This document discusses dental materials. It begins by defining dental materials as those used for prevention and treatment in dentistry. It notes that studying dental materials is important for providing better patient care. The document then categorizes dental materials as preventive/therapeutic, restorative, or auxiliary. It explains that restorative materials can be primary to slow disease or secondary to restore structure. The document outlines why dental materials are studied, including understanding their behavior, proper handling, evaluating problems and treatments, and educating patients. It provides examples of how different materials behave and should be used. The document concludes with a brief history of dental materials from ancient times to the present.

1. Dental materials
Dr mumtaz ul islam
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2. What are dental materials
• Materials
• Dental materials (prevention and treatment)
• Why we study dental materials (to provide
above mentioned benefits)
• What is its importance (better you know better
you serve)
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3. Types of dental materials
1 preventive or therapeutic
2 restorative
a. Primary (to slow down the process of dental
ailments)
b. Secondary (to restore the diseased structure)
overlap may occur in preventive
and
restorative
3 auxiliary ( helper)
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4. Why to study dental materials
1 behavior of the material
2 handling of material
3 evaluation of the problem and its treatment
4 patient education
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5. Behavior
• Sealants prevent caries
• Periodontal problems can be initiated by an over hanged
filling
• Instruments storage in a wet condition can leads to rust
and corrosion
• Sterilization will not be achieved if debris is present over
instruments
• Properties
– Physical properties
– Chemical properties
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6. Handling of materials
• Liquid to powder ratio
• Proper mixing
• Proper placement of material
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7. evaluation of the problem and its
treatment
• Patients complaint
• Recognition of Material present in oral cavity
• Treatment protocol
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8. Education of the patient
•
•
•
•
Why composite filling
Why amalgam
Why glass ionomer
Crown or filling
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9. Replacement material
• For enamel and dentine different types of
cements ,amalgam and composite filling
materials
• For pulp gutta percha and sealers
• For missing teeth and gingival tissues crowns
bridges and dentures
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10. History of dental materials
From ancient times to 1700s
•
•
•
•
•
•
Replacement of teeth
Gold
Dentistry mean esthetics not function
(a) Ivory, which was carved
(b) Porcelain, which was fired into tooth shapes
(c) Wax and gypsum, which were used for impressions and
models
• (d) Zinc oxide–eugenol and zinc phosphate,which evolved as
fillings and cements to“glue” the restoration to the tooth
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11. Dental materials in 1800s
• Amalgam, a silver filling material, was widely
accepted and frequently used.
• Porcelain was also used for inlays and crowns.
Source: clinical aspects of dental materials by Marcia Gladwin
Michael Bagby.
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12. Dental materials in 20th century
• Casting techniques were esteblished
• Alloys of gold, titanium, chromium with cobalt
and with nickle were made
• Cast metals were used for crowns bridges and
partial dentures
• Polymers and composites were also introduced
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13. Dental materials and 21st century
• New ceramic materials and technologies are
coming day by day
• Basic concepts and uses are same, unchanged
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14. Selection of dental materials
• Manufacturers or suppliers provide
informations
• How much reliable ? Standards which will be
discussed
• Personel prefrence and experience
• Experiences of seniors and collegues
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15. Thank you
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