This document provides an overview of obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS). It defines OSAS as a sleep breathing disorder where the airway is mechanically obstructed, causing breathing to stop despite continued respiratory effort. The document discusses normal sleep architecture and different types of sleep disorders. It notes that OSAS is classified as mild, moderate, or severe based on the number of apnea and hypopnea events per hour of sleep. The prevalence of OSAS is estimated to be 2-4% in middle-aged adults but is increasing due to rising obesity rates.

1. Good morning
Buenos
Dias

2. Obstructive Sleep Apnea Syndrome
(OSAS)
Sleep
Breathing Disorder
Sleep Disordered
Breathing

3. Definition
 Sleep : is a reversible physiologic and
behavioral state that manifests as decreased
awareness and reaction to external stimuli.
 We spen

4. Why are some reasons we need
sleep?

5. What are Sleep allows?????
 Allows body to rest and repair
Itself.
 Gives us energy
 Makes us alert
 Improves mood
 Helps with memory

6. The Health Triad
Exercise Sleep
Nutrition

7. Sleep
 We spend 1/3 of our lives sleeping

8. Sleeping is an active process
 Some parts of our body
slow down:
 Breathing
 Heart rate
 Digestion
 Other parts speed up:
 Our BRAIN

9. Normal Sleep architecture comprises
two phases
 REM(active): Rapid eye movement :
Compromise 20-25% of sleep
 Our eyes rapidly move back and forth
underneath our eyelids.
 Dreaming occurs during REM sleep
 NREM(quite): Non-REM sleep which
compromise the remaining 75-80% of
sleep

10. American Sleep disorder
association

11. Sleep Disorders
 Respiratory sleep disorders:
1. Obstructive sleep apnea
2. Central sleep apnea
3. cheyne-stokes breathing
4. Sleep hypoventilation
 Non respiratory sleep disorders:
1. Narcolepsy
2. Periodic limb movement disorder
3. Idiopathic hypersomnia

12. Obstructive Sleep Apnea Syndrome
(OSAS)
Sleep
Breathing Disorder
Sleep Disordered
Breathing

13. Breathing Disorders
 Apnea :refers to a period of at least 10
seconds during which air flow is absent by
nose or Mouth.
 Hypopnea is decrease in airflow to 10-
70% of baseline for more than 10
seconds.
 Apnea-Hypopnea Index (AHI) – total
number of apneas and hypopneas per
hour of sleep

14. Obstructive Sleep Apnea
 Obstructive Sleep Apnea (OSA) is disordered
breathing during sleep in which the airway is
mechanically obstructed causing a cessation
of breathing despite continuing respiratory
drive.

15. Classification of OSA
The OSA subdivided
 Mild (5-15 events /h)
 Moderate (15-30 events /h)
 Sever (more than 30 events/h)

16. Central Sleep Apnea
 Obstructive Sleep Apnea
 Central Sleep Apnea
 Cessation of ventilation during sleep due to loss
of
neural drive to all respiratory muscles.

17. Snoring
 Is the low frequency sound produced by
vibration of the upper airway walls due to
partial upper airway obstruction during
breathing while sleeping

18. Snoring
 Not everyone who snores has sleep
apnea, but everyone with sleep apnea
snores.
 Snoring is regarded one of the symptoms
associated with OSA

19. Prevalence of OSA :
 Prevalence: 2% in middle-aged women and 4%
in middle-aged men.
 The prevalence of obesity has increase in all
age groups.
 Now the prevalence is 5% in given population.

20. Thank you