This document discusses how utilities are adapting to climate change impacts and increasing infrastructure resiliency. It provides background on the two utilities, outlines the policy framework around climate adaptation, and defines resiliency. Examples are given of past climate impacts like droughts and wildfires that affected infrastructure. The utilities are taking steps to increase resiliency through diversifying energy sources, using natural gas which is underground and resilient, developing renewable natural gas and power-to-gas technologies, and distributing generation. Local governments can help by including utilities in vulnerability assessments and plans, supporting a variety of energy technologies, and expediting permits for infrastructure hardening.
Goleta Load Pocket Community Microgrid: Renewables-driven Resilience for the ...Clean Coalition
The Goleta Load Pocket (GLP) spans 70 miles of California coastline, from Point Conception to Lake Casitas, encompassing the cities of Goleta, Santa Barbara (including Montecito), and Carpinteria. Because the GLP is a highly transmission-vulnerable, disaster-prone region, the GLP Community Microgrid is being designed to deliver an unparalleled trifecta of economic, environmental, and resilience benefits to the area.
Planning and sustainable energy (February 2013)PAS_Team
This presentation will help you to understand the role of planning in adapting to and mitigating against the effects of climate change. It will help you understand some of the language and policy approaches to these issues.
Goleta Load Pocket Community Microgrid: Renewables-driven Resilience for the ...Clean Coalition
The Goleta Load Pocket (GLP) spans 70 miles of California coastline, from Point Conception to Lake Casitas, encompassing the cities of Goleta, Santa Barbara (including Montecito), and Carpinteria. Because the GLP is a highly transmission-vulnerable, disaster-prone region, the GLP Community Microgrid is being designed to deliver an unparalleled trifecta of economic, environmental, and resilience benefits to the area.
Planning and sustainable energy (February 2013)PAS_Team
This presentation will help you to understand the role of planning in adapting to and mitigating against the effects of climate change. It will help you understand some of the language and policy approaches to these issues.
Linking the energy crisis with climate change, Ritu Mathu, TERI University, I...ESD UNU-IAS
This lecture is part of the 2016 ProSPER.Net Young Researchers’ School on sustainable energy for transforming lives: availability, accessibility, affordability
In this paper, Agham explores the issue of the use of renewable energy in the country and its place in achieving a pro-people, pro-environment national power industry. The paper would go through the basics of renewable energy (RE), the country's renewable energy resources and potentials vis-à-vis the current energy pattern. The overarching policy and program of the government will then be discussed, its impacts on the current energy landscape and Agham's critique on the current framework.
A #COP26 presentation by Zainab Usman of Carnegie Endowment for International Peace and Katie Auth of Energy for Development, building on this paper: September 28, 2021
REFRAMING CLIMATE JUSTICE FOR DEVELOPMENT: SIX PRINCIPLES FOR SUPPORTING INCLUSIVE AND EQUITABLE ENERGY TRANSITIONS IN LOW-EMITTING ENERGY-POOR AFRICAN COUNTRIES
By Mimi Alemayehou, Katie Auth, Murefu Barasa, Morgan Bazilian, Brad Handler, Uzo Iweala, Todd Moss, Rose Mutiso, Zainab Usman
Advancing inclusive and equitable energy transitions is one of this century’s most vital global challenges, and one in which development finance will play a crucial role. References to justice and equity are widespread in international climate policy, and are increasingly being used by development organizations to guide their own work, including support for energy transitions.
But prevailing definitions of climate justice rarely fully capture the priorities, challenges and perspectives of low-emitting energy-poor countries, the vast majority of which are in sub-Saharan Africa. When applied to development policy, this gap risks prioritizing near-term emissions reductions over broader support for economic development and energy transformation, with comparatively little climate benefit. This could severely hinder poverty alleviation, development, and climate resilience — the very opposite of justice. We need energy transitions that are truly ‘just and inclusive.’ What does this mean for development funders and financiers, and how should it drive their approach to supporting energy transitions in the lowest-income countries?
What are the earth's energy sources, what ways can be used to sustain the availability of those resources, who are the most consumer of earh's energy in the world...............
The first quarter of 2009 has ushered in a new era for the alternate energy market in the US. This has resulted in a visible increase in interest on alternate energy technologies. Most would think the attention to alternate energy has come just in time, especially with the rise in fossil fuel prices, stringent environmental regulations, and significant changes in preferences among consumers.
