHOD This project include three modules, the sunlight sensing and control of onoff of the lights, the traffic sensing and brightness control, error reporting system. Microcontroller used is arduino uno r3 atmega 328p ,which has to be programmed for the three tasks. Inputs for the same come from the three sensors.output include instruction to onoff the control sytems.
6. SYSTEM OVERVIEW
7. SYSTEM FEATURES/USE CASES System for controlling onoff of lights Use Case Description Sunlight intensity less than 250 lux Sunlight intensity grater than 250 lux Flow of events If the intensity is less than 250 then switch on the lights Else switch off the light
8. Illuminance Example 120,000 lux Brightest sunlight 110,000 lux Bright sunlight 20,000 lux Shade illuminated by entire clear blue sky, midday 1,000 - 2,000 lux Typical overcast day, midday <200 lux Extreme of darkest storm clouds, midday 400 lux Sunrise or sunset on a clear day (ambient illumination). 40 lux Fully overcast, sunset/sunrise <1 lux Extreme of darkest storm clouds, sunset/rise
9. FOR COMPARISON, NIGHTTIME ILLUMINANCE LEVELS ARE: Illuminance Example <1 lux Moonlight[3] 0.25 lux Full Moon on a clear night[4][5] 0.01 lux Quarter Moon 0.002 lux Starlight clear moonless night sky including airglow[4] 0.0002 lux Starlight clear moonless night sky excluding airglow[4] 0.00014 lux Venus at brightest[4] 0.0001 lux Starlight overcast moonless night sky[4]
10. BRIGHTNESS CONTROL ON SENSING TRAFFIC Use Case Description Movement detected Flow of events If there is any movement detected by the infrared proximity sensor then increase the brightness by controlling voltage from 110v to 220v Continue this for next 5 minutes then resume the previous state
11. SYSTEM ARCHITECTURE
STREET LIGHT GLOWS ON DETECTING THE VEHICLE MOVEMENT USING ARDUINO UNOIAEME Publication
This paper proposes how street light can be controlled in the presence or absence
of vehicle to reduce the wastage of energy. The proposed work is accomplished by
using Arduino UNO and sensors that will control the electricity based on night and
object's detection. Meanwhile, a counter is set that will count the number of objects
passed through the road. The beauty of the proposed work is that the wastage of
unused electricity can be reduced. The aim of this project is to design a street light
control system using Arduino UNO, which automatically turns on or off the street
lights by detecting the movement of vehicles. The working of the project is explained
here. When there is not any vehicle in front of the IR sensor module, the receiver can’t
get any infrared signal So the circuit remain in open loop condition and the lights are
in off condition. When there is any vehicle in front of the IR sensor module, the
receiver get the infrared signal. So the circuit is in close loop condition and the lights
are in on condition with respect to the IR module. If the car blocks the first IR sensor,
the first three LEDs are turned ON by the microcontroller. As the car moves forward
and blocks the second IR sensor, the corresponding next three LEDs will be turned
ON and the first LED of the previous set is turned OFF. The process continues this
way for all the IR Sensors and LEDs.
Automatic solar LED street light automation by using RTC and I2C protocols d...PRASHANTH RAO
This project will work without human interfacing and it will use natural resources .Here using solar panel.This panel converting solar energy to electrical energy.In this project the street light do automatically on and off based given program. here we have to fix the on and off time .when real time reaches to given on time then street lights on automatically.when real time reaches to off time. The street light automatically will off.
Linda Drabik - Energy harvesting for IoTWithTheBest
As sensors and actuators are deployed in increasing numbers across greater distances, autonomous devices will become more ubiquitous. For systems that require longer life than a primary battery can deliver, Energy Harvesting offers a promising solution.
Energy Harvesting (EH) is the process by which ambient energy is captured from one or more energy sources and stored for later use. It enables autonomous sensors or switches to perpetually run with little to no maintenance, eliminating the need for connection to an electric grid and overcoming limitations of a battery-only power source with limited energy storage.
While the cost of buying and disposing batteries is a significant consideration, it’s the operational drain of maintenance that makes Energy Harvesting a particularly attractive solution for IoT.
In this presentation:
- Energy Harvesting solutions, including those that convert sources such as light, vibration, and heat into electricity (solar cells, piezoelectric devices, and thermoelectric generators).
