3. Resemblance between depression and
aggression
Depression connotes lethargy -making a
person aggressive
Major depressive episode:
1. Feeling of sadness
2. Diminished interest in activities
3. In decisiveness -Not able to take
decisions
4. Recurrent thoughts of death
4. Depression and general aggression
• Broadband relation between
Externalizing and internalizing
• Aggression causes peer rejection
causes internalizing problems
• “causal role of depression and
aggression”
5. Depression and spousal aggression
• Studies Assessed “ depressive
symptomology increased the mild wife
assault by 30%and severe wife assault by
70%.
• Suggestion by clinical literature ‘males
who are depressed, display aggression
and violence but don't report the
depressed affect.’
• Sexuality and physical violence had
higher scores on depression.
6. Depression and spousal
homicide
• A triggering separation by the women
deepens depression, then
murder/suicide
• Risk factors of homicide were alcohol
abuse and jealousy.
• Major cause of spousal homicide was
being unemployed and problem alcohol
use.
7. Depression and child abuse
• Parent-child interactions of depressed
mothers and abusive mothers were
similar.
• Research showed that moderate
depression was associated with an
increase in probability of aggression to a
child.
8. Depression and aggression to
the self
• Suicide is the aggression towards self
(Frued)
• Suicide-escape from aversive self
awareness.( short of self standards)
10. Depression aggression
• Individuals with high rates of depression
showed alcohol dependency
• Alcohol dependency was estimated in
depressed individuals at 32.3% while it
was 9.5%for persons without depression.
• Evidence showed that AUD increases the
risk of MD rather than vice versa.
11. Depression and isolation
• Depressed individuals receive less social
support either actual or perceived.
• Non depressed subjects expressed a
general lack of interest for further contact
with depressed individuals.
12. Depression and rumination
• Inability to remove negative thoughts from
working memory.
Sadness rumination-negative events to the
self
Anger rumination-external entity
• Catathymic crises : fluctuation between self
blame and other blame
13. Depression and impulsivity
• Depression has negative implications for self
regulation affecting behavior.
• “Impulsivity is neurophysiologically based
inability to conform behavior to its results.”
• Impulsive individuals are sensitive to rewards.
14. Depression and Internalized anger
• Internalized anger refers to suppressed(or
unexpressed anger at others)
• There is a correlation between high levels of
hostility and depression in patients with
internalized and externalized anger.
15. Depression and emotional
flooding
• Depression can serve as “flooding function
that generates anger and hence, increases
the likelihood of aggression.
• Authors concluded that both aggressive and
depressive responses may be displayed in
reaction to the same situation
17. Genetics
• Approach has been suggested by studies
indicating that a genetic variation in a
serotonin transporter gene is indicated in
depression.
18. Attachment style
• Insecure attachment style has been
linked to both depression and use of
aggression especially intimate partner
aggression.
• Attachment insecurity consistently relate
to more frequent and severe depression.
19. Conclusion
• Depression should constitute a routine
aspect of mental health assessment and
where present , should be viewed as a
risk factor for aggression.