CAMBRIDGE GEOGRAPHY A2 REVISION - ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT: THE MANAGEMENT OF ENERGY SUPPLY. Presentation suitable for Cambridge A2 students. It contains: topic summary, additional work and suggested websites.
This presentation describes the federal incentives under the Stimulus Bill for renewable energy, energy efficiency, carbon capture and storage, and alternative transportation fuels. There are significant incentives available for these and other related developing technologies and companies engaged in these projects.
Goleta Load Pocket Community Microgrid: Renewables-driven Resilience for the ...Clean Coalition
This webinar introduced the Clean Coalition’s Goleta Load Pocket Community Microgrid Initiative (GLPCM), which will deliver an unparalleled trifecta of economic, environmental, and resilience benefits to the transmission-vulnerable, disaster-prone Santa Barbara region. The Goleta Load Pocket (GLP) spans 70 miles of California’s coastline and is named after the Goleta Substation, which serves as the GLP’s only connection to California’s transmission system.
The need for expanded nuclear energy is urgent. Global energy demand is expected to grow by at least 50% by 2035, with electric demand in the developing world expected to triple.
Presently, more than one billion people completely lack electricity access and billions more consume one tenth or less of the electricity per capita consumed in the OECD. Much of that supply is intermittent.
At the same time, 81% of the world’s energy, and two thirds of the world’s electricity, is derived from fossil fuels, while emissions from fossil fuel combustion are a major factor driving global climate change.
Linking the energy crisis with climate change, Ritu Mathu, TERI University, I...ESD UNU-IAS
This lecture is part of the 2016 ProSPER.Net Young Researchers’ School on sustainable energy for transforming lives: availability, accessibility, affordability
In this paper, Agham explores the issue of the use of renewable energy in the country and its place in achieving a pro-people, pro-environment national power industry. The paper would go through the basics of renewable energy (RE), the country's renewable energy resources and potentials vis-à-vis the current energy pattern. The overarching policy and program of the government will then be discussed, its impacts on the current energy landscape and Agham's critique on the current framework.
A #COP26 presentation by Zainab Usman of Carnegie Endowment for International Peace and Katie Auth of Energy for Development, building on this paper: September 28, 2021
REFRAMING CLIMATE JUSTICE FOR DEVELOPMENT: SIX PRINCIPLES FOR SUPPORTING INCLUSIVE AND EQUITABLE ENERGY TRANSITIONS IN LOW-EMITTING ENERGY-POOR AFRICAN COUNTRIES
By Mimi Alemayehou, Katie Auth, Murefu Barasa, Morgan Bazilian, Brad Handler, Uzo Iweala, Todd Moss, Rose Mutiso, Zainab Usman
Advancing inclusive and equitable energy transitions is one of this century’s most vital global challenges, and one in which development finance will play a crucial role. References to justice and equity are widespread in international climate policy, and are increasingly being used by development organizations to guide their own work, including support for energy transitions.
But prevailing definitions of climate justice rarely fully capture the priorities, challenges and perspectives of low-emitting energy-poor countries, the vast majority of which are in sub-Saharan Africa. When applied to development policy, this gap risks prioritizing near-term emissions reductions over broader support for economic development and energy transformation, with comparatively little climate benefit. This could severely hinder poverty alleviation, development, and climate resilience — the very opposite of justice. We need energy transitions that are truly ‘just and inclusive.’ What does this mean for development funders and financiers, and how should it drive their approach to supporting energy transitions in the lowest-income countries?
What are the earth's energy sources, what ways can be used to sustain the availability of those resources, who are the most consumer of earh's energy in the world...............
The first quarter of 2009 has ushered in a new era for the alternate energy market in the US. This has resulted in a visible increase in interest on alternate energy technologies. Most would think the attention to alternate energy has come just in time, especially with the rise in fossil fuel prices, stringent environmental regulations, and significant changes in preferences among consumers.
CAMBRIDGE GEOGRAPHY A2 REVISION - ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT: THE MANAGEMENT OF ENERGY SUPPLY. Presentation suitable for Cambridge A2 students. It contains: topic summary, additional work and suggested websites.
This presentation describes the federal incentives under the Stimulus Bill for renewable energy, energy efficiency, carbon capture and storage, and alternative transportation fuels. There are significant incentives available for these and other related developing technologies and companies engaged in these projects.