- Key considerations for an Energy Harvesting terminal, including optimal capacitor size.
Linda Brabik, Founder/Organizer, IoT NY Meetup
smart street light detector based on sensors. This is basically designed to reduce the power consumption of the street light. And help out to conserve more and more energy.
An Efficient Algorithm for Edge Detection of Corroded SurfaceIJERA Editor
Inspection process in industrial applications plays a vital role as it directly hinders the outages of industry. Thereby the inspection especially in case of corroded surfaces is to be fast, precised and accurate. Visual inspection has been very liable to mistakes because of numerous facts. The automatic inspection systems remove subjective aspects and can provide fast and accurate inspection. Inspection of corroded surfaces is very important concern, thus it is required to detect corroded surfaces. A new algorithm is developed by certain changes in mask and thresholding selection to detect corroded surfaces. The paper is about how we can amend the weak edges of input images and discarding false edges to overcome the problem of traditional techniques in this field. Proposed operator also compared with two commonly used edge detection algorithms which are Canny and Sobel.
Comparing the two techniques Tripod Beta and Mort at a critical accident anal...IJERA Editor
Accidents are one of the leading causes of death and disability. Despite great efforts made to prevent accidents, there is still no coherent system to identify the root causes of industrial accidents. Selection of appropriate accident analysis techniques and their comparison can be useful in this regard. This research aimed to analyze a fatal accident in a power plant construction project using the two methods of MORT and Tripod-Beta, and the comparison of the analyses. First, the report of the selected accident was studied, and the accident was analyzed by the two methods of MORT and Tripod-Beta. The next step was followed by the comparison and assessment of the methods of MORT and Tripod-Beta with the measures of time, cost, training needs, the need for technical forces, the number of causes identified, quantifiable, and the need for software to conduct analysis. The Tripod-Beta accident analysis cost less and requires less time, and less technical experts. Thorough analysis of major accidents needs to identify all the possible causes of the incident, including human error and equipment failure. Therefore, the complimentary use of both techniques of industrial accident analysis is recommended.
Automatic solar LED street light automation by using RTC and I2C protocols d...PRASHANTH RAO
This project will work without human interfacing and it will use natural resources .Here using solar panel.This panel converting solar energy to electrical energy.In this project the street light do automatically on and off based given program. here we have to fix the on and off time .when real time reaches to given on time then street lights on automatically.when real time reaches to off time. The street light automatically will off.
Linda Drabik - Energy harvesting for IoTWithTheBest
As sensors and actuators are deployed in increasing numbers across greater distances, autonomous devices will become more ubiquitous. For systems that require longer life than a primary battery can deliver, Energy Harvesting offers a promising solution.
Energy Harvesting (EH) is the process by which ambient energy is captured from one or more energy sources and stored for later use. It enables autonomous sensors or switches to perpetually run with little to no maintenance, eliminating the need for connection to an electric grid and overcoming limitations of a battery-only power source with limited energy storage.
While the cost of buying and disposing batteries is a significant consideration, it’s the operational drain of maintenance that makes Energy Harvesting a particularly attractive solution for IoT.
In this presentation:
- Energy Harvesting solutions, including those that convert sources such as light, vibration, and heat into electricity (solar cells, piezoelectric devices, and thermoelectric generators).
- Key considerations for an Energy Harvesting terminal, including optimal capacitor size.
Linda Brabik, Founder/Organizer, IoT NY Meetup
smart street light detector based on sensors. This is basically designed to reduce the power consumption of the street light. And help out to conserve more and more energy.
An Efficient Algorithm for Edge Detection of Corroded SurfaceIJERA Editor
Inspection process in industrial applications plays a vital role as it directly hinders the outages of industry. Thereby the inspection especially in case of corroded surfaces is to be fast, precised and accurate. Visual inspection has been very liable to mistakes because of numerous facts. The automatic inspection systems remove subjective aspects and can provide fast and accurate inspection. Inspection of corroded surfaces is very important concern, thus it is required to detect corroded surfaces. A new algorithm is developed by certain changes in mask and thresholding selection to detect corroded surfaces. The paper is about how we can amend the weak edges of input images and discarding false edges to overcome the problem of traditional techniques in this field. Proposed operator also compared with two commonly used edge detection algorithms which are Canny and Sobel.
