DDoS (Synflood) Mitigation with SynBlock
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SynBlock is an open-source Linux script that helps mitigate SYN flood denial of service attacks. It works by installing firewall rules using iptables and monitoring connections to detect and block suspicious activity. A SYN flood works by flooding a server with SYN packets during the TCP three-way handshake establishment and not completing the connection, overwhelming server resources. SynBlock has functions to start monitoring, install iptables rules, flush rules, block blacklisted IPs, enable anti-spoofing, and configure settings via its configuration file.
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![SynBlock Script
What is SynBlock?
SynBlock is a small OpenSource Script written by Florian Reith which runs
under Linux to mitigate Disturbed Denial of Service Attacks (SynFlood). But for
some functions you will need a dedicated server. The normal SynBlock Monitor
function you can use on every Linux VPS or dedicated Server which has iptables
installed.
What is SynFlood [Wikipedia]?
When a client attempts to start a TCP connection to a server, the client and
server exchange a series of messages which normally runs like this:
The client requests a connection by sending a SYN (synchronize) message to
the server.
The server acknowledges this request by sending SYN-ACK back to the client.
The client responds with an ACK, and the connection is established.
This is called the TCP three-way handshake, and is the foundation for every
connection established using the TCP protocol.
The SYN flood is a well known type of attack and is generally not effective
against modern networks[citation needed]. It works if a server allocates
resources after receiving a SYN, but before it has received the ACK.
There are two methods, but both involve the server not receiving the ACK. A
malicious client can skip sending this last ACK message. Or by spoofing the
source IP address in the SYN, it makes the server send the SYN-ACK to the
falsified IP address, and thus never receive the ACK. In both cases the server
will wait for the acknowledgement for some time, as simple network congestion
could also be the cause of the missing ACK.
If these half-open connections bind resources on the server, it may be possible
to take up all these resources by flooding the server with SYN messages. Once
all resources set aside for half-open connections are reserved, no new
connections (legitimate or not) can be made, resulting in denial of service.
Some systems may malfunction badly or even crash if other operating system
functions are starved of resources this way.](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/synblockhandout-110607090551-phpapp02/85/DDoS-Synflood-Mitigation-with-SynBlock-1-320.jpg)
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Syllabus
Chapter-1
Introduction to objective, scope and outcome the subject
Chapter 2
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- 1. SynBlock Script What is SynBlock? SynBlock is a small OpenSource Script written by Florian Reith which runs under Linux to mitigate Disturbed Denial of Service Attacks (SynFlood). But for some functions you will need a dedicated server. The normal SynBlock Monitor function you can use on every Linux VPS or dedicated Server which has iptables installed. What is SynFlood [Wikipedia]? When a client attempts to start a TCP connection to a server, the client and server exchange a series of messages which normally runs like this: The client requests a connection by sending a SYN (synchronize) message to the server. The server acknowledges this request by sending SYN-ACK back to the client. The client responds with an ACK, and the connection is established. This is called the TCP three-way handshake, and is the foundation for every connection established using the TCP protocol. The SYN flood is a well known type of attack and is generally not effective against modern networks[citation needed]. It works if a server allocates resources after receiving a SYN, but before it has received the ACK. There are two methods, but both involve the server not receiving the ACK. A malicious client can skip sending this last ACK message. Or by spoofing the source IP address in the SYN, it makes the server send the SYN-ACK to the falsified IP address, and thus never receive the ACK. In both cases the server will wait for the acknowledgement for some time, as simple network congestion could also be the cause of the missing ACK. If these half-open connections bind resources on the server, it may be possible to take up all these resources by flooding the server with SYN messages. Once all resources set aside for half-open connections are reserved, no new connections (legitimate or not) can be made, resulting in denial of service. Some systems may malfunction badly or even crash if other operating system functions are starved of resources this way.
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