Goleta Load Pocket Community Microgrid: Renewables-driven Resilience for the ...Clean Coalition
This webinar introduced the Clean Coalition’s Goleta Load Pocket Community Microgrid Initiative (GLPCM), which will deliver an unparalleled trifecta of economic, environmental, and resilience benefits to the transmission-vulnerable, disaster-prone Santa Barbara region. The Goleta Load Pocket (GLP) spans 70 miles of California’s coastline and is named after the Goleta Substation, which serves as the GLP’s only connection to California’s transmission system.
The need for expanded nuclear energy is urgent. Global energy demand is expected to grow by at least 50% by 2035, with electric demand in the developing world expected to triple.
Presently, more than one billion people completely lack electricity access and billions more consume one tenth or less of the electricity per capita consumed in the OECD. Much of that supply is intermittent.
At the same time, 81% of the world’s energy, and two thirds of the world’s electricity, is derived from fossil fuels, while emissions from fossil fuel combustion are a major factor driving global climate change.
The Community Microgrid Initiative: The path to resilience and sustainabilityClean Coalition
The Clean Coalition's Development & Strategic Partnerships Director, Matt Renner, presented on our Community Microgrid Initiative at ACI’s West Coast Conference on Microgrids, which took place August 29-30, 2018 in Spokane, WA.
Analysis of Community Microgrids: The path to resilient and sustainable commu...Clean Coalition
Greg Thomson, Director of the Community Microgrid Initiative for the Clean Coalition, presented on Community Microgrids to the Municipal Sustainability & Energy Forum on January 25, 2018. This modern energy solution that delivers unparalleled environmental, economic, and resilience benefits to communities.
2008 Presentation I gave at Grinnell college arguing for renewables and efficiency to replace coal for electrical generation
I give concrete plans for how to transition to renewables for small Iowa communities and do it at a profit
Governor Murphy, through Executive Order 28, has set New Jersey on the path toward transitioning to 100% clean energy by 2050.
In June, the Board of Public Utilities (BPU) issued a draft of an updated Energy Master Plan (EMP) that encompasses a dramatically broader scope than previous EMPs, and features a series of seven strategies that will guide the state to address the imminent threat of climate change and to reach Governor Murphy’s 100 percent clean energy goal.
This timely webinar features experts who will provide an overview of the EMP draft, and how it has the potential to result in significant economic benefits, including the creation of new jobs, industries and workforce development opportunities for the state’s residents and business community.
The NJ BPU is accepting comments on the EMP draft until September 16th. Please join us so that you can add your voice with others in the sustainable business community to help make the EMP a strong and effective roadmap to creating a clean energy economy.
We must urgently transition to a 100% renewable energy economy
Renewable energy technologies, especially EV batteries, require a lot of minerals
We can’t replicate one form of dirty extraction with another
This must be an opportunity moment – to not only transition to a low-carbon economy but also a more sustainable materials economy
Community Microgrids: Savings and resilience for local governments (1/25/18)Clean Coalition
The Clean Coalition was a partner organization for the The Promise of Microgrids conference, which took place on January 25, 2018 in Los Angeles, CA. Frank Wasko, Program Director for the Clean Coalition, participated on a panel discussing local government microgrids.
The French Revolution, which began in 1789, was a period of radical social and political upheaval in France. It marked the decline of absolute monarchies, the rise of secular and democratic republics, and the eventual rise of Napoleon Bonaparte. This revolutionary period is crucial in understanding the transition from feudalism to modernity in Europe.
For more information, visit-www.vavaclasses.com
Safalta Digital marketing institute in Noida, provide complete applications that encompass a huge range of virtual advertising and marketing additives, which includes search engine optimization, virtual communication advertising, pay-per-click on marketing, content material advertising, internet analytics, and greater. These university courses are designed for students who possess a comprehensive understanding of virtual marketing strategies and attributes.Safalta Digital Marketing Institute in Noida is a first choice for young individuals or students who are looking to start their careers in the field of digital advertising. The institute gives specialized courses designed and certification.
for beginners, providing thorough training in areas such as SEO, digital communication marketing, and PPC training in Noida. After finishing the program, students receive the certifications recognised by top different universitie, setting a strong foundation for a successful career in digital marketing.