Comparing the two techniques Tripod Beta and Mort at a critical accident anal...IJERA Editor
Accidents are one of the leading causes of death and disability. Despite great efforts made to prevent accidents, there is still no coherent system to identify the root causes of industrial accidents. Selection of appropriate accident analysis techniques and their comparison can be useful in this regard. This research aimed to analyze a fatal accident in a power plant construction project using the two methods of MORT and Tripod-Beta, and the comparison of the analyses. First, the report of the selected accident was studied, and the accident was analyzed by the two methods of MORT and Tripod-Beta. The next step was followed by the comparison and assessment of the methods of MORT and Tripod-Beta with the measures of time, cost, training needs, the need for technical forces, the number of causes identified, quantifiable, and the need for software to conduct analysis. The Tripod-Beta accident analysis cost less and requires less time, and less technical experts. Thorough analysis of major accidents needs to identify all the possible causes of the incident, including human error and equipment failure. Therefore, the complimentary use of both techniques of industrial accident analysis is recommended.
Sample Report: Eastern Europe B2C E-Commerce Market 2015yStats.com
Free Report Samples for our publication "Eastern Europe B2C E-Commerce Market 2015".
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SMART STREET LIGHTING SYSTEM BASED ON SENSORS USING PLC AND SCADAIAEME Publication
Nowadays energy crisis in India is a critical issue. Enormous electric energy is consumed by the street lights. At present, street lights a r e controlled manually and it leads to energy loss. In the present study smart street lighting system manages the street lights automatically turn on in the evening, lighting the road for few hours. It gradually reduces the brightness when no one is detected in that area. When vehicles or pedestrians are detected, the street lights
automatically turn on. Design of smart Street lighting system does not only achieve energy-saving but also extend the
service life of street light equipment.
This research provides new effective and cheap designed system for save electrical energy dissipation in all urban area roads and highways. The aim of this system is to minimizing the waste electrical power on highways and urban area roads. The designed system depends on two Arduino circuit types, master and slave. The master Arduino has an ability to detect the day light by light dependent resistor (LDR) sensor and cars movements by pyroelectric infrared (PIR) sensor, according to these conditions, the master will send a signal by XBee module works as transmitter to the following five slaves Arduino which are waiting for a signal and receive it by XBee module works as receiver to turn ON the lights for 5 minutes then OFF it if there is no car movement on the street. The system can mount directly to the highway lights. The system has been tested and applied on the street lights, the system works perfectly and slaves respond fastly and effectively to the master Arduino signal.
In today’s world energy saving has become a major factor and need. This project is developed keeping this problem in mind. The huge amount of electrical power of many countries is consumed in lighting the streets. However, there are stages of time when there is less vehicle density during night time or even no vehicles during late night time. The main principle of this system is object detection and then triggering the respective circuit and to provide light only at that part of road where it is needed. Logically, this system may save a large amount of the electrical power. This paper focuses on the proposal of different possible architectures of this system.
International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) is an open access online peer reviewed international journal that publishes research and review articles in the fields of Computer Science, Neural Networks, Electrical Engineering, Software Engineering, Information Technology, Mechanical Engineering, Chemical Engineering, Plastic Engineering, Food Technology, Textile Engineering, Nano Technology & science, Power Electronics, Electronics & Communication Engineering, Computational mathematics, Image processing, Civil Engineering, Structural Engineering, Environmental Engineering, VLSI Testing & Low Power VLSI Design etc.
One of the most well-known challenges in machine learning and computer vision applications is handwritten digit recognition. To overcome the challenge of handwritten digit and/or letter recognition, a variety of machine learning algorithms have been used. The current research focuses on using Neural Networks to overcome the problem. Deep neural networks, deep belief networks, and convolutional neural networks are the three most well-known methodologies.
Today, air pollution is one of the significant environmental issues that causes adverse health effects in human bodies such as cancer, cardiologic disease and, high mortality rate resulting in damaging effects on the welfare of humans, animals and other living organisms of the environment. According to the recent research survey from WHO, India was the third most polluted country globally in 2020. Every year, about 2.5 million Indians, almost 30%, die from air pollution caused by burning fossil fuels.
