This document defines drama and its structural elements. It begins by explaining that drama comes from the Greek word meaning "to do" and that drama involves plays, operas, and other performances. It then discusses the three main types of conflicts in drama: between individuals, between man and supernatural forces, and internal conflicts within a character. Examples are also provided of well-known Philippine works of literature that have been adapted as drama, such as Noli Me Tangere. Finally, different types of theater stages are outlined, including proscenium, thrust, theater-in-the-round, and others.

1. Definition and
Structural
Elements of
Drama
Villasin, Angellou Mae S.
(discussant)

2. Learning Objectives:
1 Learners will comprehend the meaning of drama.
2
The learners will recognize the layers of meaning that exist in
texts and contexts, to develop their knowledge of dramatic
conventions and their sense of audience.
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3. What is Drama?
• The word drama comes from the Greek
verb “dran,” which means “to do.”
• Drama is the specific mode of fiction
represented in performance: a play,
opera, mime, ballet, etc., performed in a
theatre, or on radio or television.
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18. Three Conflicts
Conflict between
two individuals
It occurs whenever
people disagree over
their values,
motivations,
perceptions, ideas, or
desires.
Conflict between
man and a
supernatural
Occurs when the
protagonist finds
himself or herself
pitted against a
vengeful god or
powerful supernatural
force.
Conflict between
the man and
himself
self conflict—conflict
that involves a
character's internal
struggle against
himself.
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19. Examples of Philippine Literature In Drama
Tatarin
Tatarin is a short story known to be a personal favorite of its author,
National Artist for Literature Nick Joaquin. Tatarin: A Witches’
Sabbath in Three Acts. And in 2001, it made its way to film under
the direction of Tikoy Aguiluz.
Noli Me Tangere
(Touch Me Not)
It is a riveting saga that follows the rise and fall of Crisostomo
Ibarra and several minor characters under the oppression of
Spanish friars.
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20. Examples of Philippine Literature in Drama
Biag ni Lam-
ang
Biag ni Lam-ang is an epic story of the Ilocano people
from the Ilocos region of the Philippines. It is an Ilocano
epic poem believed to have originated in pre-colonial
times.
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21. Fond Stage
A found stage is one of the
simplest stages available. Also
referred to as a found space or
profile theater, found stages are
non-theatrical areas that are
converted into theater spaces.
The beauty of found stages is
that one can effectively create a
theater in any context.

22. Proscenium Stage
Proscenium stages have an
architectural frame, known as
the proscenium arch, although
not always arched in shape.
Their stages are deep and
sometimes raked, meaning the
stage is gently sloped rising
away from the audience.
This Photo by Unknown Author is licensed under CC BY-SA

23. End Stage
End stage theatres are those that
have an audience on only one
side. Such stages are most often
rectangular or square, but they can
be triangular (in which case they
are called corner stage theatres)

24. Thrust Stage
In theatre, a thrust stage is one
that extends into the audience
on three sides and is connected
to the backstage area by its
upstage end. A thrust has the
benefit of greater intimacy
between performers and the
audience than a proscenium,
while retaining the utility of a
backstage area.
This Photo by Unknown Author is licensed under CC BY-SA

25. Theaters in the round
'Theatre-in-the-round' or 'arena'
theatre is a theatre space in which
the audience surrounds the acting
area. It was common in ancient
theatre, particularly that of Greece
and Rome but was not widely
adopted again until the second
half of the 20th century, initially in
the United States.

26. Flexible Theater
Flexible stage theatres are those
that do not establish a fixed
relationship between the stage
and the house. Also known as
black box theatres, laboratory
theatres, modular theatres,
multiform theatres, free form
theatres, or environmental
theatres, they can be
reconfigured for each
performance.

27. Platform Stage
These usually consist of a raised
rectangular platform at one end
of a room. They can either have
a level or raked sloping floor.
The audience sit in rows facing
the stage. Platform stages are
often used in multi-purpose halls
where theatre is only one of the
space's uses.

28. Hippodrome Stage
The Hippodrome is now a
touring theatre, excellent for
opera, ballet and big musicals,
though too large for drama. Its
Roman counterpart was called a
circus and is best represented by
the Circus Maximus

29. Open Air Theater
These are outdoor theatres that
do not have a roof, although
sometimes parts of the stage or
audience seating will be
covered.

30. Stage Areas
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31. References
https://www.slideshare.net/mardiatunnisa1/elements-of-drama-
67213746
https://www.slideshare.net/linaizzie/elements-of-drama-12284604
https://www.slideshare.net/linaizzie/elements-of-drama-12284604
https://www.circuitperformingartstheater.com/from-page-to-stage-
4-examples-of-filipino-literature-that-made-its-way-to-theater/

32. Thank You and
Have a Nice
Day!
Villasin, Angellou Mae S.
(presenter)