Model Attribute Check Company Auto PropertyCeline George
In Odoo, the multi-company feature allows you to manage multiple companies within a single Odoo database instance. Each company can have its own configurations while still sharing common resources such as products, customers, and suppliers.
Normal Labour/ Stages of Labour/ Mechanism of LabourWasim Ak
Normal labor is also termed spontaneous labor, defined as the natural physiological process through which the fetus, placenta, and membranes are expelled from the uterus through the birth canal at term (37 to 42 weeks
Read| The latest issue of The Challenger is here! We are thrilled to announce that our school paper has qualified for the NATIONAL SCHOOLS PRESS CONFERENCE (NSPC) 2024. Thank you for your unwavering support and trust. Dive into the stories that made us stand out!
June 3, 2024 Anti-Semitism Letter Sent to MIT President Kornbluth and MIT Cor...Levi Shapiro
Letter from the Congress of the United States regarding Anti-Semitism sent June 3rd to MIT President Sally Kornbluth, MIT Corp Chair, Mark Gorenberg
Dear Dr. Kornbluth and Mr. Gorenberg,
The US House of Representatives is deeply concerned by ongoing and pervasive acts of antisemitic
harassment and intimidation at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT). Failing to act decisively to ensure a safe learning environment for all students would be a grave dereliction of your responsibilities as President of MIT and Chair of the MIT Corporation.
This Congress will not stand idly by and allow an environment hostile to Jewish students to persist. The House believes that your institution is in violation of Title VI of the Civil Rights Act, and the inability or
unwillingness to rectify this violation through action requires accountability.
Postsecondary education is a unique opportunity for students to learn and have their ideas and beliefs challenged. However, universities receiving hundreds of millions of federal funds annually have denied
students that opportunity and have been hijacked to become venues for the promotion of terrorism, antisemitic harassment and intimidation, unlawful encampments, and in some cases, assaults and riots.
The House of Representatives will not countenance the use of federal funds to indoctrinate students into hateful, antisemitic, anti-American supporters of terrorism. Investigations into campus antisemitism by the Committee on Education and the Workforce and the Committee on Ways and Means have been expanded into a Congress-wide probe across all relevant jurisdictions to address this national crisis. The undersigned Committees will conduct oversight into the use of federal funds at MIT and its learning environment under authorities granted to each Committee.
• The Committee on Education and the Workforce has been investigating your institution since December 7, 2023. The Committee has broad jurisdiction over postsecondary education, including its compliance with Title VI of the Civil Rights Act, campus safety concerns over disruptions to the learning environment, and the awarding of federal student aid under the Higher Education Act.
• The Committee on Oversight and Accountability is investigating the sources of funding and other support flowing to groups espousing pro-Hamas propaganda and engaged in antisemitic harassment and intimidation of students. The Committee on Oversight and Accountability is the principal oversight committee of the US House of Representatives and has broad authority to investigate “any matter” at “any time” under House Rule X.
• The Committee on Ways and Means has been investigating several universities since November 15, 2023, when the Committee held a hearing entitled From Ivory Towers to Dark Corners: Investigating the Nexus Between Antisemitism, Tax-Exempt Universities, and Terror Financing. The Committee followed the hearing with letters to those institutions on January 10, 202
A Strategic Approach: GenAI in EducationPeter Windle
Artificial Intelligence (AI) technologies such as Generative AI, Image Generators and Large Language Models have had a dramatic impact on teaching, learning and assessment over the past 18 months. The most immediate threat AI posed was to Academic Integrity with Higher Education Institutes (HEIs) focusing their efforts on combating the use of GenAI in assessment. Guidelines were developed for staff and students, policies put in place too. Innovative educators have forged paths in the use of Generative AI for teaching, learning and assessments leading to pockets of transformation springing up across HEIs, often with little or no top-down guidance, support or direction.
This Gasta posits a strategic approach to integrating AI into HEIs to prepare staff, students and the curriculum for an evolving world and workplace. We will highlight the advantages of working with these technologies beyond the realm of teaching, learning and assessment by considering prompt engineering skills, industry impact, curriculum changes, and the need for staff upskilling. In contrast, not engaging strategically with Generative AI poses risks, including falling behind peers, missed opportunities and failing to ensure our graduates remain employable. The rapid evolution of AI technologies necessitates a proactive and strategic approach if we are to remain relevant.