Recently, in the whole world, enormous electric energy is consumed by the street lights. These lights are automatically turn on when it becomes dark and automatically turn off when it becomes bright. This is the huge waste of energy in the whole world and should be controlled. Street lights in India consume approximately 20-40% of the electrical energy produced in the entirenation and the demand for electricity in recent years has increased day by day. In this paper, smart street light is introduced which is IoT based, it aims to automate the light system, also, LEDs are used to assures the low power consumption.
Hierarchical Digital Twin of a Naval Power SystemKerry Sado
A hierarchical digital twin of a Naval DC power system has been developed and experimentally verified. Similar to other state-of-the-art digital twins, this technology creates a digital replica of the physical system executed in real-time or faster, which can modify hardware controls. However, its advantage stems from distributing computational efforts by utilizing a hierarchical structure composed of lower-level digital twin blocks and a higher-level system digital twin. Each digital twin block is associated with a physical subsystem of the hardware and communicates with a singular system digital twin, which creates a system-level response. By extracting information from each level of the hierarchy, power system controls of the hardware were reconfigured autonomously. This hierarchical digital twin development offers several advantages over other digital twins, particularly in the field of naval power systems. The hierarchical structure allows for greater computational efficiency and scalability while the ability to autonomously reconfigure hardware controls offers increased flexibility and responsiveness. The hierarchical decomposition and models utilized were well aligned with the physical twin, as indicated by the maximum deviations between the developed digital twin hierarchy and the hardware.
Final project report on grocery store management system..pdfKamal Acharya
In today’s fast-changing business environment, it’s extremely important to be able to respond to client needs in the most effective and timely manner. If your customers wish to see your business online and have instant access to your products or services.
Online Grocery Store is an e-commerce website, which retails various grocery products. This project allows viewing various products available enables registered users to purchase desired products instantly using Paytm, UPI payment processor (Instant Pay) and also can place order by using Cash on Delivery (Pay Later) option. This project provides an easy access to Administrators and Managers to view orders placed using Pay Later and Instant Pay options.
In order to develop an e-commerce website, a number of Technologies must be studied and understood. These include multi-tiered architecture, server and client-side scripting techniques, implementation technologies, programming language (such as PHP, HTML, CSS, JavaScript) and MySQL relational databases. This is a project with the objective to develop a basic website where a consumer is provided with a shopping cart website and also to know about the technologies used to develop such a website.
This document will discuss each of the underlying technologies to create and implement an e- commerce website.
Industrial Training at Shahjalal Fertilizer Company Limited (SFCL)MdTanvirMahtab2
This presentation is about the working procedure of Shahjalal Fertilizer Company Limited (SFCL). A Govt. owned Company of Bangladesh Chemical Industries Corporation under Ministry of Industries.
Immunizing Image Classifiers Against Localized Adversary Attacksgerogepatton
This paper addresses the vulnerability of deep learning models, particularly convolutional neural networks
(CNN)s, to adversarial attacks and presents a proactive training technique designed to counter them. We
introduce a novel volumization algorithm, which transforms 2D images into 3D volumetric representations.
When combined with 3D convolution and deep curriculum learning optimization (CLO), itsignificantly improves
the immunity of models against localized universal attacks by up to 40%. We evaluate our proposed approach
using contemporary CNN architectures and the modified Canadian Institute for Advanced Research (CIFAR-10
and CIFAR-100) and ImageNet Large Scale Visual Recognition Challenge (ILSVRC12) datasets, showcasing
accuracy improvements over previous techniques. The results indicate that the combination of the volumetric
input and curriculum learning holds significant promise for mitigating adversarial attacks without necessitating
adversary training.