Welcome to TechSoup New Member Orientation and Q&A (May 2024).pdfTechSoup
In this webinar you will learn how your organization can access TechSoup's wide variety of product discount and donation programs. From hardware to software, we'll give you a tour of the tools available to help your nonprofit with productivity, collaboration, financial management, donor tracking, security, and more.
Embracing GenAI - A Strategic ImperativePeter Windle
Artificial Intelligence (AI) technologies such as Generative AI, Image Generators and Large Language Models have had a dramatic impact on teaching, learning and assessment over the past 18 months. The most immediate threat AI posed was to Academic Integrity with Higher Education Institutes (HEIs) focusing their efforts on combating the use of GenAI in assessment. Guidelines were developed for staff and students, policies put in place too. Innovative educators have forged paths in the use of Generative AI for teaching, learning and assessments leading to pockets of transformation springing up across HEIs, often with little or no top-down guidance, support or direction.
This Gasta posits a strategic approach to integrating AI into HEIs to prepare staff, students and the curriculum for an evolving world and workplace. We will highlight the advantages of working with these technologies beyond the realm of teaching, learning and assessment by considering prompt engineering skills, industry impact, curriculum changes, and the need for staff upskilling. In contrast, not engaging strategically with Generative AI poses risks, including falling behind peers, missed opportunities and failing to ensure our graduates remain employable. The rapid evolution of AI technologies necessitates a proactive and strategic approach if we are to remain relevant.
1. Climate Change:
The future is now for the Utilities
Deanna Haines, Director of Gas Engineering
Southern California Gas Company and San Diego Gas & Electric
September 9, 2016 California Contract Cities Association 36th
Annual Fall Educational Summit 1
2. • WHO WE ARE
• POLICY FRAMEWORK
• RESILIENCY DEFINED-LESSONS
FROM THE PAST
• CLIMATE ADAPTATION –
INCREASING RESILIENCY
• HOW YOU CAN HELP
PREVIEW
2
3. Both Utilities in service for over 135
years
SoCalGas
• Largest natural gas distribution
utility in the US
• Serve 12 counties (over 500
communities) and more
than 21 million people
• Over 5.8 million gas meters
SDG&E
• Provides electricity and natural gas
to 3.4 million people from Orange
County to the Mexican border.
WHO WE ARE…
SoCalGas & SDG&E Territory
3
6. 6
• “…requires cities and counties to
include climate adaptation and
resiliency strategies in the safety
elements of their general plans”
• Must include a set of goals,
policies, and objectives for their
communities based on current
data and information pertaining
to climate change adaptation and
resiliency.
Source: SB 379 Fact Sheet. Presidential Policy Directive --
Critical Infrastructure Security and Resilience
SB 379
8. “…ability to prepare for and
adapt to changing conditions
and withstand and recover
rapidly from …deliberate
attacks, accidents, or naturally
occurring threats or
incidents...”
Source: Press Release (dated Feb. 12, 2013) Presidential Policy Directive -
- Critical Infrastructure Security and Resilience
RESILIENCE DEFINED
8
9. Potential Impacts
• Threat of impacts to energy infrastructure is
driving state and regional agencies to develop
plans and policies to reduce system vulnerability.
• Ensure resiliency from impacts due to:
– Sea level rise
– Increasing Temperatures
– Wildfires
– Floods/Storms (including “wind” storms)
– Changing Precipitation (e.g. Droughts)
1. California Natural Resources Agency. “Safeguarding California: Reducing Climate Risk, an Update to the 2009 California
Climate Adaptation Strategy,” July 2014.
http://resources.ca.gov/docs/climate/Final_Safeguarding_CA_Plan_July_31_2014.pdf.
9
10. Climate Adaptation-Drought
San Joaquin Valley Subsidence
• Subsidence in San
Joaquin Valley classified
as “the greatest human
alteration of the Earth’s
surface”
• Causes of subsidence in
the SJV primarily from
groundwater and oil
extraction, and mining
10
11. Climate Adaptation-Droughts
Impacts to Pipelines
• Vertical Subsidence
– not the primary
concern with pipeline
structural integrity
(current issue in SJV)
• Horizontal subsidence
– at edge of subsidence
zone creates
compression and can
cause buckling
• Local subsidence can
create sinkholes,
which cause bending
stress
• Cathodic Protection
effectiveness
diminished
11
12. El Niño rain intense events can
create debris flows, flash flooding
or landslides, which can cause:
• Wash outs of access roads
• Pipeline exposures that can lead
to corrosion
• Increase dewatering activities
(e.g. regulator vaults)
• Delays in routine maintenance,
repairs and construction projects
• Workforce diversion and
potentially limited mutual
assistance availability.