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Design and Implementation of Automatic Street Light Control Using Sensors and Solar Panel
1. Sharath Patil G.S et al. Int. Journal of Engineering Research and Applications www.ijera.com
ISSN : 2248-9622, Vol. 5, Issue 6, ( Part - 1) June 2015, pp.97-100
www.ijera.com 97 | P a g e
Design and Implementation of Automatic Street Light Control
Using Sensors and Solar Panel
Sharath Patil G.S1
, Rudresh S.M2
, Kallendrachari.K3
,M Kiran Kumar4
,
Vani H.V5
1
u.G Student, Eee Dept, Sjmit, Chitradurga, Karnataka, India
2
u.G Student, Eee Dept, Sjmit, Chitradurga, Karnataka, India
3
u.G Student, Eee Dept, Sjmit, Chitradurga, Karnataka, India
4
assistant Prof, Department Of Eee, Sjmit, Chitradurga, Karnataka, India
5
associate Prof, Department Of Eee, Sjmit, Chitradurga, Karnataka, India
Abstract
Solar Photovoltaic panel based street lighting systems are becoming more common these days. But the
limitation with these ordinary street light systems is that it lacks intelligent performance. It is very essential to
automate the system so that we can conserve energy as well as to maximize the efficiency of the system. In this
paper a new method is suggested so as to maximize the efficiency of the street lighting system and to conserve
the energy usage the LED lights sensors. Here automation of street lights is done by LDR sensor. Intensity of
led street lights can be controlled by IR sensor and pulse width modulation.
Keywords: solar power, LED, LDR, IR sensor, street light control system, automation
I. INTRODUCTION
It is very common these days to see solar PV
based street lights. People became aware about the
importance of moving from conventional resources
based energy production to renewable energy based
power production. We all know that fossil fuel
resources are going to fed us for only 50-60 years
from now. So it is high time for us to shift to
renewable energy based power production and usage
as it is the only alternative available. It is sure that we
can’t leave in a society without power. So we need to
maximize the usage of renewable energy so that we
can preserve conventional resources. Normal solar
PV based street lighting system lacks automation.
The problem is that it will be in on state even though
there is no need of light and hence it causes loss of
power. Yet another problem is power is wasted
during late night when there. In this paper a new
technique is suggested to automate the entire system.
Here when there is no necessity of light the system
will go into a power down mode and the lamps won’t
glow. Sensors sense the intensity of light and
presence sensor is used to detect the presence of
humans or cars and then it gets turned on
automatically.
II. PREVIOUS WORK
[1] MUSTAFA SAAD et al proposed paper on”
Automatic Street Light Control System Using
Microcontroller “This paper aims at designing and
executing the advanced development in embedded
systems forenergy saving of street lights. Nowadays,
human has become too busy, and is unable to find
time even to switch the lights wherever not
necessary. The present system is like, the street lights
will be switched on in the evening before the sun sets
and they are switched off the next day morning after
there is sufficient light on the roads. this paper gives
the best solution for electrical power wastage. Also
the manual operation of the lighting system is
completely eliminated. In this paper the two sensors
are used which are Light Dependent Resistor LDR
sensor to indicate a day/night time and the
photoelectric sensors to detect the movement on the
street. The microcontroller PIC16F877A is used as
brain to control the street light system, where the
programming language used for developing the
software to the microcontroller is C-language.
Finally, the system has been successfully designed
and implemented as prototype system.
[2]B. K. Subramanyam et al proposed paper on
“Design and Development of Intelligent Wireless
Street Light Control and Monitoring System Along
With GUI” discussed that Now-a-days, it became
essential for people work during nights and returning
back to homes late nights; also increasing crime rate
during night times. This can be best achieved by
implementing proper solar based lighting system on
Streets. The efficient monitoring and controlling of
this lighting system must be taken into account. We
will get more power consumption, saving money
through solar panel. Also saving precious time,
decrease the huge human power through from the
LDR, IR Sensors. The Street lights are controlled
through a specially designed Graphical User Interface
RESEARCH ARTICLE OPEN ACCESS
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ISSN : 2248-9622, Vol. 5, Issue 6, ( Part - 1) June 2015, pp.97-100
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(GUI) in the PC. The Zigbee technology can be used
for the street lights monitoring and controlling at the
PC end.
III. SYSTEM MODEL
i) Block diagram of proposed system
The block diagram of the proposed system is
depicted in figure 1. Here we employ a
microcontroller 80C51so as to perform the
controlling actions. We do employ certain sensors
namely, IR sensor and LDR sensor. These sensors are
connected to the ports of the microcontroller through
an interfacing circuit and an amplifier. The output
from the microcontroller could be viewed through an
LCD display. The microcontroller generates a PWM
which is fed to the LED driver circuit which changes
the operating cycles of each LED in the LED Array.