PRIMARY CONCERNS FOR GAS
INFRASTRUCTURE
12
13. • Electricity Supply-severe impact
– Biggest fragilities were Transmission &
Distribution Components
• Winds downed power lines, flooding
affected dozens of substations
– Power outages created a domino effect
across other sectors
– Every system dependent on electricity
alone was vulnerable
• Fueling, Information and
Communication, Transportation
• Gas System –no major impact
– Flooding /power outages concern at
compressor stations along some
interstate pipelines , but natural gas
flows were not interrupted
– One company vented gas from
distribution lines causing water intrusion
in flooded areas
LESSONS FROM THE PAST
HURRICANE SANDY
13
Images Source: CNN
14. • Employees of SoCalGas and SDG&E were
among those who lost homes or were
forced to flee when the flames got too
close.
• Hundreds of distribution lines and over 17
major transmission lines were damaged. In
just a few weeks a one year supply had to be
replaced ~ 3000 transmission and
distribution wood pole structures, 400 miles
of electrical lines
• Under a mutual-aid agreement, crews from
Pacific Gas & Electric, the Salt River Project,
Tucson Electric, the Imperial Irrigation
District and Arizona Public Service joined in
the battle against the fires.
LESSONS FROM THE PAST
FIRESTORMS-SDGE TERRITORY
14
Images Source: Cedar Fire east county magazine
16. Climate Adaptation –
Increasing Resiliency
• Link between climate change and key enterprise risks.
Drought increases wildfire risk; sea level rise increases infrastructure
integrity risk; extreme temperatures increase electricity supply risk.
Relying on electricity alone increases energy system vulnerability.
• Increasing Resiliency:
Just like buying stock, diversifying energy assets helps protect the
overall system.
Need variety of energy options to increase energy system resiliency.
An all electric system places great risk to critical infrastructure in the
event of climate change impacts
E.g. Need a way to power hospitals and fire stations during power outages.
16
17. • Natural gas
infrastructure is
inherently resilient.
• Majority of natural gas
pipelines are
underground with little
exposure to wildfires or
weather driven climate
change events.
• System can operate
during electricity
outages
17
Natural Gas Infrastructure:
Underground and Resilient
18. • New near-zero emissions engines for heavy-duty trucks are now available that
reduce NOx emissions by 90% opportunity for natural gas buses and trucks
to achieve substantial environmental benefits.
• Can achieve emission levels below electric buses and trucks
• Rapid deployment of near-zero engine technologies is needed to help State
achieve emission reduction goals and improve air quality.
18
SoCalGas working
with agencies and
engine manufacturers
to deliver truck engine
90% lower emissions
for 2018!
Near Zero
Emission
Natural Gas
Engine
<0.02 g NOx
Ensuring Resiliency in
Fleets/Transportation/Fueling
19. • Distributed generation
technologies can isolate
consumers from the electricity
grid protection from power
outages.
• “Islandable”, black start energy
sources that provide power
separate from the vulnerabilities
of the grid.
• Broader, diverse mix of energy
sources increases energy system
security and resiliency
19
Protecting Customers from Outages:
Distributed Generation
20. CH4
RENEWABLE Natural Gas Can Eliminate
Methane Emissions from the Leading Sources
Convert waste
from dairies, farms
and landfills
into biogas
using anaerobic
digestion
extract the methane
put in the pipeline
for future use
SOURCE: Bioenergy Association of California and CARB May 2014 Look-Up Table 30
GENERATE 2.5 quadrillion
Btu annually – enough to
meet the natural gas needs
of 50%of all US homes
WHAT’S POSSIBLE
REPLACE
75% of all diesel
used by CA vehicles
SUPPLY biogas as a
transportation fuel from food
and green waste with a
NEGATIVE
carbon intensity
22. addresses the storage challenge
POWER-TO-GAS
excess
renewable
energy
goes through
electrolysis
which splits
the molecule
hydrogen & carbon
combine through
methanization
carbon captured from
factories and plants
methane can be stored
in the pipeline
for future use
23. How YOU can help
23
• Include utilities when identifying community
assets/vulnerabilities and when developing high level
policies, plans and implementation strategies.
• Incorporate consideration of natural gas technologies
into future planning processes
• Expedited permit process to support “resiliency and
hardening” of infrastructure
• Learn from previous disasters, support diversity of energy
sources and avoid putting all “eggs into one basket”
Editor's Notes
EXECUTIVE ORDER B-30-15
1.A new interim statewide greenhouse gas emission reduction target to reduce greenhouse gas emissions to 40 percent below 1990 levels by 2030 is established in order to ensure California meets its target of reducing greenhouse gas emissions to 80 percent below 1990 levels by 2050.4.The California Natural Resources Agency shall update every three years the state's climate adaptation strategy, Safeguarding California, and ensure that its provisions are fully implemented. The Safeguarding California plan will:-Identify vulnerabilities to climate change by sector and regions, including, at a minimum, the following sectors: water, energy, transportation, public health, agriculture, emergency services, forestry, biodiversity and habitat, and ocean and coastal resources; 7.State agencies' planning and investment shall be guided by the following principles -Priority should be given to actions that both build climate preparedness and reduce greenhouse gas emissions;-Where possible, flexible and adaptive approaches should be taken to prepare for uncertain climate impacts;-Actions should protect the state's most vulnerable populations; and-Natural infrastructure solutions should be prioritized.
, available at
https://www.whitehouse.gov/the-press-office/2013/02/12/presidential-policy-directive-criticalinfrastructure-
security-and-resil.
SoCalGas pipelines cross through mapped subsidence areas
SoCalGas collects and monitors data of ground movement obtained from various sources
Forecasts from October 2015
Nov-Dec – Near to slightly above average rainfall
Jan-Apr - Significant rainfall, especially in Feb and Mar, with at least one high-impact storm
Decision support in near real-time , analyses and results need to be tailored to address the decision makers needs. To this Aim, GIS and mapping tools can be very useful in highlighting hot spots.
Summary form only given challenges ever faced by SDG&E. During the wildfires, front-line employees worked long hours to get back on natural gas and electrical service. Employees of SoCalGas and SDG&E were among those who lost homes or were forced to flee when the flames got too close. Hundreds of distribution lines and over 17 major transmission lines were knocked out of service and damaged by the fires. Approximately 3000 transmission and distribution wood pole structures had to be replaced. Initially about 100,000 customers were without power, due to heroic efforts nearly all customers were back in service within a couple of weeks. Damage throughout the county to SDG&E's electricity infrastructure was great-from De Luz to Descanso and South Poway to Julian. More than 3,000 power poles were destroyed. Then, 400 miles of electrical lines needed to get replaced. And engineers also struggled to rebuild 17 transmission lines. Even utility crews from throughout the West became part of the effort. Under a mutual-aid agreement, crews from Pacific Gas & Electric, the Salt River Project, Tucson Electric, the Imperial Irrigation District and Arizona Public Service joined in the battle against the fires. In just a few weeks, a one-year supply of electrical poles and transformers were used to make repairs.
Definition of Climate adaptation per the 2014 National Climate Assessment : A capability to anticipate, prepare for, react to, and recover from significant multi-hazard threats with minimum damage to social well-being, the economy, and the environment.
Key risks linked to climate change:
SDG&E-
Wildfires (1) linked to drought
Insufficient natural gas supply (2) linked to extreme temperatures
Electric infrastructure integrity (6) linked to sea level rise, flooding
SCG-
Natural gas supply (1) linked to extreme temperatures
Storage well integrity (21) linked to flooding, landslides
We understand the risk associated with climate change adaption and the difference between climate adaption & climate mitigation.
We will discuss how we are leveraging the latest science and technology to anticipate and quantify risks associate with the changing climate.
We will discuss how we collaborate with our community and educate internally to make informed decisions, giving examples of adaption efforts that are making us more resilient to these inevitable changes.
SoCalGas examples will show adaptation efforts for landslides, flash floods, and subsidence. Also, as part of our TIMP model, we address these weather-related threats: cold weather, lightning, heavy rains or floods, and earth movements.
SDG&E example will show adaptation considerations for south bay substation.