The working of the entire system is mainly with
the sensors present. The main idea behind the system
is that the LED array will be in off position at day
time. Even at day time if the intensity of light is
lower due to weather conditions like fog,
thunderstorm etc. then the array will get turned on.
Presence sensor will detect the presence of any
humans or cars. When IR sensor detects the vehicles
brightness of the LED will be more when there is no
vehicles brightness will be decreased. This is done so
as to minimize the power consumption. Here we need
light only when it is needed. At night sometimes
roads will be empty and hence there is no use of
illuminating all the lamps. So we can lower the
intensity of LEDs and can conserve the power.
ii) Typical street light system
IV. PROPOSED METHODOLOGY
PWM is required mainly for intensity controlling
of led .LDR is a light dependent resistor which is
having very high resistance. Whose resistance
decreases when light impinges on it. This kind of
sensor is commonly used in light sensor circuits in
open areas, to control street lamps. This LDR
mainly used to different between day and night light.
LDR gives the discrete output of the resistance values
this analog should be converted into digital so an
analog to digital converter is required which is
interfaced with microcontroller .microcontroller is
programed in such a way that it during morning and
evening intensity increases or decreases so according
to that intensity it is programed with 5 level intensity
so we can conserve power here.
PULSE WIDTH MODULATION
IR sensor senses the vehicles on the street gives
signal to the microcontroller. When vehicles are
present it gives bright light. During late night low
traffic density so brightness of the LED are
automatically lowered .this dimmed light is enough
for pedestrian. here also lot of the power conserved
and we can utilize this power other purposes.
Solar
Panel
PWD
IR
SENSOR
LDR
8051
microcon
troller
LED
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V. RESULTS
The prototype has been tested in variable real life
conditions to verify the overall functionality and seek
better performance. The measurements collected
during the test phase allow calculating energy savings
so that it is possible to estimate cost savings also for
larger systems using approximations. Intensity of the
street light can be controlled and we can conserve
power effectively. we automated the street lights. It
reduces the labor charge switching is done manually
there is no need of human resource. Figure iv shows
how intensities are controlled during late.
(a) light intensity low during no movement of
vehicle
(b) when there will be vehicle high intensity bright
light
VI. CONCLUSION
A new model is presented in this paper which
will reduce the power consumption of the street
lighting system about 20-35 % compared to
conventional design. Here we are saving lot of power
without any Wastage, by these advanced technologies
we can design many more systems which can be done
by solar lights and through these solar lights we have
a vast usage at the same time we can do automatic
systems instead of doing it manually like with
LDR’s. Secondly, using highly advanced IC’s and
with the help of growing technology the project has
been successfully implemented.
VII. FUTURE SCOPE
Wireless is the buzz of communication industry
today. The field of wireless communication is
growing leaps and bounds day by day. There have
been many advancements taking place in the
semiconductor industry leading to more and more
advancements in wireless technology.
The main aim of the project is to save the power,
by using effectively we can save more power, as we
know that there is shortage of power nowadays in
everywhere mostly in villages etc. So to overcome
that we can provide street lights automatically with
the centralized intelligent systems. So in future we
can design many more advanced technologies to save
power.
4. Sharath Patil G.S et al. Int. Journal of Engineering Research and Applications www.ijera.com
ISSN : 2248-9622, Vol. 5, Issue 6, ( Part - 1) June 2015, pp.97-100
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BIOGRAPHY
Sharath Patil G S 1
U.G student, EEE
dept, SJMIT Chitradurga, Karnataka, India
Rudresh S M 2
U.G student EEE dept,
SJMIT, Chitradurga, Karnataka, India
Kalendra Achari3
U, G student, EEE
dept, SJMIT chitradurga, Karnataka, India
Kiran Kumar M working as Assistant
Professor in Dept of EEE S.J.M.I.T. chitradrga
Karnataka, India He completed B.E(EEE) in 2009
and M.tech (Energy systems) in 2011.areas of interest
wind energy conversation systems, solar energy,
power systems.
Vani H.V presently working as
Associate Professor in Dept. of EEESJMIT,
Chitradurga Karnataka India. Completed B.E (EEE)
in the year 2001 from UBDTCE and M. Tech (power
system power electronics) in 2010 from UBDTCE.
Areas of intrestis power system, power electronics,
advanced control system.