The goal of our efforts is to minimize risks associated with social well-being, the economy, and the environment.
The transportation sector is responsible for 37% of statewide greenhouse gas emissions and over 80% of oxides of nitrogen (“NOx”) and heavy-duty vehicles are the largest contributor to NOx emissions.
Using natural gas as a transportation fuel not only helps reduce GHG emissions from the transportation sector, but can also increase resiliency of the sector. There is considerable pressure to electrify this sector, but since electric infrastructure is aboveground -- more vulnerable to climate events like storms and wildfires—such a shift increases risk of impacts.
Relying on natural gas for transportation, by comparison, increases security and resiliency of the sector.
Distributed generation technologies that use natural gas can help provide a reliable source of power during climate events. Includes CHP, microturbines.
Uses natural gas to generate electricity, and then uses the waste heat to heat a building, water heating, etc.
As mentioned earlier with Hurricane Sandy, buildings that relied on electricity alone lost power. The only facilities that were able to keep the lights on were those with efficient natural gas generators that allowed them to generate their own electricity and heat. This is highly important for critical facilities such as hospitals.
Slide #16: Renewable Natural Gas
Natural gas offers a solution to address methane emissions from California’s farms and other waste streams.
Here’s an easy way to look at the opportunity—electricity is generated from different sources. It can come from coal, nuclear power or renewables. Its environmental impact depends on what it’s generated from.
It’s the same with natural gas, or methane. Methane comes from the decomposition of organic matter, which means there are other ways to generate natural gas than extracting it from the ground.
We can use organic waste from landfills, wastewater treatment facilities, dairies and farms to create “renewable natural gas” and make natural gas even cleaner. California could produce almost 300 billion cubic feet of renewable gas per year just from organic waste. Instead of landfilling or burning that waste, California could use it to generate enough renewable electricity to power two-to-three million homes or enough to replace 75% of all the diesel used by motor vehicles in California.*
In fact, the biogas we produce from food and green waste has a NEGATIVE carbon intensity value—that means using biogas produced from food and green waste not only has 0 emissions—it actually takes carbon out of the air!
Studies say existing organic waste alone could supply up to 20% of our current natural gas demand if converted to methane. And, with purpose-grown crops, studies say we can produce an additional 20% of our natural gas from this renewable source. That means up to 40% of our natural gas supply could come from renewable sources.
It’s important to remember, this process runs on methane that would normally be released into our atmosphere and converts it into clean fuel to heat our homes and fuel our vehicles. It’s a double environmental win—we reduce emissions from the agriculture sector and generate a renewable energy source for other applications.
Biogas is a solution that is about 10-15 years out. The challenge, as is the case with any emerging technology, is economic. We need state policy makers and regulators to invest in and set up incentives to realize the potential of biogas conditioning services.
*SOURCE: Bioenergy Association of California, “Decarbonizing The Gas Sector: Why California Needs A Renewable Gas Standard,” November 2014.
http://www.arb.ca.gov/fuels/lcfs/121409lcfs_lutables.pdf
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Slide #18: Power-to-Gas Addresses the Storage Challenge
Here’s how power-to-gas works.
Rather than losing the excess electricity that is generated from wind and solar fields, we combine it with water and put it through electrolysis.
The electrolysis process converts the electrical energy into chemical energy and splits the molecules into pure hydrogen and oxygen. The oxygen bi-product can be sold and used for other applications, such as healthcare.
The hydrogen gas can be used as a fuel. Or, we can combine the hydrogen with CO2 and run it through the process of methanization to create methane. This renewable energy is then stored in our natural gas pipeline.
Here’s another cool aspect of this process. The CO2 can be supplied through carbon capture technologies so CO2 emissions from industrial plants that would normally be released into the air can be repurposed in this process to form clean, renewable natural gas. Again, we have a case of double the environmental benefit.
The clean, renewable methane produced through the power-to-gas process can be stored in our existing pipeline system for use when people need it. That means the infrastructure is already in place to store and deliver the renewable energy.
By using excess energy from other renewables, Power to Gas gives us a way to actually store this energy rather than lose it. And by being able to use it in the form of clean methane, it helps increase resiliency of our energy system
Ten percent of our methane demand can be met through power to gas. On top of the potential sourcing from biogas we just talked about, that means between 50%-60% of our natural gas supply can be generated through renewable resources.